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1、 2006 Aker Kvaernerpart of the Aker group 2022-2-26Slide 1 请问为什么？请问为什么？Why these happen? 2006 Aker Kvaernerpart of the Aker group 2022-2-26Slide 2 DRIVING SAFELY安全驾驶安全驾驶It is vital that whenever/wherever you are driving, you must remember that you are not the only one on the road.无论在何时何地驾驶，你必须记住路上不止
2、你一人。无论在何时何地驾驶，你必须记住路上不止你一人。It is also vital to remember that no matter how good your own driving skills are, someone else might do something careless, unsafe, or stupid.无论你自己的驾驶技术有多好，也会有人不小心，不无论你自己的驾驶技术有多好，也会有人不小心，不注意安全，或者做出愚蠢的行为。注意安全，或者做出愚蠢的行为。 2006 Aker Kvaernerpart of the Aker group 2022-2-26Slid
3、e 3 Basic Requirements 基本要求基本要求 Training 培训培训 Driving License 驾驶执照驾驶执照 Driving Experience 驾驶经验驾驶经验 Proper Maintenance of Vehicle车辆维护车辆维护 Good Health Condition健康状况良好健康状况良好 2006 Aker Kvaernerpart of the Aker group 2022-2-26Slide 4 Traffic accident statistics in 2005 2005年交通事故统计分析年交通事故统计分析Totally of 66
4、7,500 accidents took place. 104,000 people died and 494,000 people were seriously injured. Economic loss up to 3.37 billion RMB. Among these accidents:共计发生共计发生66.75万起万起,死亡死亡10.4万人万人;重伤重伤49.4万人万人;经济损失经济损失33.69亿元亿元.其中其中:1. Fatigue Driving 疲劳驾驶疲劳驾驶7,767 accidents happened, 2,231 people died, 5,735 pers
5、ons were seriously injured and economic loss up to 115 million RMB. 共发生事故共发生事故7767起起,死亡死亡2231人人;重伤重伤5735人人;经济损失经济损失:1.15亿元亿元.2. Speeding 超速超速 75,552 accidents occurred, 12,107people died, 47,068 persons were seriously injured and economic loss up to 330million RMB.共发生事故共发生事故75552起起,死亡死亡12107人人;重伤重伤4
6、7068人人;经济损失经济损失:3.3亿元亿元. 2006 Aker Kvaernerpart of the Aker group 2022-2-26Slide 5 Accidents 发生事故发生事故:25.46起起/254,600 casesPeople died 死亡人数死亡人数:4.95万人万人/ 49,500 personsSerious injury 重伤人数重伤人数:21.16万人万人/ 211,600personsEconomic loss 经济损失经济损失:13.14亿元亿元/1.314bRMBTraffic accidents statistic for first hal
7、f of 2005 2005年上半年交通事故统计年上半年交通事故统计 2006 Aker Kvaernerpart of the Aker group 2022-2-26Slide 6 Learn the lessons 前车之鉴前车之鉴 后事之师后事之师 Traffic accident cases during project construction phase项目施工交通事故案例项目施工交通事故案例 2006 Aker Kvaernerpart of the Aker group 2022-2-26Slide 7 Case one - 事故案例事故案例 一一:On 22nd Novem
8、ber 1995, some workers of one installation company were conducting work at the low temperature sphere in one Olefin plant. At around 10:30pm, the on-site oxygen was used up, the team leader stopped work and asked Mr. Deng (35 yrs, died) sending some of workers back to camp with a pick-up. 5 people w
