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1、 学英语 找长喜 1 四级听力长对话 第六堂 如何把握对话主题 学会把握长对话的主题，攻克长对话中的主旨题，并为理解细节信息打好基础。对于一篇长对话，主旨题一般只有一道，有时甚至没有，但这并不意味着了解长对话的主旨大意不重要。事实上，如果没有对对话主旨的把握，想要抓住关键的事实细节是很难的。主旨题主要考查的是考生对谈话的主题、谈话的场景或谈话的目的的把握。常见的提问方式有：What is the main topic of the conversation?What is the conversation mainly about?What are the speakers discussin
2、g?Whats the purpose of?要把握长对话的主旨，应该注意以下几点：一、利用各题选项推测对话主题 将各题所考查的主题内容以及同类词语结合在一起，往往可以大致推出整篇对话的主题。关于这一点，我们在上一堂课中已经讲过，考生要学以致用。二、特别留意对话的开头和结尾 对话开头说话人往往会交代出对话要谈论的主要内容，或是明确此次对话的主要目的。另外，对话结尾经常也会含有总结性或概括性的语言，也能够体现出对话的主旨。三、注意重复或多次出现的同类词语 对话的主要内容理所当然会得到说话人的强调，而一个非常重要、也是非常明显的强调方式就是重复。对话中说话人多次提到的内容，往往就是对话的主题。四、
3、优先选择概括性强的选项 主旨题是考查对话的主题，因此正确选项必定具有较强的概括性。如果选项中出现比较抽象的概括性的词语，或者该选项能够包含其他几个选项的内容，那么该选项则很有可能为答案。【例】(06-12Conversation One)【预览选项】19.A To go boating on the St.Lawrence River.B To go sightseeing in Quebec Province.C To call on a friend in Quebec City.D To attend a wedding in Montreal.20.A Study the map of
4、 Quebec Province.B Find more about Quebec City.C Brush up on her French.D Learn more about the local customs.21.A Its most beautiful in summer.B It has many historical buildings.C It was greatly expanded in the 18th century.D Its the only French speaking city in Canada.【预测信息】预览三道题各选项，选项中多次出现的 Quebec
5、 等地名以及 sightseeing,local customs,historical buildings提示，对话主题可能与到Quebec的旅行有关，可能涉及对Quebec Province,Quebec City 及 Montreal 的情况介绍。19选项均为不定式短语，并具有较强的概括性，故问题可能是关于去某地的目的，听音时 学英语 找长喜 2 应留意对话开头，并重点搞清去“哪里”做“什么”。20结合主题和C中的 her 推测，问题可能是关于女士旅行前的准备，选项均以动词原形开头，很可能是男士对女士的建议。21选项都是对 It(应该是地方)的介绍，结合主题推测，问题可能与 Quebec
6、或 Montreal 的情况有关。【听音验证】W:Hey,Bob,guess what?19 Im going to visit Quebec next summer.Im invited to go to a friends wedding.But while Im there,Id also like to do some sightseeing.M:Thats nice,Sherry.But do you mean the province of Quebec or Quebec City?W:I mean the province.19 My friends wedding is in
7、 Montreal,so Im going there first.Ill stay for five days.Is Montreal the capital city of the province?【答案解析】19.Whats the womans main purpose of visiting Quebec?【解析】选D。主旨题。对话开头女士即交代了自己去 Quebec 的目的是去参加朋友的婚礼(go to a friends wedding)，而由她后面的话可知她朋友的婚礼是在 Montreal(Quebec 省的一个城市)举行，故答案为D。解答本题的重点在于抓住关键词 weddi
8、ng。20.What does the man advise the woman to do before the trip?M:Well,many people think so because its the biggest city,but its not the capital.Quebec City is.But Montreal is great.The St.Lawrence River runs right through the middle of the city.Its beautiful in summer.W:Wow,and do you think I can ge
