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1、主谓一致口诀记忆第1页,本讲稿共17页I.只用单数的:只用单数的:II.就近一致的就近一致的III.用复数的用复数的IV可单可复的(语法原则)可单可复的(语法原则)第2页,本讲稿共17页I.只用单数的:只用单数的:主语抽象表单一,集体名词整体看;主语抽象表单一,集体名词整体看;and连接两名词,同人或物不可分;连接两名词,同人或物不可分;Every,each以及以及no,并用,并用and连名词;连名词;三三“e”neither不定代,所构合成正式单不定代,所构合成正式单;News,means,works,貌似复数实则单;,貌似复数实则单;还有还有ics结尾学科词,国,书,剧名兼格言结尾学科词,
2、国,书,剧名兼格言;时重长度与价值,主单不受随行控;时重长度与价值,主单不受随行控;many,more than连单数,名词数量一个半,连单数,名词数量一个半,谓语单数不多看。谓语单数不多看。第3页,本讲稿共17页1.主语抽象表单一,集体名词整体看;主语抽象表单一,集体名词整体看;非谓语动词、从句表单一概念、名词所有格作主语,非谓语动词、从句表单一概念、名词所有格作主语,谓语动词一般用谓语动词一般用单数单数.Seeing _(be)believing.When and where we should go _very important.My uncles _(be)not far from
3、here.isis is 第4页,本讲稿共17页2.and连接两名词,或人或物不可分;连接两名词,或人或物不可分;A writer and singer _coming to see us.Going to bed early and getting up early _(be)a good habit.The girls teacher and friend_ (be)a young doctor.3.Every,each以及以及no,并用,并用and连名词;连名词;Every boy and every girl _ going to college.Each boy and each g
4、irl _(want)to serve the people in the future.is is isis wants 第5页,本讲稿共17页4.三三“e”neither不定代,所构合成正式单不定代,所构合成正式单;Every,each,either,neither+ofEveryone,5.News,means,works,貌似复数实则单;,貌似复数实则单;The news _very exciting.The glass works _ set up in 1970.6.还有还有ics结尾学科词,国,书,剧名兼格言结尾学科词,国,书,剧名兼格言;The Selected Poems o
5、f Li Bai _(be)published long ago.was waswas第6页,本讲稿共17页7.时重长度与价值,主单不受随行控;时重长度与价值,主单不受随行控;当名词词组中心词为表时间、重量,距离,金额时,当名词词组中心词为表时间、重量,距离,金额时,谓语动词用谓语动词用单数单数。当主语后面跟有当主语后面跟有of,as well as,along with,with,rather than,like,but,except,besides,including,in addition to等介词短语时,谓语等介词短语时,谓语根据主语的单复数形式确定根据主语的单复数形式确定。The
6、teacher as well as the students _(be)excited.was第7页,本讲稿共17页8.many,more than连单数,名词数量一个半,连单数,名词数量一个半,谓语单数不多看。谓语单数不多看。many a+名词单数名词单数+谓语动词谓语动词单数单数 more than one+名词单数名词单数+谓语动词谓语动词单数单数Many a ship _(have)been damaged in the storm.More than one student_ seen the film.One and a half bananas _ left on the ta
7、ble.has has is 第8页,本讲稿共17页II.就近一致的就近一致的1.以以or,eitheror,neithernor,not onlybut also等连接的名词(代词)作主语时,谓语动词等连接的名词(代词)作主语时,谓语动词的单复数的单复数应根据就近一致的应根据就近一致的原则。原则。Neither you nor anybody else _(know)anything about it.2.there be 句型句型There_(be)a ruler,two pencils and an eraser in the pencil-box.3.倒装句中倒装句中Here _ a
8、bus and five cars.Between the two windows _ (hang)a picture.knows iscomeshangs第9页,本讲稿共17页III用复数的用复数的人们加警察,家禽并牛群,常作复数没问题;人们加警察,家禽并牛群,常作复数没问题;服装鞋袜及手套,自然全是用复数;服装鞋袜及手套,自然全是用复数;某些集体名词(某些集体名词(people,police,cattle)只当复数)只当复数看待,谓语只能用复数。看待,谓语只能用复数。The police are(be)searching for them.And,bothand 连接不同人与物,无疑也是用
