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1、Period 2Warming Up&Reading(2)I单句语法填空 1My mother sends her _(greet)to you all.2“What have you got in there？”Felix asked _(curious)3The town walls were built as a(n)_(defend)against enemy attacks.4There must have been some _(understand)I didnt order all these books.5This book will help you with both _
2、(speak)and written English.【答案】1.greetings2.curiously3.defence4misunderstanding5.spoken.句子结构分析1After about ten minutes of waiting,I saw a middleaged man enter her courtyard looking back carefully.在这个句子中介词短语After about ten minutes of waiting作_，现在分词短语looking back carefully作_。【答案】时间状语；伴随状语2It was the f
3、irst play to win all three of these major awards.在这个句子中，不定式短语to win作_，修饰被_限定的中心词play。【答案】后置定语；序数词3Not all are willing to do such work,for it is quite hard for some of them.在这个句子中，not all表示_，句意：_。【答案】部分否定；并不是所有人都愿意做这项工作，因为它对于有些人来说太难了1greet vi.&vt.迎接；问候He greeted her with a loving hug.他以一个深情的拥抱来迎接她。gr
4、eet sb with sth 用欢迎/致意/问候某人be greeted with对作出反应greeting(常用复数形式)问候；祝贺；贺词birthday greetings生日贺词greeting cards贺卡The speech was greeted by/with loud cheers.演讲受到了热烈的欢呼。They exchanged greetings and sat down to lunch.他们互相致意后便坐下吃午饭。单句语法填空Please accept my_(greet)card on this special day.The audience greet hi
5、s speech_ loud cheer.完成句子The young man rose lazily and was not willing to _ _(招呼我们)This appointment_ _ _ _(使人欣慰)【答案】greetingwithgreet uswas greeted with relief2represent vt.代表；象征Most employers do care about the personal appearances of their employees,because those people represent the companies to t
6、heir customers.多数老板确实会关心雇员的个人形象，因为这些员工向顾客展示了他们的公司。Her greatest ambition was to represent her country at the Olympics.她最大的愿望是代表自己的国家参加奥运会。represent sb as/to be.宣称某人是represent oneself as/to be.自称represent sth to sb 向某人说明或传达某事represent.as.把描绘成representative n代表adj.典型的；有代表性的完成句子“VIP”代表什么？What does“VIP”_
7、？他被挑选出来作为全班同学的代表，到另一所学校去。He was picked out from the whole class to _.她把她的妈妈描绘成世界上最好的母亲。She _ the kindest mother in the world.【答案】stand forrepresent them to the other schoolrepresents her mother as3curiously adv.好奇地He was standing a few feet away from me,arms folded,looking at me curiously.他站在离我只有几英尺
8、远的地方，交叠着双臂，好奇地看着我。(1)curious adj.好奇的；求知的；古怪的be curious about 对感到好奇be curious to do sth.极想做某事It is/was curious that 真奇怪(2)curiosity n.好奇；好奇心；求知欲out of curiosity 出于好奇with curiositycuriously 好奇地完成句子带着好奇心，我打开了这本书。_ _，I opened the book.人们对于地球上生命的起源问题一直充满好奇。People have always been _ _ exactly how life on
9、earth began.出于好奇，这个小男孩把收音机拆散了。The little boy,_ _ _，took the radio set apart.【答案】With curiositycurious aboutout of curiosity4closely adv.紧密地；紧紧地I believe that in some way my life is closely connected to all of humanity.我相信在某种意义上，我的生命是与全人类紧密相连的。close adj.密切的；接近的 adv.近地close to靠近；离近get close to靠近；接近clo
10、se friends亲密的朋友have a close relation with.同有密切关系keep.closed保持关闭状close动词“关闭；结束”形容词“亲密的；亲近的”副词“离近”，相当于near，表示具体的概念，强调空间距离近，多用来修饰由介词引导的短语名词结束；终止closely副词(具体含义)“离近”；(抽象含义)“亲密地；仔细地；严密地”，常用来说明动作以怎样的方式进行，有比喻的用法，多修饰动词和过去分词I saw her walking on the sidewalk with her dog following closely behind.我看见她在人行道上散步，她的
