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1、阅读技巧推断l 推断单词意思：典型例题2020年新高考卷13 According to a recent study in the Journal of Consumer Research, both the size and consumption habits of our eating companions can influence our food intake. And contrary to existing research that says you should avoid eating with heavier people who order large portion
2、s (份), its the beanpoles with big appetites you really need to avoid. What does the underlined word “beanpoles” in paragraph 1 refer to?A. Big eaters. B. Overweight persons. C. Picky eaters. D. Tall thin persons.点拨：画线词所在句句意为：现有研究说你应该避免和食量大的超重人士一起吃饭，与之相反你真正应该避免的是与大食量的beanpoles一起吃饭。由“contrary to exist
3、ing research”可推断，beanpoles的意思应与heavier people的意思相反，故D项符合语境，意为“瘦高个子”。对点练习1. (2020年新高考卷25)The end of the school year was in sight and spirits were high. I was back teaching after an absence of 15 years, dealing with the various kinds of “forbidden fruit” that come out of book bags. Now was the spring
4、of the water pistol (手枪). I decided to think up a method of dealing with forbidden fruit. “Please bring that pistol to me,” I said. “Im going to put it in my Grandmas Box.” “Whats that?” they asked. “Its a large wooden chest full of toys for my grandchildren,” I replied. “You dont have grandchildren
5、,” someone said. “I dont now,” I replied. “But someday I will. When I do, my box will be full of wonderful things for them.” My imaginary Grandmas Box worked like magic that spring, and later. Sometimes students would ask me to describe all the things I had in it. Then I would try to remember the di
6、fferent possessions I supposedly had taken awaysince I seldom actually kept them. Usually the offender would appear at the end of the day, and I would return the belonging. What do the underlined words “the offender” in paragraph 8 refer to?A. The students parent. B. The maker of the Grandmas Box. C
7、. The authors grandchild. D. The owner of the forbidden fruit. 2. 2020年全国卷30The fur trade kept nutria (海狸鼠) in check for decades, but when the market for nutria collapsed in the late 1980s, the cat-sized animals multiplied like crazy. What does the underlined word “collapsed” in paragraph 5 probably
8、 mean? A. Boomed. B. Became mature. C. Remained stable. D. Crashed. 3. 2019年全国卷25 But hes nervous. “Im here to tell you today why you shouldshould” Chris trips on the“-ld,” a pronunciation difficulty for many non-native English speakers. His teacher, Thomas Whaley, is next to him, whispering support
9、. “Vote forme” Except for some stumbles, Chris is doing amazingly well. When he brings his speech to a nice conclusion, Whaley invites the rest of the class to praise him. What does the underlined word “stumbles” inparagraph 2 refer to?A. Improper pauses. B. Bad manners.C. Spelling mistakes. D. Sill
10、y jokes. 4. (2018年全国卷29) In recent centuries, trade, industrialization, the development of the nation-state and the spread of universal compulsory education, especially globalization and better communications in the past few decades, all have caused many languages to disappear, and dominant language
11、s such as English, Spanish and Chinese are increasingly taking over. Which of the following best explains “dominant”underlined in paragraph 2?A. Complex. B. Advanced.C. Powerful. D. Modern.5. (2018年全国卷26) If you have a juicer, you can simply feed in frozen bananas and some berries or sliced fruit. O
12、ut comes a “soft-serve” creamy dessert, to be eaten right away. This makes a fun activity for a childrens party; they love feeding the fruit and frozen bananas into the top of the machine and watching the ice cream come out below. What is “a juicer” in the last paragraph? A. A dessert.B. A drink.C.
