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1、-.z 高一英语定语从句复习 语法归纳及练习 一、根本概念 1.定语从句 在复合句中作定语，修饰名词或代词的从句叫定语从句。2.先行词 被定语从句所修饰的名词或代词。一般情况下，定语从句紧跟先行词。但也有因各种原因定语从句与先行词被分割的现象。3.关系代词和关系副词 定语从句的引导词。与先行词关系密切，因此紧跟先行词，并在定语从句中充当一个成分。关系代词有：who,whom,which,that 和 whose,另外，as 也可充当关系代词。关系代词在定语从句中充当主语、宾语、表语和定语。关系副词有：when,where 和 why。在定语从句中充当状语。二、关系代词的用法 一根本用法 根据先
2、行词的不同，和在从句中所充当的成分不同，选用不同的关系代词。如下表：关系词 先行词 从句成分 例句 备注 关 系代词 who 人 主语，宾语 Do you know the man who is talking with your mother?whom,which 和that 在从句中做宾语时，常可以省略，但介词提前时后面关系代词不能省略，也不可以用 that whom 人 宾语 Mr.Smith is the person with whom I am working The boy(whom)she loved died in the war.whose 人，物 定语 I like th
3、ose books whose topics are about history.The boy whose father works abroad is my classmate.that 人，物 主语，宾语 A plane is a machine that can fly.She is the pop star(that)I want to see very much.which 物 主语，宾语 The book(which)I gave you was worth$10.The picture which was about the accident was terrible.as 人
4、，物 主语，宾语 He is such a person as is respected by all of us.This is the same pen as I lost yesterday.as 做宾语一般不省略 二关系代词 that 代替 which 的一些情况 which,that 在代替物时，一般可以通用。但在有些情况下，只用 that。-.z 先行词是最高级形容词或它的前面有最高级形容词修饰时。例如：This is the best thathas been used against pollution.English is the most difficult subject
5、 that you will learn during these years.先行词是序数词，或它前面有一个序数词时。例如：This is the last place(that)I want to visit.It is the first American movie of this kind thatIve ever seen.先行词是 all,much,little,something,everything,anything,nothing,none 等代词时。例如：You should hand in all thatyou have.We havent got much that
6、 we can offer you.先行词前面有 the only,the very,any,few,little,no,all,much,every 等修饰时。例如：The only thing that we can do is to give you some money.The little money(that)he had was stolen.三宜用 who,而不用 that 的一些情况 先行词是 one,ones,anyone 时。例如：One whohas nothing to fear for oneself dares to tell the truth.Dont tel
7、l anyone about the news who oughtn t to know it.先行词是 those 时。例如：Those whowere not fit for their work could not see the beautiful clothes made of the magic cloth.四其它情况 先行词既有人又有物时。例如：Do you know the things and persons that they are talking about?The bike and its rider that had run over an old man were
8、 taken to the police station.主句已有疑问词 who 或 which 时。例如：Which is the bike that you lost?Who is the woman thatwas praised at the meeting?五与 whose 有关的问题 whose 是代词的所有格，它既可以代人也可以代物。例如：I saw a womanwhosebag was stolen.Please show me the book whose cover is red.当 whose 表示物与物的所有格关系时，亦可用 of which 的形式。例如：The b
9、uilding whoseroof you can see from here is a new restaurant.The building,the roof of which you can see from here,is a new restaurant.或 The building,of which the roof you can see from here is a new restaurant.三、介词提前的问题 关系代词在定语从句中充当介词宾语时，介词可以前提至关系代词前。例如：Have you seen the pen(which)I wrote the note wit
10、h just now?which 作介词with 的宾语-.z Have you seen the penwith whichI wrote the note just now?但是，要注意的是：介词前提后，先行词是人或物，关系代词分别只能用 whom 和 which，而不再用 that 或who。介词前提后，关系代词不再能省略。有些含有介词的短语动词中的介词不能前提，如：look for,look after,take care of 等。例如：错误：Who is the old man to that you were talking to?正确：Who is the old man to
11、 whom you were talking?或 Who is the old man(that/whom)you were talking to?错误：These are the sheep of which the boy took care.正确：These are the sheep(which/that)the boy took care of.四、关系代词在从句中作主语时，从句中的主谓一致 关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句的谓语动词在人称和数上应与先行词一致。例如：Who is the guythatis reading over there?The number of peop
12、lethat are going to the e*hibitionis e*pected to be over 25,000.All thatneedsto be done has been done.He is one of the studentswhouseputer a lot for study.Timmy is the only one of the pupilsthat has failed the e*am.例中的 all 意为“一切，作单数。例中没通过考试的学生事实上只有一人，因此谓语动词也用单数。that 与 which,who,whom 的用法区别：情况 用法说明 例句
