读写任务写作流程及技巧.doc

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1、读写任务写作指导一、读写任务写作基本流程一）阅读材料内容，为概要写作做准备根据写作内容，预测材料内容，带着疑问去阅读材料，迅速捕捉要点。1）.议论文：论点、论据和结论。主题句或结论句。（若文中有一分为二的观点的，两种观点都要概括，不要漏掉其中一方的观点。）2）.记叙文：时间，地点，（什么）人，（做了什么）事，结果（怎么样）。（若是夹叙夹议的文章，还要加上作者的看法、观点、感悟。）基本框架是：谁做了什么？-结果怎么样？- 文章揭示了什么？ (包括作者的看法、观点、感悟，或写作目的。假如原文没有提及，概括时可以不写)3）.说明文和新闻报道：中心句(多在首段)，对现象分析型说明文，要找出“现象” “

2、造成这种现象的原因”“解决这种现象或问题的措施或建议”。4）.发言稿和书信： 明确作者的态度，把握作者的写作目的。二）写概要：用自己的话转述原文的内容要点，用同义替换、语态转换、合并句子等方式三）写正文：紧扣题目要求的三个要点1、写主题句：依次用三个段落来写,每个段落前用一个主题句, 2、主题句展开：在写好各个段落的主题句后,接着或提供论据,或说明理由,或分析原因,或描写经过。 二、如何写主题句（具体见二轮复习资料P168）1. 直接回答： 如： 上文使你想起哪位对你帮助最大的老师。(2012广东)This passage reminds me of my English teacher, M

3、iss Li, who helped me a lot. 2. 翻译要点：如：中学生活和大学生活的差别。(2008广东高考)From my point of view, college life will be different form the life in high school. 3. 明示观点对作者写感谢信这种习惯的看法。(2012茂名二模)I think highly of the authors habit of writing thank-you letters because 4. 引出经历：如：讲述一次你(或你的朋友)想家的经历。(时间、地点和起因)(2011广东)Sam

4、s story reminds me of my similar experience. 5. 说出感受你读这篇演讲稿后的感受。(2011广州一模)After reading this speech，I felt really sorry for the student. 三、主题句展开方法 （具体见二轮复习资料P169） (一)说明原因“网上售票”引起人们不满的原因。(2012湛江二模) (引出原因)Reasons for the problems of buying tickets on-line are divided. (分析原因) On the one hand, for peasa

5、nt workers, lacking the knowledge of computers has got them into trouble. 二)阐明理由 你是否赞成文中对出国游学的看法？(2012广州二模) (提出观点) Though expensive, I still think study tours are worthwhile. (阐明理由) “A million miles is better than a million books” Just as the saying goes, and my experience on my own 2 week study tou

6、r of the UK confirmed this.(三)逐条列举(1) 你认为建设绿色校园应该采取哪些措施。(2011东山中学) (主题)In order to build a green campus, effective measures should be taken.(列举)On the one hand, the school should make rules and regulations to prevent students doing harm to our green campus. On the other hand, students should take so

7、me classes to enhance their awareness envionmental protection (结尾) There is no doubt that our campus will be more beautiful if we pull together.(四)细化主题你对考试作弊的看法。(2011揭阳二模) (主题)In my opinion, this phenomenon will have a very bad effect on middle school students learning habit.(细化)Those who usually ch

8、eat in exams will never treat their study seriously again because they believe they will always get good marks without working hard. Those who never cheat in exams will consider its unfair for them, thinking studying hard is not necessary五)说明结果你对国家“禁止商场免费提供塑料袋”的看法。(2008深圳一模) It is necessary for the

9、government to forbid shops from offering free plastic bags. With this ban, shopping customers would gradually form a habit of bringing environmentally-friendly bags with them so that the consumption of plastic bags would be greatly reduced. (六)叙述经过你或你同学的留堂经历。(2011佛山一模)六） (引出经历) This reminds me of my

10、 friend Li Huas experience in primary school.(叙述经过) One day, he was talking with another classmate in class although the teacher had warned him several times. As a result, he had to stay for an extra hour after school. 七)举例证明 努力是成功的重要因素。 (提出观点) Efforts are the most important thing to help you achiev

11、e success. (举例证明)Take Helen Keller for example. Helen Keller was born deaf and blind. However, she made every effort to learn to speak and write. With a great deal of persistence, she finally became a writer and lecturer, who also became an inspiration to all. 读写任务段落主题句写作技巧及模板句1.直接回答要点, 2.重述要点,表明立场,

