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1、2013年高考真题-英语精校精析2013大纲全国卷第一部分英语知识运用(共两节，满分45分)第一节单项填空(共15小题；每小题1分，满分15分)从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。21Im sorry I made a mistake! _. Nobody is perfect.A. Take your time B. Youre right CWhatever you say D. Take it easy21D考查情景交际。句意：很抱歉，我犯错了！别着急。没有人是完美的。根据说话人道歉的语境，答话人应给予安慰，故选D。A项表示“从容做， 不慌不忙”；B项表示“你说得对
2、”；C项表示“无论你说什么”。22 Would you like to _ with us to the film tonight?A. come along B. come off C. come across D. come through22A考查动词短语。句意：你愿意和我们今晚一起去看电影吗？ come along意为“随同，伴随”；come off 意为“除去，举行，与分离”；come across 意为“被理解，偶然遇见”；come through意为“康复，履行诺言”。23 I was glad to meet Jenny again, _ I didnt want to spe
3、nd all day with her.A. but B. and Cso Dor23A考查连词。句意：我很高兴又遇见了珍妮， 不过我不想花整天的时间和她在一起。后面分句中的didnt表示否定，由此可知这里是转折的意思。24 When I arrived, Bryan took me to see the house _ I would be staying.A. what B. when C. where D. which 24.C考查定语从句。句意：当我到了的时候，布莱恩带我去看我要居住的房子。 where引导定语从句，先行词the house在从句中作地点状语。25 I got to t
4、he office earlier that day, _ the 7：30 train from Paddington.Acaught B. to have caught C. to catch D. having caught25D考查非谓语动词。句意：因为赶上了七点半从帕丁顿始发的火车，所以那天我到办公室比较早。此句考查分词作原因状语，having done表示分词的动作和主语是主动关系且发生在谓语动词动作之前。26 Since nobody gave him any help, he _ have done the research on his own.A. can B. must
5、C. would D. need26B考查情态动词。句意：既然没有人给他任何帮助，他一定是自己做的那项研究。此处用must表示接近事实的推测。can能够，也可以用在一般疑问句或否定句中表示推测，意为“怎么可能或不可能”；would过去常常，愿意；need需要。27 We _ very early so we packed the night before.A. leave B. had left C. were leaving Dhave left27C考查动词时态。句意：我们将很早就动身，所以我们前一天晚上就收拾好了行李。根据后面的时间状语the night before可知是前一天晚上，准
6、备第二天的事情，属于过去将来，这里使用过去进行时表示过去将来时。28.The watch was very good, and he _ 20 percent down for it.Apaid BcostCbought Dspent28A考查动词。句意：这块表很好，并且他以八折的价格购买了它。payfor为支付；cost的主语是物；buyfor给购买。29 It may not be a great suggestion. But before _ is put forward, well make do with it.A. a good one B. a better one C. th
7、e best one D. a best one29B考查形容词比较级。句意：这可能不是一个好的建议。但是在一个更好的建议被提出来之前，我们先将就着用这个。 根据句意可知需用比较级。30 It was only after he had read the papers _ Mr. Gross realized the task before him was extremely difficult to complete.Awhen B. that C. which D. what30B考查强调句型。句意：只有在读了这些文件后，格罗斯先生才意识到他面临的任务很难完成。此句是对only引导的时间状
8、语从句的强调。省略了It wasthat之后，句子结构仍完整。31 A serious study of physics is impossible _ some knowledge of mathematics.A. against B. before C. beyond D. without31D考查介词。句意：一项严肃的物理学研究，没有一些数学知识是不可能完成的。 against作介词，意为“(表示态度)反对，(表示方位)紧靠着”；before意为“在之前，先于，优于，当着的面”；beyond意为“超过，越过”；without意为“没有，缺乏”。32 Only by increasing
9、 the number of doctors by 50 percent _ properly in this hospital.A. can be the patients treated B. can the patients be treatedC. the patients can be treated Dtreated can be the patients32B考查倒装句。句意：医生的数量只有增加50%之后，病人们才能在医院里得到良好的治疗。 only加上强调的介词短语、状语或状语从句置于句首，句子需用部分倒装。33 Four and _ half hours of discuss
10、ion took us up to midnight，and _ break for cheese，chocolate and tea with sugar.Aa; a B. the; the C/; the Da; /33A考查冠词。句意：四个半小时的讨论一直持续到半夜，我们休息了一下，吃点奶酪、巧克力，喝点加糖的茶。four and a half hours四个半小时；后面a break表示“休息一下”。34 Its an eitheror situationwe can buy a new car this year or we can go on holiday but we cant
11、 do _.Aothers B. either Canother D. both34D考查代词。句意：这是一个非此即彼的情形今年我们可以购买一辆新车，我们也可以去度假，但是我们不能两者兼得。前面已经提到要么做这件事，要么做另外一件事，只能选其一，所以后面是一个部分否定，notboth表示部分否定。35Are you sure you wont come for a drink with us? _ ，if you insist.A. Not at all B. It depends C. All right then DI dont care35C考查情景交际。句意：你确信你不来和我们喝一杯吗
