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1、 1 名词所有格的构成、用法及练习 名词在句中表示所有关系、所属关系、动作执行者及动作承受者等意义时常需用所有格形式。名词所有格也称为属格、主格，它主要包括s 所有格、of 所有格和双重所有格三种表现形式。名词所有格的用法：1.0 名词+s （主要用于有生命的事物或自然界独一无二的某些空间和时间名词的所有格）1.1 单数名词和不以-s 结尾的复数名词在词尾加s 构成所有格，例如：e.g.Jimmys book（吉米的书）Janes schoolbag（简的书包）Marks room（马克的房间）Qianqians mother（倩倩的妈妈）Childrens Day(儿童的节日、六一儿童节)M
2、ens Room 男厕所 Wuhans summer is very hot.(武汉的夏天非常热。)Qianqian s math is very good.(倩倩的数学很好。)1.2 复数名词以-s 结尾的只需要加 构成所有格。e.g.Twins father is Mr.Brown.(双胞胎的爸爸是布朗先生。)Girls favorite food is ice-cream.(女孩们最喜欢的食物是冰激凌。)the workers struggle 工人的斗争 2.0 名词 +of+名词 如果名词是无生命的，我们通常就要用名词+of+名词的结构来表示所有关系。例如：e.g.A bag of
3、mine=my bag (我的书包)The name of the girl=the girls name(女孩的名字)The window of the bedroom=the bedrooms window(卧室的窗户)3.0 特殊所有格 若一样东西为两人共有，则后一个人名用所有格；如果不是两人共有，而是各有各的，则两个名词都用所有格，且其后名词应为复数。例如：e.g.This is Tom and Jims room.这是汤姆和吉姆共有的房间。These are Toms and Jims rooms.这些是汤姆和杰森各自的房间。an hour and a halfs walk（步行一个
4、半小时的路程）4.0 s 所有格所修饰的词的省略现象 4.1 表示诊所、店铺或某人的家等地点名词，其名词所有格后的被修饰语常常省略。例如：e.g.I met her at the doctors（office）我在诊所遇见了她。He has gone to the tailors（shop）他到服装店去了。She went to MrBlacks（house）yesterday她昨天到布莱克先生家去了。4.2 名词所有格所修饰的词，如果前面已经提到过，往往可以省略，以免重复。例如：e.g.Whose pen is this？Its Toms这是谁的钢笔？是汤姆的。2 The bike is n
5、ot mine，but Wang Pinpins这辆自行车不是我的，是王品品的。4.3 在复合名词或短语中，s 加在最后一个词的词尾。e.g.a month or twos absence 4.4 作为一个整体的词组，一般在最后一个词的词尾加s。e.g.an hour and a halfs walk（步行一个半小时的路程）Carol and Charles boat（卡咯和查尔斯两人共有的船）4.5 不定代词后接 else,所有格放在 else 上。e.g.somebody elses bag 4.6.下列情况可以将 s 所有格中的名词省略。4.6.1 名词所有格所修饰的词,如果前面已经提到
6、，往往可以省略，以免重复。e.g.This notebook is not mine,nor Johns,nor Peters.这个笔记本不是我的，也不是约翰和比特的。The dictionary isnt mine,but Jennys.这本词典不是我的，而是珍妮的。4.6.2 名词所有格后面有指地点等的名词时,有的在习惯上可以省略。（同 4.1）e.g.Before Christmas,there were lots of customers at the Richarsons.the doctors（office）医生的诊所 my uncles（house）我叔叔的家 4.7 起修饰作用
7、的名词，如不表示所有关系，通常不用s。e.g.room number tooth brush 5.0 双重所有格及其用法 s 所有格和 of 所有格两种所有格形式结合在一起，构成of所有格形式，即双重的所有格。它通常表示部分观念，即全体中的一部分，在意义上与one of 相似，它主要修饰 of 短语之前的那个名词。此外，双重所有格与指示代词连用时，常带有感情色彩，如赞赏、不满、厌恶等。它的主要形式如下：5.1 名词of名词性物主代词。例如：e.g.a good friend of mine 我的一个好朋友 an interesting story of his 他的有趣的经历 5.2 名词of
8、s 所有格。e.g.He is a friend of my sisters （one of my sisters friends）他是我姐姐的一个朋友 Look at that long nose of Jacks看杰克的那个长鼻子。（感情色彩）试比较：a picture of Xiao Zhang 小张（本人）的照片 a picture of Xiao Zhangs 小张（具有的照片中）的一张照片 5.3 不定冠词、数词、某些不定代词（some，any，many，no，few 等）以及 which 等限定词，3 一般不与形容词性物主代词或s 所有格等一起放在名词前修饰名词，而采用 of 所
9、有格或双重所有格形式。例如：e.g.most of the students 学生中的大多数 three of them 他们中的三个人 I have read some books of his我读过他的一些书 Which book of Qiong Yaos have you read？你读过琼瑶的哪一本书？6.0 s 所有格、of 所有格和双重所有格三者之间的细微区别 请仔细比较下面三句话：5.41 She is Marys brothers friend 5.42 She is a friend of Marys brother 5.43 She is a friend of Mary
10、s brothers 5.41 句用的是s 所有格，侧重说明她和 Mary 的哥哥是朋友关系，突出 friend 一词。5.42 句用的是 of 所有格，侧重说明她和 Mary 的哥哥是朋友关系，强调突出了 Marys brother。5.43 句用的是双重所有格，侧重说明 Mary 哥哥的朋友不止是一个，她只是其中的一个。4 练习题：一、用所给词的适当形式填空。1.March 8th is _Day.(woman).2.Taking twenty _(分钟)exercise every day is good for your health.3.The shop sells _(妇女)han
11、dbags.4.Teachers in western countries have a _(三个月的)holiday in a year.5.Ill give my English teacher a card for _Day.(teacher)6.Its only ten _walk from the station to the hotel.(minute)7.Its an _(hour)ride from here to the museum.二、选择填空：1-Hows Joys skirt?-Her skirt is more beautiful than _.A.her sist