13、 只用 that 的情况 1 先 行 词 为all,everything,anything,nothing,little,much,等不定代词时。2 先行词被 all,any,every,each,much,little,no,some,few 等修饰时 3 先行词有形容词最高级和序数词修饰时 4 先行词既指人又指物时 5 先行词被 the only,the very 修饰时 6 句中已经有 who 或 which 时，为了防止重复时 1.He told me everything that he knows.2.All the books that you offered have been
14、 given out.3.This is the best film that I have ever read.4.We talked about the persons and things that we remembered.5.He is the only man that I want to see.6.Who is the man that is making a speech?只用 which,who,whom 的情况 1 在非限制性定语从句中，只能用 which指代物，用 who/whom 指人 2 在由“介词+关系代词引导的定语从句中，只1.He has a son,who
15、 has gone abroad for further study.2.I like the person to whom the-.z 能用 which 指物，whom 指人。3 先行词本身是 that 时，关系词用 which,先行词为 those,one,he 时多用 who。teacher is talking.3.Those who respect others are usually respected by others.-.z 高一定语从句专项练习(1)1.The place _interested me most was the Childrens Palace.A.whi
16、ch B.where C.what D.in which 2.Do you know the man _?A.whom I spoke B.to who spoke C.I spoke to D.that I spoke 3.This is the hotel _last month.A.which they stayed B.at that they stayed C.where they stayed at D.where they stayed 4.Do you know the year _the Chinese munist Party was founded?A.which B.t
17、hat C.when D.on which 5.That is the day _Ill never forget.A.which B.on which C.in which D.when 6.The factory _well visit ne*t week is not far from here.A.where B.to which C.which D.in which 7.Great changes have taken place in the factory _we are working since then.A.where B.that C.which D.there 8.Th
18、is is one of the best films _.A.that have been shown this year B.that have shown C.that has been shown this year D.that you talked 9.Can you lend me the book _the other day?A.about which you talked B.which you talked C.about that you talked D.that you talked 10.The pen _he is writing is mine.A.with
19、which B.in which C.on which D.by which 11.They arrived at a farmhouse,in front of _sat a small boy.A.whom B.who C.which D.that 12.The engineer _my father works is about 50 years old.A.to whom B.on whom C.with which D.with whom 13.It there anyone in your class _family is in the country?A.who B.whos C
20、.which D.whose 14.Im interested in _you have said.A.all that B.all what C.that D.which 15.I want to use the same dictionary _was used yesterday.A.which B.who C.what D.as 16.He isnt such a man _he used to be.A.who B.whom C.that D.as 17.He is good at English,_we all know.A.that B.as C.whom D.what 18.L
21、i Ming,_to the concert enjoyed it very much.A.I went with B.with whom I went C.with who I went D.I went with him 19.I dont like _ as you read.A.the novels B.the such novels C.such novels D.same novels -.z 20.He talked a lot about things and persons _they remembered in the school.A.which B.that C.who
22、m D.what 21.The letter is from my sister,_is working in Beijing.A.which B.that C.whom D.who 22.In our factory there are 2,000 workers,two thirds of _are women.A.them B.which C.whom D.who 23.Youre the only person _Ive ever met _could do it.A.who;/B./;whom C.whom;/D./;who 24.I lost a book,_I cant reme
23、mber now.A.whose title B.its title C.the title of it D.the title of that 25.Last summer we visited the West Lake,_Hangzhou is famous in the world.A.for which B.for that C.in which D what 26.I have bought such a watch _ was advertised on TV.A.that B.which C.as D.it 27.I can never forget the day _ we
24、worked together and the day _ we spent together.A.when;which B.which;when C.what;that D.on which;when 28.The way _he looks at problems is wrong.A.which B.whose C.what D./29.This is the reason _he didnt e to the meeting.A.in which B.with which C.that D.for which 30.This machine,_for many years,is sti
25、ll working perfectly.A.after which I have looked B.which I have looked after C.that I have looked after D.I have looked after 31.The reason _he didnt e was _he was ill.A.why;that B.that;why C.for that;hat D.for which;what 32.He is working hard,_will make him pass the final e*am.A.that B.which C.for