12、？既然你这么坚持，那么好吧。根据后面的if you insist如果你坚持的话，说明答话人认为既然人家那么坚持，不如就接受对方的建议。第二节完形填空(共20小题； 每小题1.5分，满分30分)阅读下面短文，从短文后各题所给的四个选项(A、 B、C 和 D)中，选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。Michael Greenberg is a very popular New Yorker. He is not famous in sports or the arts. But people in the streets _36_ him, especially those who are _37_Fo
13、r those people, he is “Gloves” Greenberg. How did he get that _38_？ He looks like any other businessman, wearing a suit and carrying a briefcase (公文箱). But hes _39_. His briefcase always has some gloves. In winter，Mr.Greenberg does not _40_ like other New Yorkers，who look at the sidewalk and _41_ th
14、e street.He looks around at _42_He stops when he _43_ someone with no gloves.He gives them a pair and then he _44_ ，looking for more people with cold _45_ On winter days，Mr.Greenberg _46_ gloves.During the rest of the year，he _47_ gloves.People who have heard about him _48_ him gloves，and he has man
15、y in his apartment. Mr. Greenberg _49_ doing this 21 years ago. Now, many poor New Yorkers know him and _50_ his behavior. But people who dont know him are sometimes _51_ him. They dont realize that he just wants to make them_52_ It runs in the _53_Michaels father always helped the poor as he believ
16、ed it made everyone happier. Michael Greenberg feels the _54_A pair of gloves may be a _55_ thing，but it can make a big difference in winter.36A.know about B. learn from C. cheer for D. look after37A. old B. busy C. kind Dpoor38A. job B. name C. chance D. message39A.calm Bdifferent Ccrazy Dcurious40
17、A.act Bsound Cfeel Ddress41A.cross over B. drive along C. hurry down D. keep off42A. cars B. people C. street numbers D. traffic lights43A.helps Bchooses Cgreets Dsees44A.holds up Bhangs out Cmoves on Dturns around45A.hands B. ears Cfaces D. eyes46A. searches for B. stores up Cgives away D. puts on4
18、7A. borrows B. sells Creturns D. buys48A. call B. send C. lend D. show49A. delayed B. remembered C. began D. enjoyed50A.understand Bdislike Cstudy Dexcuse51A.sorry for Bsatisfied with Cproud of Dsurprised by52A.smart Brich Cspecial Dhappy53A.city Bfamily Cneighborhood Dcompany54A.honor Bpain Csame D
19、cold55A.small Buseful Cdelightful Dcomforting【要点综述】 本文是一篇记叙文。在纽约，格林贝尔格是一个很受人们喜爱的人，这不是因为他是什么大人物，而是因为他的行为：在冬天，他通过送手套给人们带来温暖。36A考查动词短语及语境理解。根据与前句构成的转折意义可以推知，街上的人们都了解(know about)他。 37D考查形容词及语境理解。联系倒数第二段中的many poor New Yorkers，说明特别是那些贫穷的(poor)人都了解他。 38B考查名词及语境理解。由下文中的He gives them a pair可知 “Gloves” Green
20、berg意为“手套”格林贝尔格，所以该句的意思是：他是怎么得到那个称谓(name)的呢？ 39B考查形容词及语境理解。结合下文中的“His briefcase always has some gloves”，再联系上文的描述，可知他与众不同(different)。40A考查动词及语境理解。根据下文中who引导的从句的意思可以推知，他不像其他人那样做事(act)。 41C考查动词短语及语境理解。此处的动作是和上文中的look at连续发生的，所以是在路边匆匆走过去(hurry down)。 42B考查名词及语境理解。联系下文中的“He stops when he someone with no
21、gloves.”可知，他向周围的人(people)看过去，寻找没有手套的人。 43D考查动词及语境理解。当他看到(sees)有人没有手套，他就送给他们一副。 44C考查动词短语及语境理解。手套送完之后就继续走(moves on)。hold up 意为“举起”；hang out意为“晾晒”；turn around意为“转身”。 45A考查名词及语境理解。他寻找没戴手套的人，也就是寻找更多的冷手(hands)。 46C考查动词短语及语境理解。根据上一段的语境可知，在冬天Michael Greenberg赠(gives away)手套。 47D考查动词及语境理解。Michael Greenberg
22、要分发好多手套，所以他要购买(buys)手套。 48B考查动词及语境理解。联系句中的he has many in his apartment 可以推知，了解他的人也会送给(send)他手套。 49C考查动词及语境理解。此处叙述他是怎么做这件事情的。格林贝尔格是21年前开始的(began)。 50A考查动词及语境理解。有人给他送手套，说明好多人理解(understand)他的行为。 51D考查固定短语及语境理解。不了解他的人当然会对他的行为感到吃惊(surprised by)。 52D考查形容词及语境理解。根据上文中的“But people who dont know him are somet
23、imes him.” 可知，人们没有意识到格林贝尔格是为了让他们高兴(happy)。 53B考查名词及语境理解。联系下文中的“Michaels father always helped the poor as he believed it made everyone happier.”可知，他的整个家庭(family)都这么做。 54C考查语境理解。格林贝尔格也有同样的感受，所以他才会也这么做。 55A考查形容词及语境理解。此处是对上文的总结：一副手套可能是一件小(small)事情，但是在冬天却会有很大的作用。第二部分阅读理解 (共20小题；每小题2分，满分40分)阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四
