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1、Unit 2 Improving yourselfUnit 2 Improving yourselfP2 Using languageP2 Using language-Past perfect passive-Past perfect passivePast perfect passive 过去完成时的被动语态 基本含义 基本结构 基本用法 At the start of the detox，over 100 students had been persuaded to stop using social media，in ANY form，for seven days.They had b
2、een promised money by family and friends for each day spent without using social media.But on reflection，I can see how much of my time had been occupied with checking my phone.Read the following sentences from the reading passage and find the rules in them.过去完成时的被动语态过去完成时的被动语态The pen had been broken
3、 by the boy before it was found.那支钢笔在大家发现以前就被那个男孩弄坏了。那支钢笔在大家发现以前就被那个男孩弄坏了。The task had been completed before noon yesterday.那项任务昨天中午前就完成了。那项任务昨天中午前就完成了。1.强调动作的承受者强调动作的承受者2.不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出不知道谁是动作的执行者，或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者谁是动作的执行者基本含义过去完成时的被动语态是过去完成时的被动形式,主语是谓语动作的承受者。使用被动语态主要因为两种情况：1.肯定句：_2.否定句：_3.疑问句
4、：_ _基本结构All the tickets had been sold out when they arrived.主语had been done其他.当他们到那儿时，票已经全部卖完了。The movie hadnt been on for half an hour when we got to the cinema.当我们到达电影院时，电影还没开始半个小时。主语had not been done其他.Had主语been done其他?疑问词had主语been done其他?Had the movie been on for half an hour when you got to the
5、 cinema?当你们到达电影院时，电影开始了半个小时了吗？How many buildings had been destroyed when the hurricane ended?飓风结束后有多少建筑物被毁了？(1)By the time he got to the school,the first period had been finished.(2)The classroom hadnt been cleaned before the teacher came.(3)By the end of last year,120 bridges had been built.1.当befo
6、re,when,by the time,until 等引导时间状语的谓语是一般过去式，以及by,before后接过去的时间时，主句的动作发生在从句的动作或过去的时间之前且表示被动时，用过去完成时的被动语态。过去完成时的被动语态的基本用法2.在 told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词之后的宾语从句中，若表示动作已被做完时，用过去完成时的被动语态。(1)They said the production costs had been reduced.(2)The boy was reminded that his homework had not been handed in
7、.(3)The media reported more than 1,000 people had been killed in the earthquake.3.在“It was the first/second/third time that”句型中，that从句中的主语是动作的承受者时，谓语动词要用过去完成时的被动语态。(1)It was the first time that the painting had been displayed to the public.(2)It was the second time that his bike had been stolen.4.根据
8、语意可以判断出动作先后的被动语态，用过去完成时的被动语态。(1)As the assignment had been done,he went on to search the Internet.(2)He did what he had been told to.Complete Jacks blog post with the correct form of the verbs in brackets.Before I turned over a new leaf,I had always been a very lazy student.I was careless about hand
9、ing in my homework,and none of my assignment deadlines _(meet).Indeed,I would deliberately“lose”my homework in my incredibly messy room,so that I could put off (do)it!My parents soon worked out this trick,though,and one day I came home to find that my room _(clean),and my homework _(put)right in the
10、 centre of a spotlessly clean desk!A present_ (leave)on the desk,too(I think Mum did that):a book called The Art of Procrastination.had been metdoinghad been cleanedhad been putCheck your answers!P17 3had been left The author,John Perry,said that procrastination was about_ (avoid)the hardest and mos
11、t important tasks.So _ (make)sure you do your homework,put it second or third on your to-do list,not at the top.Then put one or two really hard things you dont want to do at the top of the list.You will procrastinate to avoid the hard stuff by doing your homework!Posted by Jack at 13:34avoiding to makeP17 3123肯定句否定句疑问句1234当before,when,by the time,until 等引导时间状语以及by,before后接过去的时间时;在 told,said,knew,heard,thought等动词之后的宾语从句中;在“It was the first/second/third time that”句型中;根据语意可以判断出动作先后的被动语态。基本结构基本用法过去完成时的被动语态使用情况21强调动作的承受者不知道动作的执行者，或没有必要指出Thanks and have a good day.