11、小狗紧紧跟在后面。They stand close against the wall.他们紧靠墙壁站着。用close/closely填空As far as I know,the two accident are _connected.Tom walked _to the window to watch _the man shopping in the street.单句语法填空It was raining heavily.Little Mary felt cold，so she stood close_her mother.【答案】closelyclose；closelyto5approach
12、 vt.&vi.接近；靠近；走近 n接近；方法；途径Tony approached Julia,touched her shoulder and kissed her on the cheek!托尼走近朱莉娅，摸了摸她的肩，并亲了她的脸！All the approaches to the Palace were guarded by troops.通往宫殿的所有道路都有军队守卫。approach to.接近，靠近；近似，约等于；(做某事)的方法at ones approachat the approach of.在快到的时候be easy of approach容易到达，容易接近.be app
13、roaching 快到了with.approaching随着的临近make approaches to sb 设法接近某人approach表示具体的做事的方法或手段，只和介词to搭配manner“方式，样子，态度”，常指为人处世或待人接物的方式，和介词in连用；如指“礼貌”，形式为复数way“方式，方法”，侧重通向某个目的地(或解决方案)的中间环节，和介词in连用method“方法，办法”，有明确先后顺序和步骤的做事方式，多指某种具体的方法，只和介词with连用means“方法，手段”，达到目的或做成某事的方式，和介词by连用，常用的短语有by all means无论如何；by no mean
14、s决不His approaches to the problem are wrong.他处理这个问题的方法是错的。Why are you talking in such a strange manner?你为什么用这种奇怪的方式谈话？Can you tell me the way to work out the math problem?你能告诉我做那道数学题的方法吗？We should improve our teaching method，with which we can make ourselves understood better.我们应该改善我们的教学方法，用这些方法，我们可以使
15、学生更好地理解我们。We arrived there by means of plane.我们坐飞机到达那儿。单句改错At the meeting they discussed three different approaches about the study of mathematics._一句多译冬天临近，天气转冷。With _ _，the weather becomes cold.As _ _ _，the weather becomes cold._ _ _ _ brings the cold weather.单句语法填空_(approach)the city center,we sa
16、w a stone statue of about 10 meters in height.【答案】about改为towinter approaching；winter is approaching；The approach of winterApproaching6kiss sb on the cheek亲吻某人的脸颊She kissed the baby on the cheek and then went to work.她在孩子的脸颊上亲了一下，然后去上班了。“vt.sb(in/on/by)the人体部位”这一结构中的the不能用形容词性物主代词如his，her代替，也不能说“vt.s
17、bs人体部位。”He caught me by the arm and said，“Dont forget.”他抓住我的手臂说：“不要忘了”。A bullet shot him in the chest and he fell down.一颗子弹射中他的胸部，他倒下去了。汉译英他打了我的眼睛。【答案】He hit me in the eye.老师拍了拍吉姆的肩膀，笑了。【答案】The teacher patted Jim on the shoulder,smiling.7defend vt.保护；保卫It is impossible to defend against an allout at
18、tack.防御全面进攻是不可能的。Some think that students should be trained to defend themselves against some attacks.有些人认为应该训练学生保护自己免遭某些攻击。defend.against 防御；保卫以免受defend oneself against sth 为自己辩护defence n防御；防卫in ones defence站在某人一边；为某人辩护；在的防备下defence against(的)防御物(措施)in defence(of.)保护()All the people,men and women,y
19、oung and old,were fighting against the flood in defence of their own homes.所有的人，无论男女老少，都在与洪水作斗争，保卫自己的家园。defend用在军事上，指防御、保卫、抵御或击退外来威胁或攻击；用于非军事意义时，指保护、辩护。其宾语可具体也可抽象guard指守卫、监视或戒备潜在的危险protect指设置障碍或掩护，以保护某人、某物免遭危害、损失等。常用于防御风雨、寒冷、烈日、疾病或保护经济、法律权益等We should defend the island against the enemy.我们应该保卫这个岛免遭敌人
20、的侵犯。She wore a pair of sunglasses to protect her eyes from the sunlight.她戴了一副太阳镜以保护她的眼睛不受阳光的照射。The dog guarded the house against strangers.狗守着房屋，不让陌生人进去。Soldiers are on guard to defend our country while our government protects their legal rights.战士们在站岗保卫我们的国家，政府也在保护他们的合法权利。一句多译工会说他们将采取行动维护会员的工作。The