12、3. 引出经历, 4.总述原因 ,5引出建议、方法、 措施、步骤, 6. 说出感受 1.直接回答要点 对你来说，节俭是什么？(2014广一模要点1) As for me, being thrifty means valuing money and making the most of what I have.如果题干是问句, 可针对此问题作出 简单明了的回答，作为该段主题句 可参考词汇： 在我看来/依照我的看法/依我之见/就我而言 In terms of me /As for me/In my opinion / From my point ofview/Personally speaking

13、 As far as I am concerned/, From my perspective 课堂训练：直接回答要点- 1.你理想中的大学生活是什么样的？(2008要点2)As for me, the ideal college life is wonderful/ relaxing.2.假如你处在那些动物的处境，你会有什么反 应？ (2009要点2 ) If I were one of the animals in the wild park, I would feel annoyed when people keep photographing with me.3.上文使你想起哪位对你帮

14、助最大的老师？ (2012要点1) This passage reminds me of my Chinese teacher, Mr.Li, who helped me a lot.2.重述要点 你认为节俭是否重要? (2014广一模要点2) I think we cannot emphasize the importance of thrift too much.题干要求说明某事的重要性、意义、差别、利 弊等，这类主题句并不直接回答要点的提问, 而 是重复要点作为段落的主题句，具体回答则通 过其后的拓展句体现。 例如，要点是“谈谈的重要性”，主题句则为 “有重要作用”，要点是“谈谈有何重要

15、 意义”，主题句可直接说“很有意义”等。 课堂训练 重述要点- 1.中学生活和大学生活的差别，及你打算如何适 应。 (2008要点3) From my point ofview, college life will be different from the life in high school.2.想家给学习和生活带来的影响。(2011要点2) Being homesick did affect myhisher study and life a lot.3.你怎样看待老师对学生的影响(2012要点3) Teachers can have great influences on stude

16、nts.3.表明立场 你是否赞同报道中那位老人的做法并说明理由 (2014清远调研考要点1) I cannot agree more with what the cleaner did.明确表示对某观点支持、赞同或反对、不赞同。 表明立场:明确表示对某观点支持、赞同 或反对、不赞同。 表示支持或赞同的句型： I cant agree more with the statement that I am in favor of I appreciate that I approve of the idea that I agree with what the writer said/says.表示

17、反对或不赞同的句型： I disagree with the idea that I am opposed to the idea that I disapprove of the idea that I am against the 课堂训练- 1.你认为是否应该禁止游客和动物拍照.(09要点3) I believe that taking photos with animals should be banned.2.你对用金钱鼓励孩子学习的看法。 (2010要点1) 表示支持或赞同： I agree with the idea of using money to encourage kid

18、s to get good marks.表示反对或不赞同： I disagree with the idea that people use money to encourage kids to get good marks.4.引出经历 要点：描述你或你的朋友在此灾难发生时的一 次经历。(14年惠二调) It reminds me of my experience during the typhoon which hit my hometown several days ago.用来引出记叙文的具体事例。 引出经历常用句式： 1.This story reminds me of a simi

19、lar experience of.2.I happen to have a similar experience / I also went through such an experience.3.The passage brings me back to 4.After reading the story above, I recall the experience of my friend who 5.It occurred to me that my friend had a similar experience.课堂训练 引出经历- 1.讲述一次你（或你朋友）想家的经历。 (11年

20、高考要点1) The story reminds me of my similar experience of being homesick.Each of us may have the experience of missing our family, me included.2.你或你同学的做兼职的经历。 It occurred to me that I once had a similar experience of taking a part-time job.This reminds me of an unforgettable experience of my part-time

21、 job.综合运用随堂练习 写作内容 以约120个词谈谈你对“如何对待孩子的错误” 的看法，内容包括： (1)描述一次你犯错的经历及你父母对 此的反应； 引出经历 (2)评价你父母的做法；表明立场 (3)你认为家长应该如何对待孩子的错误。 直接回答要点 综合运用随堂练习 (1)描述一次你犯错的经历及你父母对 此的反应；(引出经历) The passage reminds me of my experience.(2)评价你父母的做法；(表明立场) I appreciated how my father handled the problem very much.(3)你认为家长应该如何对待孩子

