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1、中考英语代词用法的9个方面一.人称代词的语法要点(1)人称代词的基本用法:人称代词有主格和宾格之分,主格有1.you.he.she.it.we.they等,它们在句中作主语用。宾格有me,you.him, her. it. us, you. them等,它们在句中作动词或介词的宾语。(2) 人称代词的排序:有两个或两个以上的人称代词并列时,一般是这样排序的:单数按2-3-1:复数按1-2-3。但在承认错误时,就将I放在最前面了。如:You, he, and l are good friends. 你我他都是好朋友。We, you and they have been invited to th
2、e party. 你们我们和他们都被邀请参加那个晚会。(3)人称代词后接名词用作同位语:有时人称代词后可接人称代词用作同位语。如:We girls often go to the movies together. 我们女孩子经常一起去看电影。He asked you boys to be quiet. 他要你们男孩子安静些。二.物主代词的语法要点物主代词有形容词性和名词性两种,形容词性物主代词my.your,his,her,its,our,their只在名词前作定语,名词性物主代词mine.yours. his.hers. ours.theirs不能作定语,但可作主语、宦语、表语或与of连用作
3、后置定语。如:Yours seems bigger than mine. 你的似乎要比我的大些。My pronunciation is poor.His is even worse.我的语音不好,他的更差。三.反身代词的语法要点(1)反身代词的基本用法:反身代词有myselfyourselfhimself.herselfitself, ourselves. yourselves. themselves等。它们在句子中主要用作宾语或同位语。如:I dont blame you; l blame myself. 我不怪你,我怪我自己。Dont trouble to come over yourse
4、lf.你不必费神亲自来了。(2) 反身代词用作表语:反身代词在be.feel,look,seem等系动词后作表语,表示身体或精神状态处于正常。如:I dont know whats the matter with me. Im not myself today. 我不知道怎么啦。今天我感觉不舒服。四.指示代词的语法要点(1)指示代词的基本用法:指示代词包括this.that.these.those等,它们在句中既可用作代词,也可用作形容词。一般说来,this.these表“近指”,而that, those则“远指”。(2)指示代词指上文还是指下文:指上文提到的事多用that,有时用this,指
5、下文的事只能用this。如:He was nearly drowned once-When was?was in 1998 when he was in middle schoolA. that; ltB. this: ThisC.this: ltD.that; This答案是A。指上文提到的事多用that,it指时间。(3)电话用语中的指示代词:在电话用语中指自己用this,指对方用that,不用1或you。如:Whos that? This is Mary speaking.“你是哪位?”“我是玛丽。”(4)指示代词受定语从句的修饰:指示代词that.those后可接定语从句,一般说来,t
6、hat后接which引导的定语从句,those后接who引导的定语从句。如:They say the onlv real knowledae is that which can be measured 据说唯一直实的知识是可以检验的知识。Only those who had booked in advance were allowed in.只有那些预先订票的人可以进去。(5)指示代词用作替代词:that.those有时可用作替代词,用以替代前面提到过的人或事物。如:My seat is next to that of the mavor.我的座位在市长座位旁边。Waves ofredligh
7、t are about twice as lona as those of blueliaht.红色,光线的波长约为蓝色波长的两倍。五.疑问代词的语法要点(1)释间代词的其本用法,疑问代词有what which who whom whose等,主要用干引出特殊野问句。what除可用来询问人的身份外,一般指物;which可指人也可指物;who,whom.whose一般指人。(2)what与which的区别:一般说来,没有一定的范围时,用what,其意为“什么”;有一定范围时,用which,其意为“(其中的)哪一个”。如:What is the best book youve ever read?
