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1、Unit 10By the time I got outside,the bus had already left.Period OneGrammar FocusThe Past Perfect Tense过去完成时过去完成时Grammar Focus(P77)Grammar Focus(P77)2.2.过去完成时可以表示过去完成时可以表示过去过去某一时刻某一时刻 或某一动作或某一动作之前之前完成的动作完成的动作或或呈现呈现 的状态的状态。也就是说发生在。也就是说发生在“过去的过去过去的过去”1.过去完成时过去完成时构成构成：hadhad过去分词过去分词past perfect tense过去
2、完成时由过去完成时由had+过去分词构成过去分词构成 表示过去的过去表示过去的过去生的动作生的动作 构成方式构成方式:肯定句肯定句:had+动词的过去分词动词的过去分词 否定句否定句:had not+过去分词过去分词一般疑问句一般疑问句:had+主语主语+过去分词过去分词肯定回答肯定回答:Yes,主语主语+had.否定回答否定回答:No,主语主语+hadnt.过去完成时的用法：过去完成时的用法：1 1、过去某一个特定时间之前发生的事、过去某一个特定时间之前发生的事,表示过去的过表示过去的过去，通常由去，通常由whenwhen，byby或或beforebefore引导的短语或者从句引导的短语或者
3、从句(要用要用一般过去时一般过去时)做时间状语做时间状语 Bytheendof lastyear,I hadlearned about one thousand English words.Bythetime hewastwenty,he hadwon about ten medals.When Igotthere,they hadalready left.We hadfinished our lunch before hecame.2.当谈到当谈到过去的两个行为过去的两个行为时，时，过去较早过去较早的行为的行为用用过去完成时过去完成时，较晚较晚的行为用的行为用一般过去时一般过去时。e.g.1
4、.When we got home,we learnt that the police had just been to the flats.2.When Mr.Li got to the class,all the students had began reading.2.Mary began to dry her hair with a hairdryer.She had already washed it.3 3、表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过表示从过去某一时间开始一直延续到过去另一时间的动作或状态。常与去另一时间的动作或状态。常与for for(后跟段时间后跟段时间)或或since
5、(since(后跟点时间后跟点时间)等等连用连用,如如:1.TheyhadlivedinGuangzhousince2004andlastmonth,theymovedtoShenzhen.2.IhadnotseenmyfriendAmyforalongtime,soLastSundayIwenttovisither.4 4、常用在、常用在told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词引导的宾语从句中等动词引导的宾语从句中，1.她说她从来没有去过巴黎。她说她从来没有去过巴黎。She said(that)she had never been to Paris.2.我觉得我以前见过
6、他。我觉得我以前见过他。I thought that I had seen him before.3.Tom说他借了这本书两周了。说他借了这本书两周了。Tom said he had borrowed the book for 2 weeks.kept现在完成时现在完成时与与过去完成时过去完成时的区别的区别1.ShehastaughtEnglishfor6years.2.ShehaslivedinAmericasince2002.表示表示过过去某去某时时发发生的生的动动作，作，这动这动作可能作可能刚刚刚刚停止停止,也可能也可能还还在在进进行行。1.ShesaidshehadtaughtEngl
7、ishfor6years.2.BythetimeIgottoLondon,shehadgonetoAmerica.表示过去某时之表示过去某时之前发生的动作前发生的动作,现现在在已经停止已经停止。I Ihavebeenhavebeenatschoolsince8:00am.atschoolsince8:00am.Iwasatschool.now7:30am7:00amThebellisringing.现在完成时现在完成时过去完成时过去完成时now9:00am7:30am8:00amThebellrang.Igottoschool.BythetimeIgottoschool,thebellByth
8、etimeIgottoschool,thebellhadrunghadrung.1.We _(learn)two thousands words by the end of last year.3.When we _(arrive)at the station,they _(wait)for more than twenty minutes.hadlearnedarrivedhadwaited2.I _(know)him when I was a student.hadknown4.One of the men couldnt move,because he _(break)his legs.
