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1、Passage OnePerhaps the most important defining characteristic of a human being is culture. The term culture as used here is not limited to operas, paintings, and other artistic endeavors. These are seen by anthropologists (人类学家) as examples of culture: culture itself is the customary manner in which
2、 human groups learn to organize their behavior and thought in relation to their environment. Defined in this manner, culture has three principal aspects: behavioral, perceptual and material. The behavioral component refers to how people act, especially how they interact with each other. In child rea
3、ring (养育) , for example, parents and children tend to interact in a relatively patterned fashion. Then there is the manner of perception, the ways people perceive the world. For example, parents have a limited range of ideas about how they should act, and what significance parenthood carries in the
4、scheme of things. Finally, there is the material component of culture the physical objects that we produce.Most of what goes into making up culture is a result of learning modifying behavior in response to experience within an environment. Learning is practically universal among organisms. But no ot
5、her organism has a greater capacity for learning than a human, or depends as much on learned behavior for its survival.While the survival of most other organisms is to some extent safeguarded by instincts, humans rely heavily on culture for their survival. People must learn how to live in a particul
6、ar social and physical setting, biology playing but a minimal (最小限度的) role.The ideas and modes of behavior that constitute culture are transmitted largely by a complex system of symbols that includes language. Humans have evolved an extremely complex system of communication that is unique to our spe
7、cies. Without it the creation of human culture as we know it would be impossible.B 1.What is the definition of culture by anthropologists?A) Operas, paintings and may other artistic activities as a whole.B) Customary manners of behavior and thought related to the environment.C) Behavioral, perceptua
8、l and material components interacting with each other.D) The different ways people perceive the physical world.C 2.According to the passage, the behavior of making tools for producing material objects should fall within the category of _ component of culture.A)behavioralB)perceptualC)materialD)artis
9、ticD 3.Learning is most essential for _.A) all the organisms to surviveB) all the organisms to acquire learned behaviourC) human beings to respond to experience within an environmentD) human beings to survive and live in a societyA 4.Whats the element to human culture?A) Communication in language.B)
10、 Biological adaptation to the environmentC) Safeguarding by instinctsD) Learning to surviveD 5.Which of the following statements is True?A) The capacity for learning can only be observed in human beings.B) Biology plays an important role in humans living in a social and physical setting.C) Human beh
11、avior and thought do not have anything to do with culture.D) If there were no language communication, humans couldnt have created the present culture.Passage TwoThe best kept secret in San Diego is waiting to offer you a delightful getaway without leaving town.Less than three years ago, the Parisi H
12、otel was just an office building above the shops on the corner of Prospect Street. Now, that valuable space is an intimate luxury hotel with several rooms overlooking the ocean. Youll be amazed when you enter from the corner and ascend the curving staircase to the second-floor lobby. It will take yo
13、u into a different world.What will you find when you enter the large contemporary lobby is a handsome and peaceful space that was designed with a hint of Tuscany in its modern Mediterranean (地中海式的) style. The lobby has a large fireplace with comfortable sofas in warm neutral colors surrounding it. Y
14、oull feel relaxed just sitting there with its skylight overhead letting in the morning sun.All the rooms are more like suites (套房), with large comfortable beds, beautiful baths and stylish custom-designed furnishings and art throughout.The Parisi Hotel is the perfect place for seniors because its qu
15、iet and restful with only 20 rooms. You wont find many hotels like this in the center of a tourist town.The shops are all around you. Likewise for some of the citys best restaurants, you will never have to take your car out of the garage during your stay. And, by the way, the underground parking lot
16、 at the Parisi Hotel is free for hotel guests.Once you stay at this little gem (珍品), youll want to return again and again. I know we do. Its a perfect place for seniors.Rates for standard suites begin at $275. You can call the hotel for reservation at (858) 454-1513. The Parisi Hotel is located at 1
