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1、 现代大学英语中级写作，徐克容，外语教学与研究出版社 英语写作中级（上）课程教案 I 授课题目：一、教学目的、要求：（一）掌握：1、To learn the basics of exemplication:Definition Kinds of examples Sources of examples 2、To learn to outline expositive essays 知识点：The definition and introduction of exposition and essay.Exposition is explanatory writing.It s purpose i
2、s to explain or clarify.a point An essay is a related group of paragraphs written for some purpose （二）熟悉:Practice the basics of exemplification Practice outlining 知识点：Patterns of exposition,the choice of examples,the choice of appropriate examples,the organization of an exemplification essay:Types o
3、f essays,basic structures of an expositive essay,elements of the expositive essay Types of outline,rules concerning outline （三）了解：Patterns of exposition,types of essays,types of outline process analysis,cause-effect analysis,Comparison and contrast,classification,definition and analogy，narrative ess
4、ays,descriptive essays,expositive essays and argumentative essays 二、教学重点及难点：重点：Exemplification,types of outline；难点：Sentence outline and topic outline 三、课时安排：共 4 课时 四、授课方式：讲授、课堂快速阅读练习、课堂提问、写作实践讲解 五、教学基本内容 精品文库 第一課 Exemplification 第一課 Elements of the Essay:Outlining 六、参考书目：英语写作手册，美国大学英语写作 七、作业和思考题：第一次
5、：Read on the subject and write an example paper of 200-250 words on the given topic.第二次：Read on the subject and write an essay of 200-250 words on the given topic,using either a single extended example or two or three short ones to develop your thesis statement.第三次：Ask students to practice outlining
6、 八、课后小结：Emphasis on the writing procedure Prewriting-choosing a topic and exploring ideas Drafting:getting your ideas on paper Revising:strengthening your essay Editing and proofreading:eliminating technical errors 欢迎下载 2 精品文库 II 授课题目：一、教学目的、要求：（一）掌握：1、To learn the basics of process analysis Definit
7、ion Uses Types Methods 2、To learn to write thesis statement 知识点：The definiton and introduction of process analysis The function of process analysis The differences between thesis statement vs.topic sentence （二）熟悉:The areas the process analysis is usually used.知识点 Functions of process analysis:giving
8、 instructions,giving information and giving the history Major types of process analysis:directive analysis,informative process analysis Writing an effective thesis statement （三）了解：The basics of process writing and thesis statement 二、教学重点及难点：重点：Organization of a process paper,practice of effective th
9、esis statement；难点：Guidelines on process analysis,writing effective thesis ststement 三、课时安排：共 4 课时 四、授课方式：讲授、课堂快速阅读练习、课堂提问、写作实践讲解五、教学基本内容 第二課 Process Analysis 第二課 Elements of the essay:The Thesis Statement 六、参考书目：英语写作手册，美国大学英语写作 七、作业和思考题：第一次：Read on the subject and write an informative process paper
10、describing how you succeeded in doing something 欢迎下载 3 精品文库 第二次：Read on the subject and write a directive process paper telling first-year students how to adjust to life at college.第三次：Ask students to practise writing the thesis statement 八、课后小结：Emphasis on the writing procedure Prewriting-chossing
11、a topic and exploring ideas Drafting:getting your ideas on paper Revising:strengthening your essay Editing and proofreading:eliminating technical errors 欢迎下载 4 精品文库 授课题目：一、教学目的、要求：（一）掌握：1、To learn the basics of Cause-Effect analysis Definition Uses Patterns 2、To learn to write an introduction to exp
12、ositive essays What to include in the introduction How to write effective introduction 知识点：The definiton and introduction of cause-effect analysis The function of cause-effect analysis The writing of effective introduction （二）熟悉:The functions and areas the cause-effect analysis is usually used.知识点 F
13、unctions of cause-effect analysis:explaining why certain things happen,analyzing what will happen as a result Major types of cause-effect analysis:focusing on cause and focusing on effects,How to start and write effective introduction （三）了解：the basics of cause-effect analysis and writing effective i
14、ntroduction 二、教学重点及难点：重点：How to focus on cause or effects,How to start and write effective introduction；难点：How to focus on cause or effects,How to start and write effective introduction 三、课时安排：共 4 课时 四、授课方式：讲授、课堂快速阅读练习、课堂提问、写作实践讲解五、教学基本内容 第三課 Cause-Effect Analysis 第三課 Parts of the essay:The Introduc
15、tion 六、参考书目：英语写作手册，美国大学英语写作 七、作业和思考题：第一次：Read on the subject and write an essay on any of the given topics analyzing cause.欢迎下载 5 精品文库 第二次：Read on the subject and write,from your own experience,an essay analyzing the effects of anthing taught in class.第三次：Ask students to practise writing the introdu
16、ction 八、课后小结：Emphasis on the writing procedure Prewriting-chossing a topic and exploring ideas Drafting:getting your ideas on paper Revising:strengthening your essay Editing and proofreading:eliminating technical errors 欢迎下载 6 精品文库 授课题目：一、教学目的、要求：（一）掌握：1、To learn the basics of Comparison and Contras
17、t Definition Uses Patterns Methods 2、To learn to develop the body of expositive essays What its structure looks like?What it includes 知识点：The definiton and introduction of Comparison and Contrast The function of cause-effect analysis The writing of effective introduction （二）熟悉:The functions and area
