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1、为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能学术英语学术英语 社科社科Academic English for Social Sciences为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能2 2EconomistJust as you cannot become a mathematician,psychologist,or lawyer overnight,learning to think like an economist will take time.How
2、ever,what is the economists way of thinking?What does it mean to think like an economist?By learning this unit,you will find the answers.为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Unit 2EconomicsLead-inText A Text BText CListening SpeakingWritingUnit Contents为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神
3、,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Lead-in Who studies economics?Unit 2Economics为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Lead-inJust as you cannot become a mathematician overnight,study economics and learn to think like an economist will take time.However who studies economics?Task 1 Listen to
4、a talk“Who studies economics?”and complete the sentences.Unit 2Economics为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Lead-inUnit 2Economics1 Economics can seem _ at first,but the field is fundamentally very _.2 Mick Jagger once studied at _.3 When asked in 2005 why The Rolling Stones were
5、going on tour again,Mick Jagger replied,“_.”abstractpracticalthe London School of EconomicsSupply and demand为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Lead-inUnit 2EconomicsTask 2 Listen to the talk again and complete the following table.NameProfessionRonald ReganMichael KinsleySteve Bal
6、lmerMick JaggerFormer President of the United States JournalistChief Executive Officer,Microsoft Singer for the Rolling Stones 为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Text ACritical reading and thinking Difficult sentences English language for academic purpose Specialized vocabulary C
7、ollocations Formal and informal English Signpost languageUnit 2Economics为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Text ACritical reading and thinking of Text AUnit 2EconomicsText AnalysisThesis:Economics is a science.The economist works as a scientist.为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教
8、育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Text ACritical reading and thinking of Text AUnit 2Economics1 Science and scientists have its own language,e.g.math,psychology,law.Economics and economists are the same,e.g.supply,demand,elasticity,consumer surplus.2 Science and scientists use scientific method,e.g.observation,de
9、vise theories,collect data,analyze,test,shown with the example of Isaac Newton.Economics and economists are the same;they use observation and theory,e.g.a theory of inflation.为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Text ACritical reading and thinking of Text AUnit 2EconomicsNatural sc
10、iences or Social sciences?Economics is a social science.为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Text ADifficult sentencesUnit 2Economicsl“The whole of science is nothing more than the refinement of everyday thinking.”(Para.4)“Science is all just about improving everyday thinking.”为深入学
11、习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Text ADifficult sentencesUnit 2Economicsl Yet,despite this lack of realism indeed,because of this lack of realism studying these models is useful for learning how the human body works.(Para.13)Yet,although the models are not exactly the same as real
12、 bodies actually just because they are not that realistic they are useful to help people learn how the human body works.为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Text ADifficult sentencesUnit 2Economicsl These models are stylized,and they omit many details.(Para.13)These models are arti
13、ficial rather than realistic,and they dont take many details into consideration.为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Text ADifficult sentencesUnit 2Economicsl Yet,despite this lack of realism indeed,because of this lack of realism studying these models is useful for learning how th
14、e human body works.(Para.13)Yet,although the models are not exactly the same as real bodies actually just because they are not that realistic they are useful to help people learn how the human body works.为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Specialized vocabulary l elasticity _l co
15、mparative advantage _l consumer surplus _l deadweight loss _l high inflation_l quantity of money _ l long-run effects of the policy _Text AEnglish language for academic purposeUnit 2Economics（需求等的）弹性（需求等的）弹性比较优势比较优势消费过剩消费过剩净损失净损失高通胀高通胀货币量货币量长期政策效应长期政策效应为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小
16、学图书室育人功能Specialized vocabulary l 经济政策制定者 _l 货币流通量 _l 供需供需 _l 货币政策 _Text AEnglish language for academic purposeUnit 2Economicseconomic policymaker amount of currency in circulation supply and demandmonetary policy为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能CollocationsText AEnglish languag
17、e for academic purposel address the subjectl devise/verify/refute theoriesl collect/analyze/generate datal the interplay between observation and theoryl doubt the validity of the theoryl face an obstaclel make do withl find a substitute for l simplify the complex world/realityl in circulationl omit