9、连接不同人与物,无疑也是用复数。用复数。用and或或bothand连接并列主语,谓语连接并列主语,谓语动词通常用复数形式。动词通常用复数形式。Walking and riding are(be)good exercises.第10页,本讲稿共17页IV.可单可复的(语法原则)可单可复的(语法原则)可单可复有可单可复有8类,集体名词一大类,类,集体名词一大类,看做整体用单数,个体单看用复数;看做整体用单数,个体单看用复数;不定代词疑问词,部分、半数及剩余,不定代词疑问词,部分、半数及剩余,这些作主看内容,该单该复看含义;这些作主看内容,该单该复看含义;The加分词形容词,指人一定是复数加分词形容
10、词,指人一定是复数,若与分词指抽象,仍用单数莫迟疑;若与分词指抽象,仍用单数莫迟疑;one of引导定从句,修饰复数是真的,引导定从句,修饰复数是真的,若有若有the only在前头,从句指的是单一;在前头,从句指的是单一;人口数目与比例,大多、种类作主语;人口数目与比例,大多、种类作主语;许多、分数、百分数,是单是复看意义;许多、分数、百分数,是单是复看意义;四则运算随意。四则运算随意。第11页,本讲稿共17页1集体名词一大类,看做整体用单数,个体单集体名词一大类,看做整体用单数,个体单看用复数;看用复数;某些集体名词作主语,如果作为一某些集体名词作主语,如果作为一个整体看待,谓语动词用个整
11、体看待,谓语动词用单数单数;如果表示构成;如果表示构成整体的各个成员,谓语动词用整体的各个成员,谓语动词用复数复数。My family is(be)not a large one.My family are(be)watching TV.这类名词有:这类名词有:audience class club committee company crew crowd enemy government group party public team population group第12页,本讲稿共17页2.不定代词疑问词,部分、半数及剩余,这些作不定代词疑问词,部分、半数及剩余,这些作主看内容,该单该复
12、看含义;主看内容,该单该复看含义;1)Such _his words.2)Those who _(want)to go please sign your names here.3)It is I who _(be)leaving for Beijing4)All _(be)present.Lets begin the meeting.5)Now all _(have)been changed.All of my classmates _(work)hard.7)What we need _(be)doctors.What we need _(be)more time.are wantamare
13、hasworkareis第13页,本讲稿共17页3.The加分词形容词,指人一定是复数加分词形容词,指人一定是复数,若与分词指抽象,仍用单数莫迟疑;若与分词指抽象,仍用单数莫迟疑;“the+形容词(过去分词)形容词(过去分词)”作主语表人时,谓语作主语表人时,谓语通常用通常用复数复数;表物时,谓语动词用单数。;表物时,谓语动词用单数。The blind _(study)in special schools.4.one of引导定从句,修饰复数是真的,引导定从句,修饰复数是真的,若有若有the only在前头,从句指的是单一;在前头,从句指的是单一;This is one of the most
14、 important questions that _ been asked.She was the only one of the girls who _ late for the meeting.studyhavewas第14页,本讲稿共17页5.人口数目与比例,人口数目与比例,Population,proportion,number,amount,quantity a great number of/a great many+名词名词复复数数+谓语动词谓语动词复数复数a great deal of+不可数名词不可数名词+谓语动词谓语动词单数单数a(large)quantity of/(l
15、arge)quantities of+名词复数名词复数/不可数不可数名词名词+谓语动词与谓语动词与quantity的形式保持一致的形式保持一致a large amount of/amounts of+不可数名词不可数名词+谓语动词与谓语动词与amount 的形式保持一致的形式保持一致Ex.Large amounts of money _(be)spent on the bridge.A number of students _(have)gone to the countryside.werehave第15页,本讲稿共17页6.大多(大多(most,majority)、种类作主语;)、种类作主
16、语;Most of the studentsMost of the coal表种类比较:表种类比较:Men of this kind _(be)dangerous.This kind of men_(be)dangerous.复数谓语复数谓语单数谓语单数谓语are is第16页,本讲稿共17页7.许多、分数、百分数,是单是复看意义;许多、分数、百分数,是单是复看意义;四则运算随意。四则运算随意。1)a lot of/lots of/plenty of+_+谓谓语动词语动词_a lot of/lots of/plenty of+_+谓语谓语动词动词_2)分数,百分比分数,百分比+of+名词名词”作主语时,若作主语时,若of后的后的名词为复数名词,谓语动词一般用名词为复数名词,谓语动词一般用_;若;若of后的名词为不可数名词,谓语动词一般用后的名词为不可数名词,谓语动词一般用_。About three-fourths of the worlds surface _(be)covered with water.3).Three times five _ fifteen.名词名词复复数数复数复数不可数名词不可数名词单数单数复数复数单数单数 is is/are第17页,本讲稿共17页