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1、 高中英语真题:高中英语Unit2CloningIVGrammar 导学案新人教版选修8 I.Look at these sentences.What kind of clauses are they?The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.多莉看来是正常地生长着的事实很令人鼓舞。Then came the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。II.Find out the two factors of a
2、clause The fact that she seemed to develop normally Position 位置:从句在名词 fact 之后 Relationship 关系:说明 fact 具体内容 the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.Position 位置:在名词 news 之后 Relationship 关系:说明 news 具体内容 III.Conclude the definition of the appositive clause.在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句
3、的一种，一般跟在某些名词之后，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。Ex 1:What kind of clauses are they?1)What he wants to do is not clear.2)I have no idea where he is.3)The trouble is that we dont have enough money.4)I want to know whether he will come.IV.Sum up the nouns before the appositive clause.同位语从句中所修饰的名词有：fact,news,idea,hope,qu
4、estion,problem,suggestion,plan,thought,doubt,truth,belief,promise,order，information，等抽象名词。Ex.2:Find out the appositive clause in the letter.Dear Miss Wang,My friends told me a plan that they would held a party tomorrow.But there is a doubt whether I am free.I have no idea how I can refuse their invi
5、tation politely.Could you give me some suggestions?Yours sincerely,Kate V.Tell the difference between the attributive clause and the appositive clause.项 目 同 位 语 从 句 定 语 从 句 功能不同 解释说明抽象 n.的内容 可转换成：n.+is+从句 修饰或限定先行词 先行词不同 比较有限，通常是抽象名词（如:idea,fact,belief,suggestion,proposal,news,order 等）非常广泛，可以是名词代词主句的
6、一部分甚至整个句子。Whether/how/what 起连接作用，其中whether 在从句中不作成分；how 和 what 作成分 不引导定语从句 that 1.不指代抽象 n.，无意义 2.在从句中不作成分 1.指代先行词，有意义 2.在从句中要作成分（主/宾/表）3.只起引导作用 4.不可省略 3.起引导作用 4.做宾语时可省略 1.The news that l have passed the exam is true (同位语从句，可转换为The news is that I have passed the exam is true The news that he told me
7、just now is true.(定语从句，不可转换为 The news is that he told me)2.The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.（that 不指代 idea,在从句中不充当任何成份。）The idea that he gave surprised many people（that 指代idea,在从句中作 gave 的宾语。）VI.定语从句和同位语从句有四个相同的引导词：that，when，where，why，但在两种从句中的用法不同,下面把四个引导词分成两类
8、说明:1).引导词 that The news that you told me yesterday was really exciting (定语从句)that起连接作用;指代先行词;充当句子成分;作宾语时常省略。We heard the news that our team had won (同位语从句)that起连接作用;不充当句子成分;不能省略。2)引导词 when，where，why I will never forget the day when I worked in Yangxi(定语从句)when 作时间状语，可以转换成 on which There is a questio
9、n when she came here(同位语从句)when 作时间状语，意为“什么时候”This is the house where I lived two years ago （定语从句）where 作地点状语，可以转换成 in which Do you have an idea where the boy is from?（同位语从句）where 作地点状语，意为“哪里”This is the reason why she was late for school today(定语从句)why 作原因状语，可以转换成 for which The teacher had no idea
10、why Jack was absent(同位语从句)why 作原因状语，意为“为什么”二、Practice （一）填入适当的连接词,并判断是定语从句还是同位语从句.1.The fact _ he used to be a thief is known to us.（）2.We were surprised by the fact _ she told us.（）3.The next thing _ must be done is to make a plan.（）4.Word came _ our army had won the battle.（）5.The president had gi
11、ven an order _ everyone in the country should prepare for war _ might last for several years.（）6.Weve just heard a warning on the radio _ a hurricane is likely to come.（）7.There is no doubt _ he has told a lie.（）8.You have no idea _ anxious I was!（）9.The coat is in the place _ you left it.（）10.Then
12、arose the question about _ we were to get the machines needed.（）（二）Choose the best answer.1.The fact _she works hard is well known to us all.A.that B.what C.why D.which 2.The fact _ he was successful proves his ability.A.that B.what C.which D.why 3.The news _ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.A.