9、ere in driver cabin and 7 persons were on the back of vehicle. While the pick-up traveled to the Repair Company on South Ethylene Road, it collided with another pick-up which parked at the right side of the road. The driver, Mr. Deng died on the scene, two people were seriously injured and three oth
10、ers were slightly injured. 1995年年9月月22日，某公司安装二公司部分职工在某烯烃厂低温球罐现场施工，约在晚日，某公司安装二公司部分职工在某烯烃厂低温球罐现场施工，约在晚10点半左右，点半左右，现场所需氧气用完，队长决定收工，并安排邓现场所需氧气用完，队长决定收工，并安排邓X（死者、男、死者、男、35岁）开金杯客货车送部分职工下班岁）开金杯客货车送部分职工下班回基地，驾驶室内坐回基地，驾驶室内坐5人，车厢内有人，车厢内有7人。当车行至乙烯南路检修公司附近，与停在右前方相对的一人。当车行至乙烯南路检修公司附近，与停在右前方相对的一辆金杯客货车相撞，造成事故，司机邓辆
11、金杯客货车相撞，造成事故，司机邓X当场死亡，另有当场死亡，另有2人重伤，人重伤，3人轻伤。人轻伤。Cause - - 事故原因事故原因:Poor safety awareness of driver Deng and high speed of night driving are the main reasons of this accident. A pile of sand on the road caused the right wheel slid and vehicle turned to the right accidentally; another pick-up just pa
12、rked at the right-front of the sand stack made the driver could not take proper action to avoid the collision due to the high speed. 司机邓司机邓X本人安全意识淡薄，夜间行车车速太快，是造成事故的主要原因。由于突遇路上的沙堆，本人安全意识淡薄，夜间行车车速太快，是造成事故的主要原因。由于突遇路上的沙堆，车右轮从沙堆边缘驶过造成打滑，迫使车辆右转弯。由于沙堆前右侧停有一辆相对的金杯客货车，车右轮从沙堆边缘驶过造成打滑，迫使车辆右转弯。由于沙堆前右侧停有一辆相对的金杯
13、客货车，致使来不及躲避和刹车，造成两车相撞。致使来不及躲避和刹车，造成两车相撞。 2006 Aker Kvaernerpart of the Aker group 2022-2-26Slide 8 Case two 事故案例二事故案例二:On 30 December 1997, driver Mr. Wang of one mechanic factory was driving 15T Nissan truck back from Tianjin. At about 5:40pm, the truck bumped against on one steel column (219) on t
14、he road due to the dusk and high driving speed on the Grade one highway. Driver Wang died lastly due to serious injury and the vehicle was damaged as well. 1997年年10月月30 日，某公司机械厂刁日，某公司机械厂刁XX和王和王X驾驶驾驶C/61797十五吨尼十五吨尼桑大货车送料仓带板到天津，桑大货车送料仓带板到天津，31日日10时时30分刁兆国驾车从天津出发返回。行至无棣县吃午分刁兆国驾车从天津出发返回。行至无棣县吃午饭，约在下午饭，约
15、在下午3:40左右刁左右刁XX将车交给王将车交给王X驾驶，约驾驶，约5:40左右，当车顺左右，当车顺XX路行至路行至XX镇时，天镇时，天色已晚，夜幕降临，视线太差，因在一级公路上行驶，车速较快，司机王色已晚，夜幕降临，视线太差，因在一级公路上行驶，车速较快，司机王X未看清路况，驾未看清路况，驾车撞在路中央车撞在路中央219的钢管柱上。王的钢管柱上。王X受重伤，抢救无效死亡；车辆损坏。受重伤，抢救无效死亡；车辆损坏。Cause 事故原因事故原因： Driver Wang did not concentrate on driving; drove fast and wanted to arrive
16、 early; could not take immediate action when encounter barrier.驾驶员王驾驶员王X思想麻痹，安全意思想麻痹，安全意识不强，因回家心切，将车开得较快，加之观察不够，以致遇到障碍物，采取措施不及。识不强，因回家心切，将车开得较快，加之观察不够，以致遇到障碍物，采取措施不及。 The steel column on the road was not removed after the road broadened; the color of the steel column is similar to the road; no safet
17、y sign provided. 公路拓宽后应公路拓宽后应拆除的钢柱未拆除，柱子颜色和马路颜色相近，不易区别，钢柱附近又未做任何安全标识以拆除的钢柱未拆除，柱子颜色和马路颜色相近，不易区别，钢柱附近又未做任何安全标识以引起人们注意，留下了事故隐患。引起人们注意，留下了事故隐患。 2006 Aker Kvaernerpart of the Aker group 2022-2-26Slide 9 Road conditions and traffic situations are unpredictable. Hazards exist everywhere. Heavy traffic can