9、t by in English?My French is OK,but not that good.I know most people there speak French,but can I also use English?M:Well,people speak both French and English there,but youll hear French most of the time and all the street signs are in French.In fact,Montreal is the third largest Frenchspeaking city
10、 in the world.So 20 youd better practice your French before you go.W:Good advice.What about Quebec City?Ill visit a friend from college who lives there now.Whats it like?M:Its a beautiful city,very old.21Many old buildings have been nicely restored.Some of them were built in the 17th and 18th centur
11、ies.Youll love there.W:Fantastic.I cant wait to go.【解析】选C。细节题。女士问男士她去 Montreal 能不能说英语，男士告诉女士 Montreal是世界上第三大说法语的城市，所以他建议女士在旅行前最好先练习一下法语，brush up on相当于 practice，故答案为C。男士话中的 Youd better是典型的建议句式。21.What does the man say about Quebec City?【解析】选 B。细节题。对话结尾，女士向男士询问 Quebec 市的情况，男士介绍说 Quebec市是一座美丽而古老的城市(a b
12、eautiful city,very old)，有很多古老的建筑都被很好地进行了修缮，其中一些是建于 17 和 18 世纪，old buildings 相当于 historical buildings，由此可知答案为B。Conversation One【做题提示】预览三道题各选项，对话可能与有关。1.选项具有概括性，问题可能考查。1.A A job interview.B The work routine of a postman.C The responsibility of a postman.D The reform of the post 学英语 找长喜 3 2.问题可能是关于。3.问
13、题可能是关于男士。2.A Deliver a second lot of letters.B Sort more letters and parcels.C Have a cup of tea.D Deliver advertising things.3.A His wife doesnt like him to do that.B He has an evening school to attend.C He has a parttime job at night.D He feels too tired to do that.Conversation Two【做题提示】预览三道题各选项，对
14、话可能与有关。1.选项具有概括性，问题可能考查。2.问题可能是关于男士。3.听音时应留意，并听清问什么。1.A Why the man must take a science course.B Which science teachers are the best.C Which science course the man should take.D Which science course the speakers have taken.2.A Hes thinking of becoming a science major.B He wants to study medicine aft
15、er graduation.C His parents insist that he take one.D The school requires it for graduation.3.A Geology.B Chemistry.C Physics.D Astronomy.Conversation Three【做题提示】预览三道题各选项，对话可能与有关。1.选项具有概括性，问题可能考查。2.It 可能指，问题可能是关于它的。3.听音时应留意，并听清问什么。1.A The research paper on ancient society.B Some strange events in Pe
16、ru.C The ancient mysterious events.D Their visit to the history museum.2.A It is very high.B It never rusts.C It looks the same as the Eiffel Tower.D It has a longer history than human being.3.A The origin of human beings.B Modern spacesuits.C The visit of ET to the earth.D People who look like astr
17、onauts.Conversation Four【做题提示】预览四道题各选项，对话可能与工作有关,很可能会涉及到工作的和。1选项具有概括性，问题可能考查。 学英语 找长喜 4 2问题可能是关于。3问题可能是关于女士。4听音时应留意，听清问什么。1.A The chance to find a parttime job.B The application for a volunteer work.C The training process of a volunteer.D The benefits of being a volunteer.2.A Sort and hand out food.
