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1、 第十八讲 作文精讲（一） 姓名_学校_年级_【学习目标】 对于中考选择题型进行全面的盘点, 查漏补缺【知识要点】 （一）掌握英语写作技巧： （1）注意篇章结构，合理布局 开始部分（opening paragraph）说出文中的要点、核心问题。 正文部分（Body paragraphs）围绕主题开展叙述、讨论。 结尾部分（concluding paragraphs）对全文的总结和概括。 要做到全文中心突出、段落之间必须是有机地联系，内容完整、连贯。前后呼应，祛除与主题无关的内容。 （2）确定主题句 主题句是对全文的概括，是文章的主旨。它能在文章中起到“画龙点睛”的作用。通常主题句出现在一篇文章
2、的开头，而后，全文对主题句所提出的内容进行解释，扩展。 写主题句应注意以下几点： 归纳出你要写的文章的几个要点 提炼出一句具有概括性的话 主题句应具有可读性，抓住、吸引读者。 【知识要点】 学会巧用连接词 要想使文章有整体性、连贯性，就要学会正确使用连接词 表示罗列增加 First, second, third, First, then / next, after that / next, finally For one thing for another, On (the) one handon the other hand, Besides / whats more / in additi
3、on / furthermore / moreover / another / also, Especially / 表示时间顺序 now, at present, recently, after, afterwards, after that, after a while, in a few days, at first, in the beginning, to begin with, later, next, finally, immediately, soon, suddenly, all of a sudden, at that moment, as soon as, the mom
4、ent from now on, from then on, at the same time, meanwhile, till, notuntil, before, after, when, while, as during, 表示解释说明 now, in addition, for example, for instance, in this case, moreover furthermore, in fact, actually 表示转折关系 but, however, while, though, or, otherwise, on the contrary, on the othe
5、r hand, in contrast, despite, in spite of, even though, except (for), instead, of course, after all, 表示并列关系 or, and, also, too, not only but also, as well as, both and, either or, neither nor 表示因果关系 because, because of, since, now that, as, thanks to, due to, therefore, as a result (of), otherwise,
6、sothat, suchthat 表示条件关系 as (so) long as, on condition that, if, unless 表示让步关系 though, although, as, even if, even though, whether or, however, whoever, whatever, whichever, wherever, whenever, no matter how (who, what, which, where, when, whom) 表示举例 for example, for instance, such as, take for examp
7、le 表示比较 be similar to, similarly, the same as, in contrast, compared with (to)just like,just as, 表示目的 for this reason, for this purpose, so that, in order to, so as to 表示强调 in deed, in fact, surely, certainly, no doubt, without any doubt, truly, obviously, above all, 表示概括归纳 in a word, in short, in b
8、rief, on the whole, generally speaking, in my opinion, as far as I know, As we all know, as has been stated, as I have shown, finally, at last, in summary, in conclusion（三）掌握常用句型： 下面只列举比较常用的1. in order to 为了实现他的梦想，他学习非常努力。 He worked very hard in order to realize his dream. 2. in order that 她拼命干活以便到六
9、点时把一切都准备就绪。 She worked hard in order that everything would be ready by 6 oclock. 3. sothat 他们太累了，除了伸懒腰什么都做不了了。 They were all so tired that they could do nothing but yawn. 4. suchthat 天气非常冷，以致于街上一个人都没有。 It was such a cold day that there was nobody on the street. 5. would rather dothan do 他宁愿听他人讲而不愿自己
10、说。 He would rather listen to others than talk himself. 6. prefer doing to doing 他宁愿在精心准备后去做报告。 He prefers making speeches after careful preparation. 7. prefer to dorather than do 比起女人，男人总是宁可在家睡觉也不愿花那么多时间来购物。 Compared with women, men always prefer to sleep at home rather than spend so much time shopp
11、ing. 8. not onlybut also 在短短的三年的时间里她不但完成了所有课程，而且还获得了博士学位。 In just three years, she had not only finished all the lessons, but also received her doctors degree. 9. eitheror 如果考试过关，你可以买一个MP3或去云南玩一趟。 You could either buy an MP3 or go to Yunnan for a visit if you pass the exam. 10. Neithernor 他是一个无聊的人，既
12、不爱娱乐，也不爱读书。 He is a boring man. He likes neither entertainment nor reading. 11. as well as 他善良又乐于助人。 He was kind as well as helpful. 12. as well 这个小孩活泼又可爱。 The child is active and funny as well. 13. Onethe other 你看见桌子上有两只笔吗？一支是红色的，另一支是黑色的。 Have you seen two pens on the desk? One is red, the other is
13、 black. 14. Someothers 每个人都很忙，有些在读书，有些在写作。 Everyone is busy in classroom. Some are reading, others are writing. 15. make+adj /n 我们所做的可以让世界更美丽。 What we do will make the world more beautiful. 【经典例题】 A 写作题目-1 Knowledge or Experience Directions： You are allowed 40 minutes to write an essay no less than