18、s the comparison/contrast is usually used.,the general structure of the body of an essay 知识点 Functions of comparison/contrast:clarifying something unknown,bringing one or both of the subject into sharper shape Three patterns of comparison/contrast:subject by subject,point by point,mixed sequence Fam
19、iliarity of the general structure of the body of an essay （三）了解：The basics of Comparison and Contrast and the general structure of the body of an essay 二、教学重点及难点：重点：Three patterns of comparison/contrast:subject by subject,point by point,mixed sequence General structure of the body:Beginning,Body and
20、 End 难点：How to organize a comparison/contrast essay,How to develop body paragraphs 三、课时安排：共 4 课时 四、授课方式：讲授、课堂快速阅读练习、课堂提问、写作实践讲解五、教学基本内容 欢迎下载 7 精品文库 Emphasis on the writing procedure Prewriting-chossing a topic and exploring ideas Drafting:getting your ideas on paper Revising:strengthening your essay
21、 Editing and proofreading:eliminating technical errors 8 欢迎下载 第二次：第四課 Read on the subject and write a point-by-point essay of comparison/contraston any of the given topics 第四課 Parts of the essay:The Body 六、参考书目：英语写作手册，美国大学英语写作 七、作业和思考题：第一次：Read on the subject and write a subject-by-subject essay of
22、comparison/contraston any of the given topics Ask students to practise writing the body of the essay 第三次：八、课后小结：Comparison/Contrast 精品文库 授课题目：一、教学目的、要求：（一）掌握：1、To learn the basics of Classification Definition Uses Methods 2、To learn to write the conclusion of expositive essays What is classification
23、?What is classification used for?知识点：The definiton and introduction of classification The function of classification The writing of effective classification （二）熟悉:The functions and areas the classification is usually used.,the conclusion of expositive essays 知识点 Functions of classification:To organi
24、ze and perceive the world around us To present a mass of material by means of some orderly system To deal with complex or abstract topics by breaking a broad subject into smaller,neatly sorted categories.The general pattern of classification sentence patterns in classification Familiarity of the the
25、 conclusion of expositive essays （三）了解：The functions and areas the classification is usually used.,the conclusion of expositive essays 二、教学重点及难点：重点：some sentence patterns in classification the conclusion of expositive essays 欢迎下载 9 精品文库 难点：Parts of the conclusion:a summary of the main points,or rest
26、atements of your thesis in different work.三、课时安排：共 4 课时 四、授课方式：讲授、课堂快速阅读练习、课堂提问、写作实践讲解五、教学基本内容 第五課 classification 第五課 Parts of the essay:The conclusion 六、参考书目：英语写作手册，美国大学英语写作 七、作业和思考题：第一次：Read on the subject and write a classification essay on any of the given topics 第二次：Write an essay of 200-250 wo
27、rds on any of the given topics.第三次：Ask students to practise writing the conclusion of the essay 八、课后小结：Emphasis on the writing procedure Prewriting-chossing a topic and exploring ideas Drafting:getting your ideas on paper Revising:strengthening your essay Editing and proofreading:eliminating technic
28、al errors 欢迎下载 10 精品文库 授课题目：一、教学目的、要求：（一）掌握：1、To learn the basics of Definition Definition Types Methods of Organization 2、To learn to write the title of expositive essays What is definiton Types of definition 知识点：The Standard/Formal Definition The Connotative/Personal Definition The Extended Defini
29、tion （二）熟悉:The functions and areas the definition is usually used.,the title of expositive essays 知识点 Functions and patterns of definition:The Standard/Formal Definition is used to explain a term or concept your audience or reader may not know or understand,The Connotative/Personal Definition is use
30、d to explain any word or concept that doesnthave the same meaning for everyone.The Extended Definition is used to explore a topic by examining its various meanings and implications.（三）了解：How to write an extended definition How to organize an extended essay 二、教学重点及难点：重点：Functions and patterns of defi
31、nition How to write an extended definition How to write the title of an expositive essay 难点：How to organize an extended essay How to write the title of an expositive essay 欢迎下载 11 精品文库 三、课时安排：共 4 课时 四、授课方式：讲授、课堂快速阅读练习、课堂提问、写作实践讲解五、教学基本内容 第六課 definition 第六課 Parts of the essay:The Title 六、参考书目：英语写作手册，
32、美国大学英语写作 七、作业和思考题：第一次：Read on the subject and write a definition essay on any of the given topics 第二次：Write an essay of 200-250 words on any of the given topics.第三次：Ask students to practise writing the title of the essay 八、课后小结：Emphasis on the writing procedure Prewriting-choosing a topic and explor
33、ing ideas Drafting:getting your ideas on paper Revising:strengthening your essay Editing and proofreading:eliminating technical errors 欢迎下载 12 精品文库 In talking with other people,we sometimes offer informal definitions to explain just what we mean by a particular term.That is,to avoid confusion or mis