18、B Do public relations.C Get donations from companies.D Handle the donations at the warehouse.3.A To see which bus he can take to the workplace.B To assign him to a workplace near his house.C To mail him relevant information about volunteer.D To send a letter of thanks to his family.4.A On Wednesdays
19、.B On Thursdays.C On Fridays.D On Saturdays.Conversation Five【做题提示】预览四道题各选项，对话可能与有关。1选项具有概括性，问题可能考查。2问题可能与有关。3问题可能是关于男士的。1.A Types of leaves that can be applied for.B Applying for a semestral leave.C Getting advice from a college dean.D Checking the final exam results.2.A If he has good academic per
20、formance.B If he is not in good health.C If he is not sure of returning to the university.D If he needs to take a two semester leave.3.A Speak to the dean of his college.B Get permission from his professors.C Visit the university health services.D Get his deans or his advisors signature.4问题可能是关于男士的。
21、4.A Consult with his professors.B Pick up a leave form at the register.C Call on his dean or advisor.D Check his academic standing.Conversation One【听力原文】W:1 What time do you leave home in the morning,Tom? 学英语 找长喜 5 M:I always get up at 4 oclock.I leave home at about 5 oclock.W:And what time do you s
22、tart work?M:I start work at 5:30.W:1 And what do you do when you get to the post office?M:1 I sort my letters.W:What exactly do you mean sort your letters?M:Well,I have a walk.Every postman has his or her walk.That means that I deliver all the letters for the houses on certain streets.The streets wh
23、ere those houses arethats my walk.W:So you sort the letters for the houses in your walk.M:Yes.1 I go up one side of each street and down the other side.So before I leave the post office,I put all the letters in the correct order.Then I put a rubber band round each lot of letters and I pack the lette
24、rs in my bag.When Im ready,I go out and 1 deliver the letters.W:2 So what time do you finish your delivery?M:It dependserbetween 9:30 and 10 oclock.W:2 What do you do then?M:2 I have a cup of tea.Then I sort some more letters,orsometimes I sort parcels.W:Do you deliver a second lot of letters?M:No,w
25、e dont often make a second delivery these days,only at Christmas time.But occasionally we deliver special letters,official letters,letters or advertising things.W:I see.1 So what time do you finish work?M:I usually finish about 2 oclock.W:Do you ever work at night?M:No,3 I never work at night.Betty,
26、my wife,she doesnt like me to work at night.W:Thank you,Tom.M:Its a pleasure.【答案解析】预览三道题各选项，对话可能与邮递员的工作日程有关。1.What is the conversation mainly about?【提示】选项均为名词短语，且具有概括性，问题可能考查对话的主题。【解析】选B。主旨题。由男士话中出现的 sortletters 和 deliver the letters 可知男士是一位邮递员，对话从开始便围绕着男士的工作时间和工作内容而展开，由此可知对话主要是关于一个邮递员的日常工作程序，故答案为B。
27、2.Whats the first thing the man does after finishing his delivery of letters every day?【提示】选项均以动词原形开头，结合主题推测，问题可能是关于邮递员的工作程序。【解析】选C。细节题。对话中男士提到他大概每天 9:30 到 10:00 之间送完信件，女士问他之后会做什么，男士回答说他会喝杯茶，然后接着整理更多的信件，有时候会整理包裹，由此可知男士送完信件之后的第一件事情就是喝茶，故答案为C。3.Why does the man never work at night?【提示】问题可能是关于男士晚上不能做某事
28、的原因。【解析】选A。细节题。男士说他从来没有在晚上工作过，因为他的妻子不愿意让他晚上工作，故答案为A。Conversation Two【听力原文】M:Margaret,1 could you give me some advice?W:What about,Ron? 学英语 找长喜 6 M:Well,Ive put off doing my science requirements for three years.W:1 2 And if you want to graduate this year,youve got to take a science course.M:Right.I f