9、hadbroken5.Father told me that he _(write)a new book.6.Mother _(have)breakfast before seven oclock that morning.7.By the end of last week,we _(learn)50 English songs.8.The teacher said he _ never _(make)such a foolish mistake before.hadwrittenhadhadhadlearnedhadmade9.Mr Smith _(teach)Japanese at thi
10、s school since 1999.10.Li Hong _(search)the Internet for two hours before she found what she wanted.hadsearchedhas/hadtaughtMore practiceWhenIarrivedthere,they_(leave)already.Thefilm_(start),whenwegottothecinema.I_(read)thebookbeforeIstartedschool.Theythoughtthatthey_(try)theirbest.Thepoorgirlnevers
11、awhergrandpabecausehe_(passaway)beforeshewasborn.I_(notrealize)shewasntChineseuntilshespoke.had lefthad startedhad readhad triedhad passed awayhadnt realized 选择填空()1.-“Did you see Tom at the party?”-“No,Mary told me that he _ by the time I got there.”A.left B.was leaving C.had left D.has left()2.He
12、said that he _ his lunch yet.A.hadnt had B.hasnt had C.wouldnt have D.was having()3.By the end of last year we _ each other for ten years.A.have known B.knew C.were knowing D.had known()4.I saw Li Lei yesterday.We hadnt seen each other _ I left Beijing.A.after B.before C.since D.until cA D c()6.I le
13、arned_ the city for a long time.A.she has been in B.she has gone to B.C.she had been in D.she had gone to()7.He said that he _ a cold for three days.A.has B.had caught C.had had D.has got()8.I saw Kate with a new radio in her hand yesterday,but she told me she_the radio for ten days.A.has bought B.h
14、ad bought C.has had D.had had ccD()9.The film _ when I got there.A.has begun B.had already started C.began D.have already begun ()10.The film _ for ten minutes when we got to the cinema.A.had already been on B.had already begun C.have already been on D.have already begun A B 课外练习：时态综合练习课外练习：时态综合练习用我
15、们所学的时态完成下列句子。用我们所学的时态完成下列句子。1.Betty_(be)notin.She_(go)tothelibrary.She_(leave)twohoursagoandshe_(be)backinhalfanhour.iswentleftwillbe2.Flora_(be)agoodteacher.She_(teach)usgeography.Thirtyyearsagoshe_(come)toourschooland_(begin)toteach.She_(be)ateachersincethen.isteachescamebeganhasbeen3.Look!Therain
16、_(stop)andthesun_(shine)again.Whynotgoout?4.George_(go)toHongKong.Heisnothere.5.Henry_(be)toHongKong.Hehasgotlotsofphotosofthiscity.stopsshineswenthasbeen6.Jack_(be)inHongKongfortwoweeks.Heisnowvisitingsomeinterestingplacesthere.7.-_you_(see)thecartoonLotusLantern?-No,notyet.8.There_(be)anotherbridg
17、eacrosstheriverinthecomingyear.hasbeenHaveseenwillbe9.Thesun_(rise)intheeast.10.Themoon_(rise).Nowit_(hang)highupinthesky.11.Linda_(get)twopostcardsfromherunclejustnow.12.Itwasalreadyelevenoclock.Kate_(still,work)onthemathsproblems.risesrisesishanginggotwasstillworking13.We_(have)supper.Suddenlythel
18、ight_(go)out.14.Mary_(not,go)overherlessonscarefullyandshe_(fail)theexamagain.15.-_thetrain_(arrive)?-No.It_(come)infourminutes.werehavingwenthadntgonefailedHasarrivedwillcome选择题：选择题：1.He_toschooltomorrow.A.isntgoingB.doesntgoC.goes2.Theyaregoinghiking_.A.nextSundayB.onSundaysC.ontheevening3.Howissh
19、e_tothebookstore?A.goB.goesC.going 4.Helikes_.A.collectB.collectingC.collects5.Areyougoingto_themuseumwithme?A.visitB.visitsC.visiting6.WheresSarah?She_insects.A.watchesB.watchingC.iswatching7._Annworkataprimaryschool?A.AreB.DoC.Does8.Mymotheroften_sportsintheevening.A.doB.doesC.doing9.Everyonecant_
20、water.A.leavesB.liveC.leave10.Eachstudentinourclass_hard.A.studiesB.studiedC.studying11.Listen.Somegirls_.A.singB.aresingingC.sang12.She_herbagyesterday.A.washesB.washedC.iswashing13.Tomusually_hergrandparentsonSundays.A.visitsB.visitingC.visit14.Lets_anEnglishclassnow.A.haveB.havingC.has15.Look.He_
21、abook.A.readsB.readingC.isreading16.We_mountainsnextSaturday.A.climbB.areclimbingC.aregoingtoclimb17.What_you_thisweekend?A.do,doB.are,doingC.are,goingtodo18._you_thefootballgamethisafternoon?A.Do,watchB.Are,watchingC.Are,goingtowatch19._youfeelwell?A.AreB.IsC.Do20.Mythroat_.A.ishurtB.soreC.hurts21.
22、What_yourteacherlike?Hesstrong.A.doB.doesC.is22._therobottired?A.DoesB.DoC.Is23._yournosesore?A.DoB.DoesC.Is24.Doesthegirl_acold?A.hasB.haveC.had25._hebusylastSunday?A.DidB.DoesC.Was26.What_youdoeverySundaymorning?A.doB.doesC.did27.Myfatheroften_atripwithusonholidays.A.takeB.tookC.takesTranslation1.
23、我到家时她已经睡了。我到家时她已经睡了。BythetimeIgothome,shehadBythetimeIgothome,shehadalreadygonetobed.alreadygonetobed.2.到黄昏时消息已传遍全球。到黄昏时消息已传遍全球。ByduskthenewshadspreadByduskthenewshadspreadthroughtheworld.throughtheworld.3.他走以后我找到了那封信。他走以后我找到了那封信。IfoundtheletterafterhehadgoneIfoundtheletterafterhehadgoneaway.away.We
24、reachedthecinemalate.TheWereachedthecinemalate.Thefilmhadalreadybegun.filmhadalreadybegun.4.我们到电影院晚了我们到电影院晚了,电影已经开始了。电影已经开始了。5.我们发现有人把我们的窗户打破了。我们发现有人把我们的窗户打破了。WefoundthatsomebodyhadWefoundthatsomebodyhadbrokenourwindow.brokenourwindow.IsoonrealizedthatIhadmadeIsoonrealizedthatIhadmadeaseriousmistake
25、.aseriousmistake.6.不久我意识到自己犯了一个严重的不久我意识到自己犯了一个严重的错误。错误。7.我没有去，因为我已看过这部电影。我没有去，因为我已看过这部电影。IdidntgobecauseIhadalreadyIdidntgobecauseIhadalreadyseenthefilm.seenthefilm.AfterhecheckedoutalltheAfterhecheckedoutalltheinformation,hebelievedhisdaughterinformation,hebelievedhisdaughterhadmadeagooddecision.hadmadeagooddecision.8.他查看了所有的信息后，相信女儿他查看了所有的信息后，相信女儿的选择是对的。的选择是对的。