26、which D.who 33.That is not the way _I do it.A./B.which C.for which D.with which 34.I have two grammars,_are of great use.A.all of which B.either of which C.both of that D.both of which 35.I want to use the same tools _used in your factory a few days ago.Aas was B.which was C.as were D.which 36.My ne
27、ighbours used to give me a hand in time of trouble,_ was very kind of them.A.who B.which C.that D.it 37.This is the magazine _ I copied the paragraph.A.that B.which C.from that D.from which 38.He is not such a man _ would leave his work half done.A.that B.which C.who D.as -.z 39.You can depend on wh
28、atever promise _ he makes.A./B.why C.when D.whose 40.Smoking,_ is a bad habit,is,however,popular.A.that B.which C.it D.though 41.Did you ask the guard _ happened?Yes,he told me all _ he knew.A.what;that B.what;what C.which;which D.that;that 42.I shall never forget those years _ I lived on the farm w
29、ith the farmers,_ has a great effect on my life.A.when;who B.that;which C.which;that D.when;which 43.The number of the people who _ cars _ increasing.A.owns;are B.owns;is C.own;is D.own;are 44.During the days _,he worked as a servant at the Browns.A.followed B.following C.to follow D.that followed 4
30、5.Is o*ygen the only gas _ helps fire burn?A.that B./C.which D.it 46.The clever boy made a hole in the wall,_ he could see _ was going on inside house.A.which;what B.through which;what C.through that;what D.what;that 47.Is _ some German friends visited last week?A.this school B.this the school C.thi
31、s school one D.this school where 48.John got beaten in the game,_ had been e*pected.A.as B.that C.what D.who 49.I have bought two ballpens,_ writes well.A.none of them B.neither of them C.neither of which D.none of which 50.All that can be eaten _ eaten up.A.are being B.has been C.had been D.have be
32、en 高一定语从句专项练习2 1.Nearly all the streets are in straight lines,_ from east to west.Those _ run from north to south are called avenues.A.running;that B.run;who C.running;who D.run;that 2.This is the case _ hes had all his money stolen.A.when B.where C.that D.on which 3.Mr.Smith will pay a visit to Bei
33、jing this autumn,_ we will enjoy the Olympic Games in 2021.A.where B.when C.which D.how 4.The artist will not paint people or animals but he will paint anything _.A.that the little girl asks him B.the little girl asks him to C.for the little girl to ask him D.what the little girl asks him 5.How did
34、you get in touch with the travel agent,Robin?Oh,thats easy.I surfed the Internet and then called one _ the telephone number is provided.A.which B.in which C.of which D.whose 6.October 15 th is my birthday,_ I will never forget.A.when B.that C.what D.which-.z 7.The treatment will continue until the p
35、atient reaches the point _ he can walk correctly and safely.A.when B.where C.which D.whose 8.There are several research centers in China _a certain disease called Bird Flu is being studied.A.which B.where C.when D.what 9.I hope that the little _ I have been able to do does good to them all.A.which B
36、.what C.that D.when 10.The time is not far away _ modern munications will beewidespread in Chinas vast countryside.A.as B.when C.until D.before 11._ is known to everybody,Taiwan is a part of China.We must unify it.A.It B.As C.Which D.What 12.I shall never forget the day _ Shen Zhou V was launched,_
37、has a great effect on my life.A.when,which B.that,which C.which,that D.when,that 13.The bread my wife makes is much better than _ you can buy at a store.A.that which B.one that C.that of which D.this of which 14.There is no such place _ you dream of in all this world.A.that B.what C.which D.as 15.Th