34、understanding,we have to define a word,term,or concept which is unfamiliar to most readers or open to various interpretations.Suppose,for example,we say to a friend:”Forrest is really an inconsiderate person.”We might then explain what we mean by“inconsiderate ”by saying,“He borrowed my accounting b
35、ook overnight but didn treturn it for a week.And when I got it back,it was covered with coffee stains.Definition is the explanation of the meaning of a word or concept,and it is also a method of developing an essay.There are three basic ways to define a word or term A.To give a synonym For example:T
36、o mend is to repair.”Or“A fellow is a man or a boy.”B.To use a sentence(often with an attributive clause)For example,ink may be define in a sentence:“Ink is colored water which we use for writing.”C.To write a paragraph or even an essay But a synonymy or a sentence cannot give a satisfactory definit
37、ion of an abstract term whose meaning is complex.We have to write a paragraph or an essay with examples or negative examples(what the term does not mean),with analogies or comparisons,with classification or cause-effect analysis.1.First,we should avoid circular definitions.“Democracy is the democrat
38、ic process.”And“astronomer is one who studies astronomy”are circular definition.2.Second,we should avoid long lists of synonyms if the term to be defined is an abstract one.For example:By imagination,I mean the power to form mental images of objects,the power to form new ideas,the gift of employing
39、images in writing,and the tendency to attribute reality to unreal things,situations and states.欢迎下载 13 精品文库 (picking up words,expressions from a dictionary,in the hope that one will hit)3.Third,we should avoid loaded definition,Loaded definitions do not explain terms but make an immediate appeal for
40、 emotional approval.A definition like:By state enterprise,I mean high cost and poor efficiency.”is loaded with pejorative emotional connotation.Conversely,“By state enterprise,I mean one of the great blessing of democratic planning”is loaded with favorable emotional connotation.Such judgements can b
41、e vigorious to a discussion,but they lead to argument,not clarification,when offered as definition.1.Standard/Formal definition-denotation is a word s core,direct,and literal meaning.2.Connotative/Personal meaning-Explains what you mean by a certain term or concept that could have different meanings
42、 for others.On the other hand,connotation is the implied,suggested meaning of a word;it refers to the emotional response stimulated by associations the word carries with it.A.For Americans,Water gate is associated with a political scandal that means dishonesty.And more words are created with the suf
43、fix gate to mean some scandal in English now,thus,Iran Gate,Intelligence Gate B.Dogs,in Chinese culture,may be quite a negative image.It is insulting to call someone a dog.What about the western people?In their eyes,dog is lovely and has good associated meanings.They say“Love me,love my dog.”C.Imper
44、ialism means to us Chinese quite negative.Some of the western people may be proud of being imperial and imperialism itself.D.People everywhere may also share some connotations for some words.They are general connotations.Mother means love,care,selfless,etc.E.Lets get the gang together for a party to
45、night.(a group)Dontgo around with that gang or you ll come to no good.(degraded group of people or group of criminals)Connotation can make all the difference.It is the mirror of your attitude.欢迎下载 14 精品文库 3.Extended definition-is an essay length piece of writing using this method of development.V.Ho
46、w to write an extended definition Follow 4 rules for a good definition:1.Don t use the words“when “where ”nition,giving.A commonadefi practice is to define the noun with a noun,adjective with adjective and so on.2.Remember,that definition is not a repetition.3.Use simple and well-known term in your
47、explanation.4.Point out the distinguishing features of the term.Unit Six Task Two:The Title I.What is title?A title is a very brief summary of what your paper is about.It is often no more than several words.You may find it easier to write the title after you have completed your paper.A title may be
48、a phrase which can indicate a topic of interest(i.e.your focus)and at the same time point towards a particular kind of discussion(your mode of argument).Accordingly,your title needs not only to indicate what the essay will be about,but also to indicate the point of view it will adopt concerning what
49、ever it is about.II.The purpose of the title To give the reader an idea of what the essay is about To provide focus for the essay To arouse the reader s interest III.How to write a good title Make it clear,concise and precise Use a phrase rather than a sentence Exclude all extra words IV.Other rules
50、 to obey Center it at the top of the first page.Use no period at the end or quotation marks Capitalize the first and last words Capitalize all other words except articles(a,the)the to in infinitives prepositions containing one syllable 欢迎下载 15 精品文库 coordinating conjunctions(and,but,or,etc)A title le