8、 你曾经读过的最好的书是哪本?Which of these books is the best? 这些书哪一本最好?(3)疑问代词的综合考查:在高考英语中有时命题者会将疑问代词与其他知识点进行综合考查,如将疑问代词与强调句结合起来考査。如:-_ that he manage to get the information?-Oh. a friend of his helped himA. Where was it B. What was itC. How was itD. Why was it解析:答案选C。从四个选项来看,似平只是考查疑问词where what how whv的辨析与选择,其实
9、它还结合了强调句的知识进行考查,根据答语中的 afriend of his helped him可知,问句问的是方式,故选how was it。六.替代词it. that. (the) one(s),those的用法(1)it和that的用法:两者都可替代“the+单数名词(可数或不可数)”,均表特指,但it指前面提到的“同一”事物,而that是指前面提到的“同类”事物。如:1The Parkers bought a new house butwill need a lot of work before they can move inA. theyB. itC.oneD.which解析:答案
10、选B。it替代“the+house”,指的就是前面提到的the Parkers所买的那座新房子。Few pleasures can equalofa cool drink on a hot dayA. someB.anyC. thatD.those解析:答案选C。that替代the pleasure,指与前面提到的同属“快乐的事”。(2)替代词one的用法:one用以替代“a+单数可数名词”,表示泛指。特指的theone相当于that;the one复数形式the ones,在口语中也常用those代替;当后面有of短语时,一般用that或those,当有前置修饰语时,只能用one(s),如t
11、he red one. one(s) the one(s). those.that都是替代“同类”事物,其中只有that可替代不可数名词。如。We needed a newcupboard for the kitchen. So Peter madefrom some wood we hadA. itB.oneC.himselfD.another解析:答案选B,one替代a cupboard。2MrZhana aave the textbooks to all the pupils exceptwho had already taken themA. the onesB.onesC.someD
12、. the others解析:答案选A,后面的定语从句是特指,the ones替代the pupils。此处也可用those。七.不定代词some与any的用法在通常情况下,some要用于肯定句,在否定句或疑问句中,一般用any代替。但是,这只是一般情况。在某些特殊情况下,some也可用于疑问句和否定句。(1)some用于疑问句:一是用于可预料答语为“是”的问句中,二是用干表示请求或建议的疑问句。如:Did some of you sleep on the floor? 你们有人睡在了地板上吗?Would you like some more fruit? 你要不要再吃点水果?(2)some用
13、于否定句:Some用于否定句主要见于以下情形:用于部分否定的句子中。比较:I do not like any of the films. 这些电影中我一部也不喜欢。I dont like some of the films. 这些电影中的某一些我不喜欢。I dont like some one of the films. 这些电影中某一部我不喜欢。用于否定句,但在否定范围之外。如:I havent seen Tom for some years. 我有好几年没见到汤姆了。Some of the students didnt see the film. 其中有些学生没有看这部电影。用于否定句表示
14、特别的强调。如:It should be for all our children. not just some.这应该适用于我们所有的儿童,而不仅仅是某些孩子。用于否定句介词without之后。如:Its risky to buv a car without some aood advice.不作些咨询就去买车是有风险的。若在without后用any,则所表示的语气很强,含有没有任何”没有一点儿”之意。如:We did the work without any difficulty. 我们干这工作没有任何困难。八. few, a few与 little, a little的用法(1)few和
15、a few的用法:其后要接可数名词的复数形式。few表示数量很少或几乎没有,强调“少”,含有否定意义;a few表示数量虽然少但毕竟还有,强调“有”,含有肯定意义。比较:It is very difficult, and few people understand it.它很难,没几个人能懂。t is very difficult. but a few people understand it他虽难,但是有些人懂。(2) little 和 a little的用法:其后接不可数名词,其用法区别跟few和a few之间的区别相似。如:Unfortunately, I had little mone
16、y on me.很不巧,我身上没带什么钱。Fortunately, I had a little money on me. 幸好我身上带着一点钱。九、 other, the other. another与others的用法这些不定代词不仅在含义上有单复数之分,而目在用法上有沙指(无the)和特指(有the)之别。其用法区别可归纳如下。(1) 指单数时的区别:若泛指用another,若特指用 the other。如:Give me another (one). 另外给我一个。Shut the other eye, please.请把另一只眼睛也闭上。(2) 指复数时的区别:若泛指用 other(
17、后接复数名词),若特指用the other(后接复数名词)。如:There are other wavs of doing it. 做这事还有其他的办法。Where have the other students gone? 其他学生都到哪里去了?(3)others的用法:它永远表示复数意义(且其后不能再接名词)。其用法大致相当于“other+复数名词”,同样地 the others大致相当于“the other+复数名词”。如:Other people Others may not think that way.别的人口能不这样想。Heis cleverer than the others the other studentsin her class.他比班上其他学生聪明。(4)another的用法:一般只能表单数,且其后接名词也只能接单数名词。但是若其后有数词或 few 修饰时,则也,可接复数名词。如:We need another few chairs. 我们还需要几把椅子。In another two weeks itll be finished.再过两个星期就可做完了。学科网(北京)股份有限公司