18、come up within minutes. 道路交通壮况无法预料，隐患到处存在，情况会瞬间变得复杂。道路交通壮况无法预料，隐患到处存在，情况会瞬间变得复杂。 2006 Aker Kvaernerpart of the Aker group 2022-2-26Slide 10 DC/Toyo/AK Driving Requirements DC/Toyo/AK驾驶要求驾驶要求 Obey all speed limits site speed limit is ?km/h. 遵守所有限速规定遵守所有限速规定 现场限速为？公里现场限速为？公里/小时。小时。Passenger quantity k
19、ept within the limit of the rated number. 确保乘客数量不超过车辆额定人数。确保乘客数量不超过车辆额定人数。No person is allowed in any truck/pick-up compartment. 货车货车/皮卡车车厢不得违章载人。皮卡车车厢不得违章载人。Overtaking can only happen while the front vehicle is running lower than the speed limit of the road. 只有当前面车辆速度低于道路限速时才可以超车。只有当前面车辆速度低于道路限速时才可
20、以超车。Signal you intention in advance. 提前给出你意图的信号。提前给出你意图的信号。Do not overtake from right side. 不得从右侧超车。不得从右侧超车。 Driver and passenger will always wear seat belt while vehicle is in motion. 驾驶员和乘客在车辆运行全过程都要系好安全带。驾驶员和乘客在车辆运行全过程都要系好安全带。When in field, stay in vehicle unless you have proper PPE. 在现场时，在现场时， 没
21、有合适的个人防护用品不得离开驾驶室。没有合适的个人防护用品不得离开驾驶室。Do not drive if you are tired or sleepy. 昏昏欲睡或疲倦时不得驾车。昏昏欲睡或疲倦时不得驾车。 2006 Aker Kvaernerpart of the Aker group 2022-2-26Slide 11 Make sure all passengers wear seal belts before moving vehicle. 车辆移动前确保每位乘客已系好安全带。车辆移动前确保每位乘客已系好安全带。Passenger should not unbuckle seat b
22、elt and leave the seat before vehicle has been fully stopped. 车辆未完全停稳前乘客不得解开安全带而提前起身离开座位。车辆未完全停稳前乘客不得解开安全带而提前起身离开座位。The driving time in one day and one week should not exceed 10 hours and 60 hours respectively. 一天和一周的总驾车时间分别不超过一天和一周的总驾车时间分别不超过10小时和小时和60小时。小时。 Its not allowed to use mobile phone or o
23、ther two-way communication tools during driving or at fuel station. 开车或在加油站时不得使用手机或其它双向通信工具。开车或在加油站时不得使用手机或其它双向通信工具。 Inspect vehicle everyday, before and after long distance travel in accordance with inspection checklist. 根据检查清单每天以及长途出车前后对车辆进行检查。根据检查清单每天以及长途出车前后对车辆进行检查。Do not drive after drinking (a
24、lcohol). 禁止酒后驾车。禁止酒后驾车。Wear working badge during duty time. 工作时配戴好胸卡。工作时配戴好胸卡。Smoking is not allowed in vehicle. 禁止在车内吸烟。禁止在车内吸烟。Its not allowed to eat food during driving. 驾车时不得进食。驾车时不得进食。DC/Toyo/AK Driving Requirements DC/Toyo/AK驾驶要求驾驶要求 (Continued续续) 2006 Aker Kvaernerpart of the Aker group 2022-
25、2-26Slide 12 Rest 15 minutes after consecutive driving of two hours. 连续驾车两小时后休息连续驾车两小时后休息15分钟。分钟。Passenger vehicle should not carry any hazardous / poisonous material. 禁止载人车辆携带任何有毒有害材料。禁止载人车辆携带任何有毒有害材料。 All vehicle must be equipped with proper size of fire extinguisher, first-aid kit, triangle sign,