24、个选项(A、 B、 C和D)中，选出最佳选项。A Doctors are known to be terrible pilots. They dont listen because they already know it all. I was lucky: I became a pilot in 1970, almost ten years before I graduated from medical school. I didnt realize then, but becoming a pilot makes me a better surgeon. I loved flying. A
25、s I flew bigger, faster planes, and in worse weather, I learned about crew resource management (机组资源管理), or CRM, a new idea to make flying safer. It means that crew members should listen and speak up for a good result, regardless of positions. I first read about CRM in 1980. Not long after that, an
26、attending doctor and I were flying in bad weather. The controller had us turn too late to get our landing ready. The attending doctor was flying; I was safety pilot. He was so busy because of the bad turn, he had forgotten to put the landing gear (起落架) down. He was a better pilotand my bossso it fel
27、t unusual to speak up. But I had to: Our lives were in danger. I put aside my uneasiness and said, “We need to put the landing gear down now！” That was my first real lesson in the power of CRM, and Ive used it in the operating room ever since. CRM requires that the pilot/surgeon encourage others to
28、speak up. It further requires that when opinions are from the opposite, the doctor doesnt overreact, which might prevent fellow doctors from voicing opinions again. So when Im in the operating room, I ask for ideas and help from others. Sometimes theyre not willing to speak up. But I hope that if I
29、continue to encourage them, someday someone will keep me from “landing_gear_up”56What does the author say about doctors in general? A. They like flying by themselves. B. They are unwilling to take advice. C. They pretend to be good pilots. D. They are quick learners of CRM.57The author deepened his
30、understanding of the power of CRM when_ A. he saved the plane by speaking up B. he was in charge of a flying task C. his boss landed the plane too late D. his boss operated on a patient58In the last paragraph “landing gear up” probably means_Afollowing flying requirementsBoverreacting to different o
31、pinionsClistening to what fellow doctors sayDmaking a mistake that may cost lives59Which of the following can be the best title for the text?ACRM：A New Way to Make Flying SafeBFlying Makes Me a Better DoctorCThe Making of a Good PilotDA PilotTurned Doctor【要点综述】 这是一篇记叙文。医生要做飞行员会很可怕，原因是他们比较固执，不会听从别人的建
32、议，但是通过作者的亲身经历，发现倾听很重要，提醒也很重要，这件事使作者深有感触。56B细节理解题。根据第一段中的“They dont listen because they already know it all.”可以推知，医生通常不喜欢听从别人的建议。57A细节理解题。文章第二段作者谈到自己的一次经历，联系“Ive used it in the operating room ever since.”可知，他通过提醒拯救了飞机。58D推理判断题。上文提到，通过作者的提醒避免了一次事故，此处把landing gear up用作比喻意义，指代可能以生命为代价的犯错。59B标题归纳题。本文通过飞行
33、中的一个事例说明提醒和听从别人建议的重要性，所以说，飞行使作者成为一名更优秀的医生。B In 1947 a group of famous people from the art world headed by an Austrian conductor decided to hold an international festival of music，dance and theatre in Edinburgh. The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War.It quickly attracted famous nam
34、es such as Alec Guinness, Richard Burton, Dame Margot Fonteyn and Marlene Dietrich as well as the big symphony orchestras(交响乐团). It became a fixed event every August and now attracts 400，000 people yearly. At the same time, the “Fringe” appeared as a challenge to the official festival.Eight theatre