21、union said that they would take action _.(defend)The union said that they would take action _.(defence)【答案】to defend their members jobs；in defence of their members jobs完成句子I_ _with a stick _the dogs attack.我用棍子保护自己以免受到那条狗的攻击。【答案】defend myself;against单句语法填空They took up arms in _(defend)of their count
22、ry.【答案】defenceTheir duty is to defend the country _ its enemies.【答案】against8major adj.主要的，重要的；主修的n主修课程；专业课；少校 vi.主修There is a major problem with parking in London.在伦敦，停车是个很大的问题。Shes a history major.她是历史专业的学生。Hes majoring in Political Science.他主修政治学。(1)major in 专修；主修；攻读(2)majority n.大多数；过半a/the major
23、ity of 大多数的；大半的(3)minor adj.&v.较少的；次要的；兼修minority n.少数a/the minority of 少数的单句语法填空Lucy majored_Korean when she was at university.Scientists attempted to find the causes of some_(majority)diseases.【答案】inmajor9on the contrary与此相反；正相反On the contrary,many people defended him.相反，很多人还为他进行辩护。on the contrary
24、为介词短语，在句子中作状语，表示相反的意见，是对上文内容的转折，可放在句首或句中。to the contrary“相反的(地)”，在句中作状语或定语。Most people know that,but Ive heard plenty of stories to the contrary.大多数人都知道这一点，但是我听到不少相反的情况。单句改错He is not selfish;to the contrary,he is very generous._单句语法填空I will continue to believe it until I get proof_ the contrary.【答案】
25、to改为onto10be likely to 很可能；有希望Noticing that there was likely to be trouble,they sneaked away.他们看到有可能发生麻烦，就悄悄离开了。But the boss said we were likely to work overtime today.但是老板说我们今天很可能要加班。likely adj.可能的It is likely that.sb be likely to do做某事是可能的not likely不见得；不大可能likely指从外表、迹象上进行判断，有可能发生；既可以用人也可以用物作主语It
26、is likely that.或sb/sth is likely to.，不能用于It is likely for sb to do sth 这一结构possible指客观上有可能，但往往含有希望很小的意味。不能用人作主语It is possible(for sb)to do sth 或It is possible that.完成句子Snows_ _ _ _in the next 24 hours.未来24小时之内可能会有降雪。【答案】are likely to happen_ _ _of this heavy rain is the rising of the river.这场大雨的一个可能
27、结果就是河水上涨。【答案】One likely result_ _ _that he will succeed.他很有可能成功。【答案】Its highly likelySuccess is_，but hardly_.However，she_ _ _ _stick to it.成功是有可能的，但把握不大，然而她还是有可能坚持。【答案】possible;probable；is still likely to11in general总的来说；通常In general,though,studying international customs can certainly help avoid dif
28、ficulties in todays world of cultural crossroads!总的来说，在当今文化交融的世界里，学习不同国家的习俗肯定能够帮助我们避免交往中的困难！on the whole总的说来general knowledge一般知识；常识as a general rule一般说来frankly speaking坦白地说honestly speaking诚实地说generally adv.通常地；一般地general一般的；普遍的；大体的；笼统的；总的(有较少例外的含义)common 普通的；平常的；无特殊之处的normal正常的；标准的usual通常的；与往常相同的o
29、rdinary 常见的；平凡的用general/common/normal/usual/ordinary填空Can you tell us the_idea of the text?The_body temperature of a human being is about 36.5.His speech yesterday is very_.Its not a jewel but a_piece of glass.Its_for him to go to the office on foot.一句多译总的说来，对于我的决定，有两个原因。【答 案】generalnormalordinaryco