26、 spare tire, jack and tools for changing tire. 每辆车均应装备小型便携式灭火器每辆车均应装备小型便携式灭火器, 适当的急救包适当的急救包, 三角危险标志三角危险标志, 备用车胎备用车胎,千斤顶以及更换轮胎的工具。千斤顶以及更换轮胎的工具。You must be at appointed stand-by location during duty time. 上班时间上班时间, 应在指定地点待命。应在指定地点待命。Any travel or absence from duty must be approved by authorized vehicl
27、e administrator. 任何出车或需要离开岗位的行为必须事先征得车辆管理人员的同意。任何出车或需要离开岗位的行为必须事先征得车辆管理人员的同意。 When you are not feeling well during driving, you must stop at safe place and call for help immediately. Do not continue driving no matter how time is limited. 驾驶过程中如果身体有不适情况，应立即将车停到安全驾驶过程中如果身体有不适情况，应立即将车停到安全位置并寻求帮助。无论时间多么
28、紧迫都不要继续驾驶。位置并寻求帮助。无论时间多么紧迫都不要继续驾驶。DC/Toyo/AK Driving Requirements DC/Toyo/AK驾驶要求驾驶要求 (Continued续续) 2006 Aker Kvaernerpart of the Aker group 2022-2-26Slide 13 Strictly comply with national road and traffic rules and regulations. 严格遵守国家有关道路交通安全管理规定。严格遵守国家有关道路交通安全管理规定。Do not overtake by running over re
29、al line. 不得跨实线超车。不得跨实线超车。Keep safe distance with front vehicle. 和前车保持安全距离。和前车保持安全距离。Use indicator when turning or changing lane. 转弯或变道时打转向灯。转弯或变道时打转向灯。Do not turn direction, merge or change lane suddenly. 不得突然转弯，变道或并道。不得突然转弯，变道或并道。Never running in neutral gear. 不得空档滑行。不得空档滑行。Always obey traffic sign
30、al. 遵守交通信号。遵守交通信号。Keep to be happy when you are driving. 开车时保持心情舒畅。开车时保持心情舒畅。Do not have any kind of racing with other vehicle during driving.驾驶过程中不得和其它车辆有任何形式的竟赛行为。驾驶过程中不得和其它车辆有任何形式的竟赛行为。Drive with courtesy. 礼貌行车。礼貌行车。Do not leave the vehicle unattended when engine is still running or key is not wi
31、th you. 人不在车上时，人不在车上时， 车要熄火并将钥匙随身携带。车要熄火并将钥匙随身携带。DC/Toyo/AK Driving Requirements DC/Toyo/AK驾驶要求驾驶要求 (Continued续续) 2006 Aker Kvaernerpart of the Aker group 2022-2-26Slide 14 Vehicle must be parked at approved location and will not create any inconvenience to other vehicle or work. 车辆必须停放在指定地点并不得影响其它车
32、辆通行或工作的开展。车辆必须停放在指定地点并不得影响其它车辆通行或工作的开展。When parking vehicle, the front of vehicle should face outwards (reverse parking). 停车时车头应向外。停车时车头应向外。Do not take the road that your are not familiar with or authorized to use. 不要选择你不熟悉或未授权使用的道路。不要选择你不熟悉或未授权使用的道路。Pull the vehicle to the right place when passenge
33、r needs to get off/out. 乘客要下车时将车停到合适的地点。乘客要下车时将车停到合适的地点。Keep window, front screen, back-view mirror/window clean at all time to maintain clear view. 一直保持车窗，一直保持车窗， 挡风玻璃，挡风玻璃， 后视镜后视镜/窗清澈透明以获得良好视线。窗清澈透明以获得良好视线。Do not use air-horn or press horn for long time. 不得使用气喇叭或长时间鸣笛。不得使用气喇叭或长时间鸣笛。Focus on drivin