29、igured since youre doing premed youd know about the various courses.W:Well,Ive had to take biology,chemistry,math and physics.What you need is a good introductory course for noscience majors.M:Yes,but 1 Im really weak in math I did poorly in it in high school.Im really puzzled why I have been so ter
30、rible in math until now.W:Well,1 youd better avoid chemistry and physics.How about biology?That maybe suits you very well.M:I also hope so,but the problem is the lab.Im a little squeamish about dissecting things.W:That is a problem.1 What about astronomy?Everybody says Dr.Cooley is great,and Id take
31、 that course myself if I had the time.M:Thats what I thought Id take,but it meets at the same time as my modern drama course.Any other course?W:1 3 Geology is pretty interesting,and cutting up rocks shouldnt bother you.M:3 Thats a good idea it even fits in with my hobby of mountain climbing.Thanks a
32、 lot.【答案解析】预览三道题各选项，对话可能与选课有关。1.What is the conversation mainly about?【提示】选项具有概括性，问题可能考查对话的主题。【解析】选C。主旨题。男士今年必须要选一门理科课程（a science course），所以他来向女士请教他应该选什么理科课程，在得知男士数学不好的情况下，女士建议男士不要选化学和物理，并建议他可以选生物，天文学或是地质学，最终只有地质学符合男士的心意，由此可知，对话主要在探讨男士应该选什么样的理科课程，故答案为C。2.Why is the man going to take a science course
33、?【提示】结合主题推测，问题可能是关于男士选某门课程的原因。【解析】选D。推断题。女士说如果男士想今年毕业，他就必须得选一门理科课程，由此可推知男士选理科课程是因为学校的规定：必须选修理科课程才能毕业，故答案为D。3.What course will the man probably take?【提示】听音时应留意与课程相关的信息，并听清问什么。【解析】选A。细节题。关于男士应该选哪门理科课程，女士给出了许多建议，最终她建议男士选地质学(Geology)，男士对此也表示认同（Thats a good idea），由此可知男士很可能会选地质学，故答案为A。Conversation Three【听
34、力原文】M:Youre very quiet,Ann.What are you thinking about?W:This book about 1 Stonehenge.It reminds me of another book I once read about 1 mysterious objects and places.M:It sounds interesting.What sort of things do you mean?W:I dont remember the name of the writer,but he found some 1 quartz beads in P
35、eru that had tiny holes drilled in them.M:Whats strange about that?W:Theyve only just developed a commercial drill that could make such holes.M:Do you remember any other examples? 学英语 找长喜 7 W:Yes,theres 1 2 an iron tower in India.Its at least 1,500 years old,but it never rusts.M:Wait a minute!I reme
36、mber reading about lots of lines on the ground dating from about A.D.500.It was somewhere in Peru again,I think.W:I dont see anything strange about that!M:I havent finished.1 You can only see what the lines represent from high in the air.W:And there were no aeroplanes in those days or were there?M:O
37、h,stop it.Of course,there werent!W:I think its the same book.Its got a lot of photos in it of 1 3 cave drawings showing people who look like astronauts.M:And why do you think they look like astronauts?W:Because they have helmets and clothes that look like modern spacesuits.【答案解析】预览三道题各选项，对话可能与神秘事件有关
38、。1.What is the conversation mainly about?【提示】选项均为名词短语，且具有概括性，问题可能考查对话的主题。【解析】选C。主旨题。对话由一本关于 Stonehenge(巨石阵)的书引出另一本讲述神秘事物和地方(mysterious objects and places)的书，他们由此谈论了该书中记录的神秘事件：带有现代工具才能钻出细孔的水晶珠子、千年不朽的铁塔、在高空才能看出图形的古代线条以及酷似宇航员的人物山洞图画，由此可知对话主要谈论的是古代神秘事件，故答案为C。2.Whats strange about the iron tower in India
39、?【提示】选项中的 rusts 和 tower 表明，It 可能指铁塔，问题可能是关于它的特殊之处。【解析】选B。细节题。女士说印度有一座铁塔，已经有 1500 年的历史了，但很奇怪的是它一点都没有生锈(never rusts)，故答案为B。3.What do those cave drawings show according to the woman?【提示】听音时应留意与各选项内容相关的信息，并听清问什么。【解析】选D。细节题。女士说她看的那本书中有许多山洞壁画照片，它们呈现了一些酷似宇航员的人物，故答案为D。Conversation Four【听力原文】M:Hi,1 Id like t