22、的错误。 (直接回答要点) In my opinion, adults should deal with the misbehaviors of kids properly.综合运用-课后练习 2013 年高考读写任务: 写作内容 1.以约30词概括上文的主要内容。2.以约120个词谈谈你对平凡工作的想法， 内容包括： (1)描述清洁工工作的艰辛； （重述要点） (2)假如没有清洁工，环境会变得如何？（ 直接回答 ）(3)你对平凡的工作的看法（ 直接回答 ）There is no doubt that what a cleaner does is harder compared with an

23、y other jobs in the society. Nobody could imagine what an bad environment we would live in if there were no cleaners in the city.From the above , I can draw the conclusion safely that even the smallest and the most ordinary job, such as cleaning the street is also the necessary part to keep the soci

24、ety going smoothly.5.总述原因 (汉字拼写错误) 谈谈造成这种现象的原因。 (2014惠州调研考要点2) What causes this phenomenon? There are several reasons for this phenomenon.题干要求对某事阐明原因，主题句可指出“有几 种原因”“原因如下”或“原因显而易见”，等 总述原因 常用句式： 1.My views are based on the following reasons.2.The reasons for can be listed as follows.3.Various reasons

25、might result in the above phenomenon.4.Reasons for this phenomenon are obvious/ various 5.The reason why is that 课堂训练总述原因- 1.人们在参观动物园时为什么喜欢和动物拍照 (2009年要点1) 重述：人们在参观动物园时喜欢和动物拍照.When people are visiting a zoo, they like to take photos with animals for the reasons as follow.First,.Secondly,.Thirdly, (2

26、) 掌握急救知识为什么那么重要。 Reasons why we should know some knowledge about first aid are varied 6.引出建议、方法、措施、步骤 在日常生活中，我们如何做到节俭勤俭节约，杜 绝浪费？(2014惠州调研考要点3) To be thrifty and fight against wasting in our daily life, we should.Besides, .引出建议、方法、措施、步骤 题干要求就某事提出一些建议、方法、措施、步骤， 可参考以下句型： 1.We should take some effective

27、 measures to solve the problem.2.We should try our best to overcome the difficulties.3.It is necessary that proper action should be taken to end the phenomenon.4.I would like to share some advice/suggestions on.引出建议、方法、措施、步骤 1.你认为建设绿色校园应该采取哪些措施？ In order to build a green campus, effective measures s

28、hould be taken.2.你的父母（或其他亲人）是如何鼓励你学习的； (2010要点2) My parents often adopt some effective ways to encourage me to study hard.3.说说人们对环境保护所采取的措施。 Luckily, people are taking more and more measures to protect the environment.7.说出感受 1.写作要点：你读这篇演讲稿的感受。 如：读完这篇讲稿，我为国人感到自豪。 After reading this speech, I felt rea

29、lly proud of the Chinese people.2.写作要点：你读完这个故事的感受。 如:这个故事使我深受启发。 I was deeply inspired by such a story. 说出感受 关于感受的形容词 relaxed（放松的） moved(感动的) happy ,pleased,glad, delighted（高兴的） angry，annoyed（生气的）nervous（紧张的） unhappy，sad（不开心的） disappointed （失望的） grateful ,thankful （感激的） worried，anxious（担心的，焦虑的） upse

30、t （烦心的，不安的） frustrated （沮丧的） surprised,amazed，astonished（惊讶的） confident（自信十足的） proud （自豪的） encouraged，inspired （受鼓舞的） frightened,scared,afraid（害怕的）lonely(孤独的) determined （下定决心的） hopeful（充满希望的） hopeless （毫无希望的） homesick（想家的） 说出感受 常用句式： 1.After reading this speech, I feel really sorry for the student阅

31、读这篇演讲稿后，我为那个学生 感动惋惜。2.Having read the passage, I have a better understanding of读完这篇文章后， 我对 有了更深刻的了解。 3.What inspired/ impressed me most was that 让我最受启发/让我印象最深刻的是 课堂训练说出感受 1.(07年高考题)以约120个词表达你对父亲的感恩， 并包括如下要点： (1)读信后的感受； I was deeply moved after I read your letter.2.(08年高考题)以约120个词谈谈你理想的大学生 活，内容包括： (1) 对中学生活的感受； As for me, the middle school life is hard but meaningful and colourful as well