34、g and pay attention to the front, side and rear road condition. 专心驾驶，密切注视车辆前后左右的道路交通状况。专心驾驶，密切注视车辆前后左右的道路交通状况。DC/Toyo/AK Driving Requirements DC/Toyo/AK驾驶要求驾驶要求 (Continued续续) 2006 Aker Kvaernerpart of the Aker group 2022-2-26Slide 15 Vehicle enters into site must have vehicle pass or approved by aut
35、horized personnel as well as registered at the main gate. 进入现进入现场的车辆必须持有车辆通行证或经授权人批准并在门口登记后方可驶入。场的车辆必须持有车辆通行证或经授权人批准并在门口登记后方可驶入。Be aware of that the operator of heavy vehicle/equipment on site may not hear your horn due to loud voice. 明白工地上重型车辆明白工地上重型车辆/设备操作人员因为噪音太大可能听不道鸣笛声。设备操作人员因为噪音太大可能听不道鸣笛声。When
36、 driving on site, please give way to workers at all times. 现场驾驶时，现场驾驶时， 请让工人先行。请让工人先行。Transport of oversize (height/length/width exceed the truck carriage size) material on site must be approved by authorized staff. 工地上运工地上运输大件物品输大件物品/材料（超宽材料（超宽/超高超高/超长）时要事先经现场授权人员批准。超长）时要事先经现场授权人员批准。The depth of ti
37、re track should comply with 轮胎纹深度应符合轮胎纹深度应符合 Light vehicle 2mm 轻型车轻型车 2毫米毫米 Heavy vehicle10mm 重型车重型车 10毫米毫米Never run into any barricaded area on site without authorization.现场驾驶时未经许可不得驶入任何围护区域。现场驾驶时未经许可不得驶入任何围护区域。DC/Toyo/AK Driving Requirements DC/Toyo/AK驾驶要求驾驶要求 (Continued续续)part of the Aker group G
38、ood visibility is no accident良好的视野可以避免事故良好的视野可以避免事故part of the Aker group part of the Aker group you cannot see traffic on your left and right until it gets very close在非常接近之前，你看不到你左面和右面的情况。在非常接近之前，你看不到你左面和右面的情况。what you see with rear view mirror only仅用车内后视镜仅用车内后视镜你看到了什么你看到了什么gives you good informati
39、on about the traffic behind you给你有关你后面交通给你有关你后面交通情况的良好信息情况的良好信息BUT但是但是YOUR REAR VIEW (INSIDE) MIRROR IS NOT ENOUGH你车内的后视镜是不够的你车内的后视镜是不够的CLEARVIEW清晰的视野清晰的视野BLIND ZONE盲区盲区BLIND ZONE盲区盲区part of the Aker group CLEARVIEW清晰的视野清晰的视野other traffic stays in your view for longer其它的交通状况会在你的视野中停留更长的时间其它的交通状况会在你的
40、视野中停留更长的时间using your side mirrors plus rear view mirror用你的倒车镜和后视用你的倒车镜和后视镜镜the blind zones are smaller盲区会减小盲区会减小AND而且而且BLINDZONE盲区盲区BLINDZONE盲区盲区NORMAL SIDE MIRROR POSITION -(YOU CAN SEE THE SIDE OF YOUR CAR)通常倒车镜的位置（你可以看到你车的侧面）part of the Aker group clear view清晰的视野清晰的视野clear view清晰的视野清晰的视野clear vie
41、w清晰的视野清晰的视野You can see other traffic sooner and for longer你可以迅速地远距离查看其他车辆情况你可以迅速地远距离查看其他车辆情况NEW SIDE MIRROR POSITION -(YOU LOOK ALONG THE ROAD, NOT THE SIDE OF YOUR CAR)新的倒车镜位置（你看到是路而不是车的侧面）turn your mirrors out - make sure you see the road, not the side of your car向外调整倒车镜向外调整倒车镜-保证你只保证你只看到路，没有你车的侧面
42、看到路，没有你车的侧面you get only 4 small blind zones你只有四个小盲区你只有四个小盲区BLIND盲盲区区ZONEBLIN盲盲区区ZONEBLIN盲盲区区 ZONEBLIND盲盲区区 ZONEpart of the Aker group FIVE GOOD REASONS TO TURN OUT YOUR MIRRORS 向外调整你的车镜的五个好处向外调整你的车镜的五个好处You dont need to look over your shoulder so often (but its not a bad idea to do so) 你不需要经常向后看（尽管这