40、o do some volunteering for the local food bank,that is,if they are looking for volunteers right now.W:Sure,we are.Whats your name,sir?M:Oh,sorry.Im Terry.W:No problem,Terry.We are always looking for new volunteers!Now,there are lots of different types of jobs available at the food bank,from doing pu
41、blic relations,where we try to get donations from local companies and the general public,to handle and sort the donations at our warehouse.What do you think best suits your interests?M:Hmm.1 2 Well,I just thought Id like to work at the grassroots level,you know working with the public at one of the
42、food bank locations.I have a friend who used to be a volunteer,and she loved it!W:Oh,that sounds great,so I just have to ask you about your availability throughout the week.Our food bank hours are from 9 am till noon.3 Also,where do you live?We like to match our volunteers up with where they live,th
43、is way you dont have to travel too far.M:I live downtown.And Im available every morning.4 However,Thursday and Friday 学英语 找长喜 8 would probably work best for me.W:Well,we like volunteers to stick around and those days work well for us too.2 1 It looks like the food bank and the downtown community cen
44、tre is presently looking for volunteers to sort and hand out food hampers.4 They get together every Friday.M:Wow.That was easy!Do I just show up this week?W:Yes,that would be great.Now the coordinator,his name is John,will be expecting you.Hell introduce you to the other volunteers and set you up wi
45、th all you need to know.Thanks,Terry.Have fun.【答案解析】预览四道题各选项，对话可能与志愿者工作有关,很可能会涉及到工作的内容和时间安排。1.Whats the conversation mainly about?【提示】选项均为名词短语，且具有概括性，故问题可能考查对话的主题。【解析】选B。主旨题。对话一开始男士就说他想来地方食品施舍处(the local food bank)做一些志愿性质的工作，女士表示欢迎，接下来她又介绍了地方食品施舍处的工作种类并询问男士的工作喜好，最终男士得到了一份满意的志愿工作，由此可知对话主要是关于申请志愿工作，故答
46、案为B。2.What will the man be assigned to do?【提示】选项均以动词原形开头，结合选项内容和对话主题可推测，问题可能是关于志愿者工作的工作内容。【解析】选 A。细节题。对话中男士提到他想做一些基层工作(work at the grassroots level)，比如说在地方食品施舍处与民众打交道，于是女士根据男士的住址把他分配到了市中心社区的食品施舍处，负责分类发放食品篮(sort and hand out food hampers)，故答案为A。3.Why does the woman want to know where the man lives?【提
47、示】选项均以动词不定式开头，选项中的 he，his，him 提示，问题可能是关于女士做某事的目的或原因。【解析】选B。细节题。女士问男士住在哪里，接着又解释这么问是为了可以把志愿者的工作地和他们的居住地相匹配，这样男士就不用走太远的路，也就是说女士会根据男士的住址把他分配到离家较近的工作地点，故答案为B。4.When is the man most likely to do volunteering?【提示】听音时应留意与时间点相关的信息，并听清问什么。【解析】选C。细节题。男士说周四和周五对他来说是最佳的工作时间，而女士给男士分配的任务是在周五，所以男士最可能是每周五来做志原者工作，故答案为
48、C。Conversation Five【听力原文】M:Um,1 I need to take the semester off.W:OK,can you tell me why youre taking a leave?M:Cant I just say its for personal reasons?W:Um,yes,you can,but there are 1 different types of leaves,and what your circumstances are will determine what type of leave you should apply for.1
49、 2 So if youre in good academic standing,you can apply for a personal leave.But if youre having problems academically,then youd have to apply for 1 a conditional leave.M:Whats that?W:Uh,2 that means youd have to be on leave for at least two semesters,and the dean of your college might give other req
50、uirements to make sure youre ready to return and go into 学英语 找长喜 9 fulltime study.M:So its either I apply for a personal leave or a conditional leave?W:Theres one other type,1 3 a medical leave.For this type,youll have to consult the University Health Services,and upon their recommendation,your leav