17、111 Prospect St. right across from La Valencia.C 6.The Parisi Hotel is described as _.A) a luxury hotel with comfortable facilitiesB) a large hotel famous for its rooms facing the oceanC) a good place for escaping away from the noisy cityD) a tourist attraction full of amazing cornersD 7.When you en
18、ter the lobby, you will find that _.A) it is decorated with Mediterranean furnitureB) the walls are painted in warm neutral bright colorsC) there is a large fireplace burning all the timeD) sunlight comes through the window in the sloping roofD 8.Why is the Parisi Hotel suitable for old people?A) Be
19、cause all the rooms are like suites.B) Because it has fashionable furnishings.C) Because it is in the center of the town.D) Because it is peaceful to stay there.B 9.What special benefit can people get while staying in the Parisi Hotel?A) They dont need to drive to eat out in a restaurant.B) They can
20、 enjoy free parking.C) They can buy things cheaper in nearby shops.D) They can make a reservation by phone.A 10.Which of the following statements is True?A) The Parisi Hotel is a small restful hotel.B) Most guests staying the hotel are old people.C) The Parisi Hotel is in a secret place in San Diego
21、.D) You must make a reservation before entering the hotel.Passage ThreeBombay wasnt the ideal place to get sick not when my doctor, family and friends were half a world away. I was alone, quite ill and had to delay my flight home. Luckily, when booking my ticket months before, I had bought travel in
22、surance. So my illness didnt cost me a cent.Its actually pretty simple. A lot of unforeseen things can happen to you when youre traveling. Make sure youre prepared for all of them.A good health insurance policy will get you proper medical attention anywhere in the world outside your home province at
23、 the insurance companys expense. The company will send you home if it is considered medically necessary and, if youre sick enough, it will send a nurse to accompany you. If you end up in a hospital and a doctor recommends that a family member come to your bedside, the insurance company will pay for
24、it. You may even get pocket money to make your hospital stay more comfortable.When I was sick in Bombay, I called the insurance company collect. It paid for a doctor (who came to my hotel room), all my medication, an extra night in the hotel and all my meals.Picture it: the day before your big trip
25、to Vancouver, you wake up with appendicitis (阑尾炎). You have no choice you have to cancel your trip. Your ticket, like most, is non-refundable and you cant make any changes. Youre about to lose all the money you put out for the ticket unless you bought cancellation insurance beforehand.Most travel pl
26、ans include some form of non-refundable element: your deposit, your flights, your cruise, your stay at the all-inclusive resort. That non-refundable portion is what youll lose if you have to cancel your trip in the event that you get sick and you dont have cancellation insurance.A 11.What happened t
27、o the author when he was in Bombay?A) He fell ill and couldnt go home as scheduled.B) He didnt buy travel insurance.C) He spent a lot of money on curing his illness.D) He couldnt get in touch with his family and friends.D 12.With a health insurance policy, if you get sick traveling away from home, _
28、.A) you may get pocket money from the local hospital you are inB) your family members may go to see you at the insurance companys expenseC) you may choose to stay in the best local hospitalD) you may get a nurse from the insurance company to take care of youC 13. Which item was paid by the insurance
29、 company when the author was ill in Bombay?A) His trip to Bombay.B) All his hotel rates.C) All his meals at his hotel.D) His travel insurance policy.B 14. With cancellation insurance, you can _.A) have a choice where to go and where to stayB) get your money back when canceling your travel ticketC) e
30、njoy a reduced rate of travel expenseD) buy a refundable ticket at the ticket officeD 15. From the passage we may say that _.A) a health insurance policy is more useful than a cancellation insurance policyB) a cancellation insurance policy can make your trip safe and comfortableC)when you get sick w
31、hile traveling away from home, youd better buy a health insuranceD) travel insurance is strongly recommended when you travel away from homepassage 2Ideas about education are changing in the United States. Education today is not just a high school diploma（文凭）or a college degree. Many adults are not i