43、样做并不是个坏主意）你不需要经常向后看（尽管这样做并不是个坏主意）You need only a brief glance at the mirror to view the blind zone - at highway speeds, turning your head means 30m traveled. 你只需迅速瞥一眼镜子就可以了解盲区的情况你只需迅速瞥一眼镜子就可以了解盲区的情况 高速行驶时，回一下头的时高速行驶时，回一下头的时间意味着间意味着30米的距离。米的距离。Glancing at the mirror leaves the forward scene in your v
44、iew 看后视镜时前面情况仍在你的视野里。看后视镜时前面情况仍在你的视野里。Blind zones can be included in your visual scanning (which were all doing, of course)盲区仍可以看到（当然，我们都这样做）。盲区仍可以看到（当然，我们都这样做）。At night, no more glare from headlights into your mirrors. 晚上，镜中不会有车灯的反光。晚上，镜中不会有车灯的反光。 2006 Aker Kvaernerpart of the Aker group 2022-2-26S
45、lide 22 What causes the collision 什么引起车辆碰撞呢？什么引起车辆碰撞呢？Driver 司机司机95%Road condition路面环境路面环境28%Vehicle 车辆车辆 8% 2006 Aker Kvaernerpart of the Aker group 2022-2-26Slide 23 How to become a qualified driver?怎么样才能成为一个合格的司机呢？怎么样才能成为一个合格的司机呢？态度态度+动机动机+意识意识技技能能+Attitude + Awareness + Motivation + Skill 2006 A
46、ker Kvaernerpart of the Aker group 2022-2-26Slide 24 Seat position就座位置就座位置Adjust the position of the seat to get your foot can conveniently control the clutch, brake and accelerator step 调整座椅的位置，调整座椅的位置，让脚能方便的控制离合让脚能方便的控制离合器，刹车和油门踏板。器，刹车和油门踏板。Shoulder and back lean on the backrest of the seat 用肩膀和背用
47、肩膀和背靠住座椅的靠背。靠住座椅的靠背。Adjust the angle of backrest to make you hands can conveniently hold the top of steering wheel 调整靠背的角度，使你的双手能方便调整靠背的角度，使你的双手能方便的握住方向盘的顶部。的握住方向盘的顶部。 2006 Aker Kvaernerpart of the Aker group 2022-2-26Slide 25 Steering control 操纵方向盘操纵方向盘Put two hands on the 3/4 position of the steer
48、ing wheel 将双手放在方向将双手放在方向盘两侧，约盘两侧，约1/4-3/4的高度处。的高度处。Keep your fingers outside of the steering wheel to avoid injury by the returning force.请将拇指放在方向盘外侧，以免请将拇指放在方向盘外侧，以免被回轮打伤。被回轮打伤。Grasp the wheel, do not move your hands on the wheel 牢牢地握住方向盘，避免手在方向盘上牢牢地握住方向盘，避免手在方向盘上划来划去。划来划去。In case of quick turning,
49、 make sure at least one hand holding the wheel at all times. 在急转弯的时候，切在急转弯的时候，切勿空把，应随时保持勿空把，应随时保持有一只手握住方向盘。有一只手握住方向盘。 2006 Aker Kvaernerpart of the Aker group 2022-2-26Slide 26 Turning转弯转弯Adequate speed适当的速度适当的速度Reasonable position on the road 合理的路上行驶位置合理的路上行驶位置 Right gear 正确的档位正确的档位 2006 Aker Kvaer
50、nerpart of the Aker group 2022-2-26Slide 27 100km/hr 36m + 60m = 96mThe ideal condition: dry and hard road surface; good tire; car and canniness; focusing driver 理想条件理想条件 干燥，干燥， 坚实的路面坚实的路面, 良好的轮胎，良好的轮胎， 小轿车和机警，精神集中的司机。小轿车和机警，精神集中的司机。80km/hr 29m + 38m = 67m60km/hr 21m + 23m = 44m40km/hr 14m + 10m = 2