13、A container.D. A machine.6. (2017全国卷29) Gray wolves once were seen here and there in the Yellowstone area and much of the continental United States, but they were gradually displaced by human development. By the 1920s, wolves had practically disappeared from the Yellowstone area. They went farther n
14、orth into the deep forests of Canada, where there were fewer humans around. What does the underlined word “displaced” in the paragraph mean?A. Tested. B. Separated.C. Forced out. D. Tracked down.l 推断短语的含义典型例题2020年全国卷26 Yet “Apes” is more exception than the rule. In fact, Hollywood has been hot on li
15、ve animals lately. One nonprofit organization, which monitors the treatment of animals in filmed entertainment, is keeping tabs on more than 2,000 productions this year. Already, a number of films, including “Water for Elephants,” “The Hangover Part II” and “Zookeeper,” have drawn the anger of activ
16、ists who say the creatures acting in them havent been treated properly. What does the underlined phrase “keeping tabs on” in paragraph 3 probably mean?A. Listing completely. B. Directing professionally. C. Promoting successfully. D. Watching carefully. 对点练习1. (2019年全国卷25) “You can use me as a last r
17、esort (选择), and if nobody else volunteers, then I will do it.” This was an actual reply from a parent after I put out a request for volunteers for my kids lacrosse (长曲棍球) club. I guess that theres probably some demanding work schedule, or social anxiety around stepping up to help for an unknown spor
18、t.She may just need a little persuading. So I try again and tug at the heartstrings. I mention the single parent with four kids running the show and I talk about the dad coaching a team that his kids arent even onAt this point the unwilling parent speaks up, “Alright. Yes, Ill do it.”What does the u
19、nderlined phrase “tug at theheartstrings” in paragraph 2 mean?A. Encourage teamwork. B. Appeal to feelings.C. Promote good deeds. D. Provide advice. 2. (2019年全国卷26) “China is impossible to overlook,” says Hill. “Chinese models are the faces of beauty and fashion campaigns that sell dreams to women a
20、ll over the world, which means Chinese women are not just consumers of fashionthey are central to its movement.” Of course, not only are todays top Western designers being influenced by Chinasome of the best designers of contemporary fashion are themselves Chinese. “Vera Wang, Alexander Wang, Jason
21、Wu are taking on Galliano, Albaz, Marc Jacobsand beating them hands down in design and sales,” adds Hill. What do the underlined words “taking on” in paragraph 4 mean? A. learning from B. looking down on C. working with D. competing against 3. (2016年全国卷30) There are also varieties developed to suit
22、specific local conditions. One of the very best varieties for eating quality is Orleans Reinette, but youll need a warm, sheltered place with perfect soil to grow it, so its a pipe dream for most apple lovers who fall for it. What does the underlined phrase “a pipe dream in Paragraph 3 mean? A. A pr
23、actical idea. B. A vain hope.C. A brilliant plan. D. A selfish desire.4. (2015年全国卷22) My color television has given me nothing but a headache. .The set worked so beautifully when I first got it home that I would keep it on until stations signed off for the night. Fortunately, I didnt get any channel
24、s showing all-night movies or I would never have gotten to bed. Which of the following can best replace the phrase “signed off” in Pararaph 1? A. ended all their programs B. provided fewer channels C. changed to commercials D. showed all-night movies5. (2014年全国卷29) One of the latest trends in Americ
25、an childcare is Chinese au pairs. Au Pair in Stamford, Conn., for example, has got increasing numbers of requests for Chinese au pairs from zero to around 4, 000 since 2004. And thats true all across the country. “I thought it would be very useful for him to learn Chinese at an early age,” Joseph St
26、ocke, the managing director of a company, says of his 2-year-old son. “I would at least like to give him the chance to use the language in the future.” After only six months of being cared for by a 25-year-old woman from China, the boy can already understand basic Chinese daily expressions, his dad
27、says. What does the term “au pair” in the text mean?A. A mother raising her children on her own.B. A child learning a foreign language at home.C. A professor in language education of children.D. A young foreign woman taking care of children.推断句子的含义典型例题2018年全国卷32 Adults understand what it feels like
28、to be flooded with objects. Why do we often assume that more is more when it comes to kids and their belongings? The good news is that I can help my own kids learn earlier than I did how to live more with less. What do the words “more is more” in paragraph 1 probably mean?A. The more, the better.B.
29、Enough is enough.C. More money, more worries. D. Earn more and spend more.对点练习 1. (2017年全国卷33) Scientists have found that all kinds of plants give out VOCs when being attacked Some plants pump out smelly chemicals to keep insects away. But others do double duty. They pump out perfumes designed to at
30、tract different insects who are natural enemies to the attackers. Once they arrive, the tables are turned. The attacker who was lunching now becomes lunch. What does the author mean by “the tables areturned” in paragraph 3?A. The attackers get attacked.B. The insects gather under the table.C. The pl
31、ants get ready to fight back.D. The perfumes attract natural enemies. 2. (北京卷) When I lived for a time in London, I had a friend. He was in despair (失望)and I was in despair. But our friendship was based on the idea in each of us that we would be sorry later if we did not explore this great city beca
32、use we had felt bad at the time. We met every Sunday for five weeks and found many excellent things. We walked until our despairs disappeared and then we parted. We gave London to each other. What does the underlined sentence in Paragraph 3 probably mean?. Our exploration of London was a memorablegi
33、ft to both of us.B. We were unwilling to tear ourselves awayfrom London.C. Our unpleasant feeling about London disappeared.D. We parted with each other in London.3. (北京卷) So far scientists have focused mainly on public buildings. “We have a very limited number of studies, so were almost looking at t
34、he problem through a straw (吸管),” architect David Allison says. “How do you take answers to very specific questions and make broad, generalized use of them? Thats what were all struggling with.” What does the underlined sentence in the last paragraph probably mean?A. The problem is not approached step by step. B. The researches so far have faults in themselves. C. The problem is too difficult for researchers todetect. D. Research in this area is not enough to makegeneralized patterns. 6