32、nterested in going to college. They are interested in other kinds of learning. For them，learning does not end with a diploma. Continuing education gives these adults the opportunity to increase their knowledge about their own field or to learn about a new field. It also gives them a chance to improv
33、e their old skills or to learn new ones. Scientists，mechanics（技师）and barbers（理发师）can take classes to improve their work skills. If they know more or learn more，they can get a better job or earn more money. Continuing education classes give more adults the chance to learn new skills. There is usually
34、 a large variety of classes to choose from: typing，foreign cooking，photography，auto repair，furniture repair，or swimming. There are only some of the classes available. Some adults take classes for fun or because the class will be useful for them. Other adults take continuing education classes to impr
35、ove their own lives because they want to feel better about themselves. Almost any community college or public school system has a continuing education program. There are classes in schools，community buildings or churches. Most classes are in the evenings，so working people can attend. The classes are
36、 usually small，and they are inexpensive.D 6.The new idea about education in the U.S. is that _.A）everyone should get a college degree B）its no use for adults to go to collegeC）a high school diploma is the end of educationD）adults should go on learning after graduating from schoolA 7.Whats the purpos
37、e for adults to continue their education?A）Enlarge their knowledge and learn new skills.B）Catch up the opportunity to get a higher degree.C）Learn morn basic knowledge to get a diploma.D）Make themselves live a more comfortable life.C 8.Which of the following statements is TRUE?A）There are only a few
38、continuing education classes available for adults.B）Only those who want to get more money should go on with their education.C）People take continuing education classes for different reasons.D）All the people getting continuing education can get a good job.C 9.Usually，the continuing education program i
39、s given _.A）in a small size and expensively B）only for working peopleC）only in community buildings or churches D）by community colleges and public schoolsA 10.The best title for the passage would be _.A）Continuing Education ClassesB）The Importance of a College Degree C）A Good Way to Earn More MoneyD）
40、Different Choices for Adults Passage 3Dear Sir, I am very happy to apply for the position of secretary, which you advertised in China Daily of December 10, 2010.I have been working as a secretary at a college office. Because I am the only secretary in the office, it is necessary for me to work quick
41、ly and efficiently and to be flexible in my daily work. Professors value my work and my ability to meet their needs.Although I am happy now, I feel that my promotion(晋升)is limited here, and I would like to have a more challenging job. Therefore, I enroll (参加) in a program to expand my knowledge of i
42、nternational business affairs. Now, both my English and Chinese have been improved and I am ready to begin working as a bilingual secretary in an international company like yours, and I believe I can be a great help to your firm.The enclosed resume gives further details of my qualifications, and I w
43、ould appreciate if you could give me an opportunity to have an interview. I am looking forward to receiving your call at or please use the enclosed pre-paid postcard to send me your reply. Thank you very much for your consideration.Faithfully Yours,Mary LeeB 11. The writer wants to change her job be
44、cause _.A) she had difficulty handling her daily work efficientlyB) she can hardly get a chance to be promotedC) she finds her present job too challengingD) she is tired of her duties at the collegeA 12. In order to prepare herself for a more satisfactory job, the writer _.A) has taken part in speci
45、al business program B) tries to get the professors high praisesC) has worked much harder on her job D) has to prove herself to be efficientC 13. A bilingual secretary (Line4, Para.3) differs form other secretaries in that he or she can _.A) operate a computer B) do the job efficiently C) speak two l
46、anguages D) write official documentsA 14. The writer of the letter enclosed a pre-paid postcard to _.A) request a written reply B) make an appointmentC) get more information D) express her thanksB 15. By sending this letter, the writer expected to _.A) draw the attention of the companyB) get an oppo
47、rtunity for an interviewC) apply for a suitable position in China DailyD) obtain more information about the company1) 我认为我们在保护环境不受污染 (pollution) 方面还做得不够。I dont think we are doing enough to protect our environment from pollution.2) 玛丽觉得单靠自己的力量执行她的计划是困难的。Mary thought it difficult to carry out her plan all by hersel