12、ers and Kate B.her sister and Kate C.her sister and Kates D.her sisters and Kates 2This is _ room.The twin sisters like it very much.A.Lucys and Lilys B.Lucys and Lily C.Lucy and Lilys 3In _ time,those mountains will be covered with trees,too.A.few years B.a few years C.a few year D.a few years 4We
13、will have a _holiday after the exam.A.two month B.twomonth C.two months D.twomonths 5Did you hear the _report?A.policemen B.policemens 5 C.policemens D.policemens 6Its about _walk from my home.A.ten minute B.ten minutes C.ten minutes D.ten minutes 7This is my dress.That one is _.A.Mary B.Marys C.sis
14、ter D.mother 8Every morning Mr.Smith takes a _ to his office.A.20 minutes walk B.20 minutes walk C.20-minutes walk D.20-minute walk 9Where is _ sweater?I cant see it.A.Lucy B.Lucys C.Lucys 10_ mothers made them have piano lessons.A.Peter and Anne B.Peters and Annes C.Peters and Anne D.Peter and Anne
15、s 11The room on the right is _.A.her B.she C.Lucys D.Lucy 12Well have a _ holiday.What about going to the West Lake?A.two days B.two-day C.two-days D.two-days（两天的假期：two days holiday/two-day holiday）13The market isnt far from here.Its only _ bicycle ride.A.half an hours B.half an hours C.half an hour
16、 D.an hour and a half 14Wheres your father?At _.A.Mr Greens B.Mr.Green C.the Mr.Greens 15The twin brothers always put small presents in _stockings on Christmas Day.6 A.each others B.each other C.each others D.each others 16My father will have a _ holiday next month.Hell take me to Qingdao.A.ten days
17、 B.ten days C.ten-days D.ten days 17Where have you been these days?I have been to Bei Daihe with a friend _.A.in Chinese B.of Japan C.of Americans D.from Canada 18When we saw the film Hero,I sat between Ted and Ben.That is to say my seat was between _.A.Ted and Ben B.Teds and Ben C.Ted and Bens D.Te
18、ds and Bens 19It is said that SARS has killed more than _ people worldwide.A.three hundreds B.three hundreds C.three hundreds D.three hundred 20Kate won the _ race in the summer sports meeting.A.100-metre B.100-metres C.100 metre D.100 metres(同 12 题)21Whose bike is it?Its _.A.John B.Johns C.Johns D.
19、Johns 22Ill give you _to finish the work.OK.A.two weeks time B.two weeks time C.two week time D.two weeks time 23_ desk is the cleanest in the classroom.A.Anns and Tom B.Ann and Toms C.Ann and Tom D.Anns and Toms 24My pen is black._ is blue.7 A.Kates B.Kate C.Kates 25Is this your room?No,its _room.A
20、.the children B.the childrens C.of the children D.the childrens 26Who is the man in the blue car?He is _ father.A.Kates and Marys B.Kate and Marys C.Kate and Mary D.of Kate and Mary.三、翻译。1._(李明的父母)work in a big hospital.2.This is _(我妹妹的语文书).3._(双胞胎的卧室)are very nice.4._(王平和王明的父亲)is a hotel manager.5.
21、They are _(Peter 和 Sam 的老师).6._(教师节)is on September 10th.7._(学生们的桌椅)are very new.8.We are very happy on _(儿童节).9.He is in _(老师的办公室)now.10.Please open _(教室的门).11._(赵敏的鞋)are white.12._(林红和张蔚的学校)is big and new.13._(John 和 Sally 的母亲)are American.14._(Tony 哥哥的电脑)is broken.8 15.Its _(妇女节)on March 8th.16.A
22、re these _(男生们的书包)?17.That is _(Tom 和李雷的教室).练习题答案：一、用所给词的适当形式填空。1.Womens 2.minutes 3.womens 4.three months 5.Teachers 6.minutes 7.hours 二、选择填空。15 DCBBB 610 BBDCB 1115 CBBAA 1620 BDDDA 2126 BBBCBB 三、翻译。1.Li Mings parents 2.My sisters Chinese book 3.The twins 4.Wang Ping and Wang Mings 5.Peter and Sams 6.Teachers Day 7.The students desks and chairs 8.Childrens Day 9.the teachers office 10.the door of the classroom 11.Zhao Mins shoes 12.Lin Hong and Zhang Weis school 13.Johns and Sallys mothers 14.The computer of Tonys brother 15.Womens Day 16.Boys schoolbags 17.Tom and Li Leis