35、groups turned up uninvited in 1947，in the belief that everyone should have the right to perform，and they did so in a public house disused for years. Soon，groups of students firstly from Edinburgh University, and later from the universities of Oxford and Cambridge，Durham and Birmingham were making th
36、e journey to the Scottish capital each summer to perform theatre by littleknown writers of plays in small church halls to the people of Edinburgh. Today the “Fringe”，once less recognized, has far outgrown the festival with around 1，500 performances of theatre，music and dance on every one of the 21 d
37、ays it lasts. And yet as early as 1959，with only 19 theatre groups performing，some said it was getting too big. A paid administrator was first employed only in 1971, and today there are eight administrators working all year round and the number rises to 150 during August itself. In 2004 there were 2
38、00 places housing 1，695 shows by over 600 different groups from 50 different countries. More than 1.25 million tickets were sold.60What was the purpose of Edinburgh Festival at the beginning? A. To bring Europe together again. B. To honor heroes of World War . C. To introduce young theatre groups. D
39、. To attract great artists from Europe. 61. Why did some uninvited theatre groups come to Edinburgh in 1947? A. They owned a public house there. B. They came to take up a challenge. C. They thought they were also famous. D. They wanted to take part in the festival.62.Who joined the “Fringe” after it
40、 appeared? APopular writers. B. University students. CArtists from around the world. D. Performers of music and dance. 63.We may learn from the text that Edinburgh Festival _ A. has become a nonofficial event B. has gone beyond an art festival C. gives shows all year round D. keeps growing rapidly【要
41、点综述】 本文主要介绍了Fringe的成长和发展的历史过程。在英国，二战刚结束以后，百废待兴。从战争和痛苦之中解脱出来的人们期待着一次艺术的盛会。第一届爱丁堡艺术节从战后的艺术家群体里邀请了所有知名的艺术家，可谓盛况空前。八支同样具有好评的艺术团体自费来到英国，组成团体，在爱丁堡艺术节举办的同时自发地举办了他们自己的艺术节。60A推理判断题。根据第一段中的“The idea was to reunite Europe after the Second World War.”可以推知，其目的是为了让二战后的欧洲再次团结起来。61D细节理解题。第三段中的“in the belief that ev
42、eryone should have the right to perform, and they did so”说明他们的目的是参加这个节日。62B细节理解题。根据第四段中的“Soon, groups of students firstly from Edinburgh University”等信息可知，大学生参加到Fringe中。63D推理判断题。文章最后一段叙述了Edinburgh Festival的不断发展，D项的意思符合题意，故为最佳答案。C Given that many peoples moods (情绪)are regulated by the chemical action
43、of chocolate, it was probably only a matter of time before somebody made the chocolate shop similar to a drugstore of Chinese medicine. Looking like a setting from the film Charlie & the Chocolate Factory, Singapores Chocolate Research Facility (CRF) has over 100 varieties of chocolates.Its founder
44、is Chris Lee who grew up at his parents corner store with one hand almost always in the jar of sweets. If the CRF seems to be a smart idea, thats because Lee is not merely a seasoned salesperson but also head of a marketing department that has business relations with big names such as Levis and Sony
45、. That idea surely results in the imagination at work when it comes to making different flavored(味道)chocolates.The CRFs produce is “green”， made within the country and divided into 10 lines, with the Alcohol Series being the most popular. The Exotic Serieswith Sichuan pepper, red bean (豆), cheese an
46、d other flavorsalso does well and is fun to taste. And for chocolate_snobs，who think that they have a better knowledge of chocolate than others, the Connoisseur Series uses cocoa beans from Togo, Cuba, Venezuela, and Ghana, among others.64. What is good about chocolate?A. It serves as a suitable gift.B. It works as an effective medicine.C.