30、mmonusual In general；Generally speaking；On the whole1After half an hour of waiting for their flight to arrive,I saw several young people enter the waiting area looking around curiously.半个小时的等待之后，他们的班机终于到了，我看到几个年轻人走进等候区，他们好奇地向四周张望。本句的主干是I saw several young people enter the waiting area。After half an
31、hour of waiting for their flight to arrive是介宾短语作时间状语，waiting是动名词作定语，而looking around curiously 是现在分词短语作伴随状语。He watched a stranger come into the building where he works.他看到一个陌生人进入了他工作的那座楼。They walked into the office looking for the manager.他们走进了办公室找经理。仿写句子我注意到一位男子走出了屋子，看上去十分困惑。【答案】I noticed a man walk
32、 out of the room,looking puzzled.在海滨玩了半个小时后，我们看见几个游客来到这里试图租几艘船。_ on the beach,we saw several visitors come here _.【答案】After half an hour of playing;trying to hire some boats2The first person to arrive was Tony Garcia from Colombia，closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain.第一个到达的是来自哥伦比亚的托尼加西亚，来自英国
33、的朱莉娅史密斯紧随其后。(1)the first person to arrive意思是“第一个到达的人”，动词不定式to arrive作定语修饰person；在英语中，如果名词或代词前有序数词、形容词最高级或the next，the only，the last等限定词，名词或代词后常用动词不定式作定语，不定代词something，nothing等、序数词、the last等后也常接不定式作定语。(2)过去分词短语closely followed by Julia Smith from Britain作伴随状语，follow与the first person为动宾关系。(1)不定式在句中作定语
34、，置于被修饰的名词或代词之后。(2)不定式短语作定语和被修饰词之间表示以下关系：表示将来的动作；与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，如是不及物动词，则需加介词；与被修饰词之间有动宾关系，同时与句中其他词之间又有逻辑上的主谓关系时，用主动语态；如只有动宾关系，而无逻辑上的主谓关系，则需用被动语态；不定式作定语时，一般可转换为定语从句。Im going to the post office.Have you got anything to be posted？(post的执行者不是you而是I)我要去邮局，你有东西要寄吗？单句语法填空It took a long time for the connectio
35、n between body temperature and illness_(make)The last boat _(depend)on was washed away by the huge waves.单项选择If I have any further news,you will be the first person _.Ato know BknownCknowing Dknew【答案】to be madeto dependA 3.Not all cultures greet each other the same way，nor are they comfortable in th
36、e same way with touching or distance between people.各种文化背景下的人互致问候的方式不尽相同，身体接触和相互间保持的距离也不尽相同。(1)本句中Not all cultures.表部分否定。表示全体意义的 形 容 词、副 词 或 代 词，如 every，both，everything，everybody，all等与not连用，表示的是部分否定，而不是全部否定。表示全部否定时，要把这些词改为相应的否定词，如none，nobody，nothing，neither，no等。(2)“nor are they comfortable in the sa
37、me way with touching or distance between people”是不完全倒装句。不完全倒装是指将谓语的一部分如助动词或情态动词放在主语之前。如果句中的谓语没有助动词或情态动词，则需添加助动词do，does或did，并将其置于主语之前。All of them are not right.Not all of them are right.他们并非都正确。The book was nowhere to be found.哪儿都找不到那本书。(1)not all.all.not意思是“并非都”；其完全否定形式为“none of.”。not both.both.not.
38、“并非两者都”，其完全否定形式为“neither of.”。not every.every.not“并非每一个都”，其完全否定形式为“none of.”。(2)含有否定意义的词置于句首往往引起部分倒装，有以下几种情况：含有否定意义的副词置于句首。如：not，never，seldom，hardly，rarely，little等。含有否定意义的连词置于句首。如：not only.but also.，neither.nor.，no sooner.than.，hardly.when.，scarcely.when.，not until.等。含有否定意义的介词短语置于句首。如：by no means，at
39、 no time，in no case，in no way，on no account，under no circumstances等。neither，nor(表示否定)表示后面所说的情况与前面所说的情况相同。句型转换 All the students did not go to the movies._ _the students went to the movies.完成句子_ _the students went to the movies.所有的学生都没有去看电影。单句改错The lawyer will not agree with the suggestion,nor he give it a thought._【答案】Not allNone of在he前加will