38、e people,_ had been damaged by the flood,were given help by the Red Cross.A.all whose homes B.all of whose homesC.all their homes D.all of their homes 16.The humans are destroying nature day by day,of course,will cause severe punishment from it sooner orlater.A.who B.when C.on which D.which 17.Is th
39、is research center _ you visited the modern equipment last year?A.where B.that C.the one that D.the one where 18.Some pictures of the river brought the days back to the old _ they swam in it.A.when B.that C.who D.where 19.The man showed us so heavy a stone _ no man can lift.A.that B.as C.which D.and
40、 20.He stayed there for quite a long time,during _ time he learned much spoken English.A.that B.this C.which D.same 高一定语从句专项练习3 1.Who is the woman is sweeping the floor over there?A.who B./C.that D.when 2.The doctoris leaving for Africa ne*t month.A.the nurse is talking to him B.whom the nurse is ta
41、lking C.the nurse is talking to D.who the nurse is talking 3.He talked about a hero no one had ever heard.A.of whom B.from whom C.about that D.who 4.Have you read the book I lent to you?A.that B.whom C.when D.whose 5.American women usually identify their best friend as someone _ they can talk freque
42、ntly.A.who B.as C.about which D.with whom 6.Recently I bought a second-hand car was very low.A.which price B.the price of whoseC.its price D.whose price 7.Lily,is Helen _you want to introduce me to?-.z A.that B.who C.whom D.the girl 8.The professors talked with us about the beautiful schools and the
43、 e*perienced teachers _they had seen.A.that B.who C.which D.what 9.This is the only bus _goes to the village school.A./B.that C.where D.it 10.Is there a shop around _sells China Daily?A.who B.where C.in which D.which 11.She was the only one of the girls in our class _ accepted as candidate for the p
44、resident of our Students Union.A.who was B.who were C.who has beenD.who have been 12.She is no longer the sweet little girl _ she used to be.A.what B.who C.when D.that 13.Is this the singer _songs you like best?A.whos B.whose C.which D the one whose 14.He got angry with _was against his opinion.A.wh
45、o B.whomever C.whoever D.no matter who 15.Anyone _with what I said may raise your hand.A.which agreesB.who agree C.who agrees D.which agree 16.Thats the dog _.A.weve been looking after B.after which weve been looking C.what weve been looking after D.weve been taking care for 17.This is the last time
46、 _ Ill give you a lesson.A.when B.that C.what D.as 18.The family _I stayed with in Paris are ing to London.A.whose B.which C.what D.whom 19.This is the very knife _ I used to cut apples yesterday.A.that B.by which C.which D.with which 20.China has many rivers,_the Yangtze River is the longest.A.whic
47、h B.in which C.among which D.one of which 21.The use they are _ the waste helps to save a lot of money.A.made of B.made from C.making up of D.making of 22.That tree,the branches _ are almost bare,is a very old one.A.whose B.in which C.of which D.of it 23.In the dark street,there wasnt a single perso
48、n _ she could turn for help.A.that B.who C.from whom D.to whom 24.What is the way Smith thought of _ enough money to buy the new house?A.getting B.having got C.being got D.to get 25.Jack spent as much time as he could _ over his lessons.A.going B.went C.go D.to go 26.The freezing point is the temper
49、ature _water changes into ice.A.at which B.on that C.when D.of which 27.I am impressed by the fact that he makes good use of every minute _ he can spare.A.that B.in which C.in that D.when 28.This is the last time _ I will write to you.A.when B.that C.what D.as-.z 29.I dont like the way _ he spoke to
50、 me.A.what B.by which C.by that D./30.The train _ he was traveling was delayed for more than an hour.A.by which B.on which C.for which D.on that 4真题回忆 1.We went through a period _ munications were very difficult in rural areas.(2021)A.which B.whose C.in which D.with which 2.Human facial e*pressions