13、what B.that C.why D.when 4.His suggestion _ the meeting be delayed was turned down.A.which B.that C./D.it 5.I have no idea _ he will start.A.when B.that C.what D./6.Ive come from the government with a message _ the meeting wont be held tomorrow.A.if B.that C.whether D.which 7.The thought _ he might
14、fail in the exam worried him.A.when B.which C.what D.that 8.The order _ the prisoner be set free arrived too late.A.which B.whether C.that D.what 9.The nurses are trying their best to reduce the patients fear _ he would die of the disease.A.that B.as C.of which D.which 10.He often asked me the quest
15、ion _ the work was worth doing.A.whether B.where C.that D.when 11.Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.while B.that C.when D.as 12.It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities;this is the information _
16、 has been put forward.A.what B.that C.when D.as 13.She heard a terrible noise,_ brought her heart into her mouth.A.it B.which C.this D.that 14.I cant stand the terrible noise _ she is crying loudly.A.it B.which C.his D.that 15.They received orders _ the work be done right away.A.which B.that C./D.wh
17、en 16.The reason _ he has to go is _ his mother is ill in bed.A,why;why B.why;because C.why;that D.that;because 高中英语 Unit2CloningIVGrammar 导学案新人教版选修 8 I.Look at these sentences.What kind of clauses are they?The fact that she seemed to develop normally was very encouraging.多莉看来是正常地生长着的事实很令人鼓舞。Then ca
18、me the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.接着传来了多莉病重的坏消息。II.Find out the two factors of a clause The fact that she seemed to develop normally Position 位置:从句在名词 fact之后 Relationship 关系:说明 fact 具体内容 the disturbing news that Dolly had become seriously ill.Position 位置:在名词 news 之后 Relation
19、ship 关系:说明 news具体内容 III.Conclude the definition of the appositive clause.在复合句中用作同位语的从句叫同位语从句。同位语从句是名词性从句的一种，一般跟在某些名词之后，用以说明该名词表示的具体内容。Ex 1:What kind of clauses are they?1)What he wants to do is not clear.2)I have no idea where he is.3)The trouble is that we dont have enough money.4)I want to know wh
20、ether he will come.IV.Sum up the nouns before the appositive clause.同位语从句中所修饰的名词有：fact,news,idea,hope,question,problem,suggestion,plan,thought,doubt,truth,belief,promise,order，information，等抽象名词。Ex.2:Find out the appositive clause in the letter.Dear Miss Wang,My friends told me a plan that they would
21、 held a party tomorrow.But there is a doubt whether I am free.I have no idea how I can refuse their invitation politely.Could you give me some suggestions?Yours sincerely,Kate V.Tell the difference between the attributive clause and the appositive clause.项 目 同 位 语 从 句 定 语 从 句 功能不同 解释说明抽象 n.的内容 可转换成：
22、n.+is+从句 修饰或限定先行词 先行词不同 比较有限，通常是抽象名词（如:idea,fact,belief,suggestion,proposal,news,order等）非常广泛，可以是名词代词主句的一部分甚至整个句子。Whether/how/what 起连接作用，其中 whether 在从句中不作成分；how 和 what 作成分 不引导定语从句 that 1.不指代抽象 n.，无意义 1.指代先行词，有意义 2.在从句中不作成分 3.只起引导作用 4.不可省略 2.在从句中要作成分（主/宾/表）3.起引导作用 4.做宾语时可省略 1.The news that l have pass
23、ed the exam is true (同位语从句，可转换为 The news is that I have passed the exam is true The news that he told me just now is true.(定语从句，不可转换为The news is that he told me)2.The idea that computers can recognize human voices surprises many people.（that 不指代 idea,在从句中不充当任何成份。）The idea that he gave surprised many
24、 people（that 指代 idea,在从句中作 gave 的宾语。）VI.定语从句和同位语从句有四个相同的引导词：that，when，where，why，但在两种从句中的用法不同,下面把四个引导词分成两类说明:1).引导词 that The news that you told me yesterday was really exciting (定语从句)that起连接作用;指代先行词;充当句子成分;作宾语时常省略。We heard the news that our team had won (同位语从句)that起连接作用;不充当句子成分;不能省略。2)引导词 when，where，
25、why I will never forget the day when I worked in Yangxi(定语从句)when 作时间状语，可以转换成 on which There is a question when she came here(同位语从句)when 作时间状语，意为“什么时候”This is the house where I lived two years ago （定语从句）where 作地点状语，可以转换成 in which Do you have an idea where the boy is from?（同位语从句）where 作地点状语，意为“哪里”Thi
26、s is the reason why she was late for school today(定语从句)why 作原因状语，可以转换成 for which The teacher had no idea why Jack was absent(同位语从句)why 作原因状语，意为“为什么”二、Practice （一）填入适当的连接词,并判断是定语从句还是同位语从句.1.The fact _ he used to be a thief is known to us.（）2.We were surprised by the fact _ she told us.（）3.The next th
27、ing _ must be done is to make a plan.（）4.Word came _ our army had won the battle.（）5.The president had given an order _ everyone in the country should prepare for war _ might last for several years.（）6.Weve just heard a warning on the radio _ a hurricane is likely to come.（）7.There is no doubt _ he
28、has told a lie.（）8.You have no idea _ anxious I was!（）9.The coat is in the place _ you left it.（）10.Then arose the question about _ we were to get the machines needed.（）（二）Choose the best answer.1.The fact _she works hard is well known to us all.A.that B.what C.why D.which 2.The fact _ he was succes
29、sful proves his ability.A.that B.what C.which D.why 3.The news _ he was kidnapped surprised us greatly.A.what B.that C.why D.when 4.His suggestion _ the meeting be delayed was turned down.A.which B.that C./D.it 5.I have no idea _ he will start.A.when B.that C.what D./6.Ive come from the government w
30、ith a message _ the meeting wont be held tomorrow.A.if B.that C.whether D.which 7.The thought _ he might fail in the exam worried him.A.when B.which C.what D.that 8.The order _ the prisoner be set free arrived too late.A.which B.whether C.that D.what 9.The nurses are trying their best to reduce the
31、patients fear _ he would die of the disease.A.that B.as C.of which D.which 10.He often asked me the question _ the work was worth doing.A.whether B.where C.that D.when 11.Information has been put forward _ more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities.A.while B.that C.when D.as 12.
32、It is said that more middle school graduates will be admitted into universities;this is the information _ has been put forward.A.what B.that C.when D.as 13.She heard a terrible noise,_ brought her heart into her mouth.A.it B.which C.this D.that 14.I cant stand the terrible noise _ she is crying loudly.A.it B.which C.his D.that 15.They received orders _ the work be done right away.A.which B.that C./D.when 16.The reason _ he has to go is _ his mother is ill in bed.A,why;why B.why;because C.why;that D.that;because