14、150 words on the following topic. 1.some emphasize book knowledge2.others stress practical experience3.which one is more important？ Give your reasons to illustrate your opinion.范文：Which is more important in life， knowledge from the books you read， or personal experience you gain in reality？ The answ
15、er may vary from person to person. The young， educated may emphasize the former， and the old may stress the later.But in my opinion， they are of the same importance.Experience is priceless. How to become an efficient secretary？ How to prepare for your first child to come into the world？ There is so
16、much experience we need in careers， in life and even in academic studies. It helps one deal with the problems with ease and confidence. Especially activities and to accumulate experience of different kinds is more crucial.Experience， however， is limited in terms of time and space. For one thing， it
17、is impossible for anyone to experience all the important events and meet all the famous people. For another， as the speed with which skills are obsolete and new problems crop up is unprecedented because of the fast development of society， experience is far less adequate. Depending too much on it onl
18、y leads to narrow-mindedness and prejudice.One way to compensate for it is to read books. Books of various kinds can bring us almost unlimited additional experience. From books you can not only trace back to the wisdom of our antecedents， but keep up with the latest developments of science and techn
19、ology. To be sure， its secondhand experience. But it is the ideal supplement to our own limited experience. Few of us can travel around the world， or live long beyond one hundred years， but all of us can live many lives by reading books.Both book knowledge and personal experience are essential. Whil
20、e experience makes one more resourceful， book knowledge makes one more learned B 中国加入 WTO 后，有一大批外国人来我市河源参观。假设你是导游，请根据以下外宾简单介绍我市的情况。 要求： 1. 100 词左右； 2. 要点包括： a. 有悠久的历史，位于广东的东北部，离广州 198 公里，人口约 324 万。 b. 有许多名胜古迹，如苏家围（ Sujiawei ）；万绿湖（ WanluLake ）等等；万绿湖是一个很美丽的地方，湖水清澈，无污染；湖中有各种各样的鱼；你可以到那里划船，野餐，钓鱼，是度假的好去处。
21、你也可以去参观河源市博物馆，在那里你可以看到许多恐龙化石（ fossil ）。c. 祝大家在河源玩得愉快。 Ladies and gentlemen, Welcome to Heyuan, now let me introduce our city Heyuan to you. Heyuan is a city with a long history. It is in the northeast of Guangdong and 198 kilometres away from Guangzhou. It has a population of 3,240,000. There are ma
22、ny places of interest in Heyuan, such as Sujiawei Wanlu Lake and so on. Wanlu Lake is a beautiful place. The water is clean and not polluted. There are all kinds of fish in it. You can go boating, go fishing and have a picnic there. It is really a good place to spend your holiday. Besides, you can g
23、o and visit Heyuan Museum. There you can see a lot of dinosaur egg fossils. I hope you can enjoy yourselves in Heyuan. C Make Housework Is it good for students to do some housework Some people think students need not do any housework.They think the only thing students need do is to study well. I don
24、t think so. It is good for students to do some housework for three reasons. Firstly, to do some housework can make you independent.You cant depend on others all your life.So,you should learn to do some housework now. Secondly, to do some housework can keep you healthy and strong ,some hard housework
25、 can be regarded as a kind of physical exercise. Finally, to do some housework can share your parentswork .They must be happy if you say” Have a rest ,and I will do the housework” So I think it is good for students to do some housework.【经典练习】 A 甲型HINI流感 从电视上看到美国正流行甲型HINI流感（A/HINI flu）,部分学校停课你为你正在美国上
26、学的笔友Mike的健康与安全担心。请立即给他写一封email询问他的情况，并给他提出防护建议。 要点： 一询问 1.他的健康状况； 2.他们学校有无甲型HINI流感病例（A/HINI flu cases）； 3.他们是否还上学。 二建议 1.尽量呆在家里，少去人多的地方； 2.勤洗手；讲卫生 3.多开窗，保持空气新鲜； 4.多吃水果蔬菜。 B 卫生健康饮食:健康一直是人们关注的问题我校要举行以“关爱健康”为题的主题班会,请根据下表内容谈谈你的看法,写一篇80字左右的演讲槁。 保持健康的重要性保持健康的方法保持健康的结论9(你的看法?)1.多吃水果蔬菜保持饮食平衡避免含糖高脂肪高的食物2.多锻炼健身强体;3.鄙弃不良习惯(你的看法?) How to stay our health /fit? C 根据中英文提示，写出内容完整、意思连贯、符合逻辑的稿件。（字数不少于60词，英文提示词供选用） 有写学生不爱吃学校的午饭，常到校外去吃他们所喜欢吃的食物。但有些食物并不利于他们的身体健康。“英语角”打算针对这个问题展开讨论。请你准备一篇讨论稿，谈谈你的看法和建议。 参考词汇：not like, go out of school, be afraid, be back, more delicious, offer