18、detailsUnit 2Economics为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Signpost languagecause and effect:clue words to indicate cause and effect:because therefore the reason consequently lead to,result from as a result is due to as a consequenceText AEnglish language for academic purposeUnit 2
19、Economics为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Signpost languagel Signpost language to introduce the topic:The main issues addressed in this paper are This study critically examines The objective of this paper is to.The purpose of this investigation is to.The aim of this paper is to
20、.This paper reports on the results obtained Text AEnglish language for academic purposeUnit 2Economics为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Signpost languagel Signpost language to introduce the topic:This study was designed to.This paper argues that.The rest of this paper is organiz
21、ed in the following way.This paper is structured as follows.The remainder of this paper is divided into five sections.This paper begins by It will then go on to Finally,Text AEnglish language for academic purposeUnit 2Economics为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Formal and informa
22、l EnglishText AEnglish language for academic purposeUnit 2Economics1 Whenever Id visited there before,Id ended up feeling that it would be futile if I tried to do anything more.Change the following sentences into a more formal style of writing.Every previous visit had left me with a sense of the fut
23、ility of further action on my part.为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Formal and informal EnglishText AEnglish language for academic purposeUnit 2Economics2 The cities in Switzerland had once been peaceful,but they changed when people became violent.Change the following sentences
24、 into a more formal style of writing.Violence changed the face of once peaceful Swiss cities.为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Formal and informal EnglishText AEnglish language for academic purposeUnit 2Economics3 Because the technology has improved its less risky than it used t
25、o be when you install them at the same time,and it doesnt cost so much either.Change the following sentences into a more formal style of writing.Improvements in technology have reduced the risks and high costs associated with simultaneous installation.为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学
26、图书室育人功能Formal and informal EnglishText AEnglish language for academic purposeUnit 2Economics4 The people in the colony rejoiced when it was promised that things would change in this way.Change the following sentences into a more formal style of writing.Opinion in the colony greeted the promised chan
27、ge with enthusiasm.为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能The tree diagram below shows how the author illustrates his points.Fill in the blanks according to the text.Text ASuggested answersUnit 2EconomicsThe economist works as a(n)_Thinking like an economistCritical reading and think
28、ingUsing scientific methods,such as:scientistmake observations,devise theories,collect data,and analyze them.Using different _to answer different questions.assumptions Building simplified _to examinevarious economic issues.models 为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Answer the foll
29、owing questions.Text ASuggested answersUnit 2EconomicsCritical reading and thinking1 What kind of rhetoric device does the author use in the first two paragraphs?Analogy.2 What is the topic sentence of Paragraph 3?Economists try to address their subject with a scientists objectivity.3 Why does the a
30、uthor quote Albert Einstein?To support his idea about the essence of science.4 Why is Newtons theory still taught in undergraduate physics courses around the world?Because Newtons theory is so successful at explaining observation.为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Answer the foll
31、owing questions.Text ASuggested answersUnit 2EconomicsCritical reading and thinking5 What kind of obstacles do economists face when they use theory and observation like other scientists?It is often difficult and impossible to conduct experiments.6 How do economists find a substitute for laboratory e
32、xperiments?They pay close attention to the natural experiments offered by history.7 For what reason do economists make assumptions?Because assumptions can simplify the complex world and make it easier to understand.8 What do economic models consist of?They consist of diagrams and equations.9 What do
33、 all models in physics,biology,and economics share in common?They simplify reality to improve our understanding of it.为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Language building-upText ASuggested answersUnit 2EconomicsTask 1 Specialized vocabulary2Complete the following sentences with t
34、he correct form of the terms in the parative advantage consumer surplusdeadweight loss high inflationmonetary policy supply and demand 1 Taxes have _ because they cause buyers to consume less and sellers to produce less.deadweight loss2 The tools _ of allow you to analyze many of the most important
35、events and policies that shape the economy.supply and demand3 _ is a good measure of economic well-being if policymakers want to respect the preferences of buyers.Consumer surplus为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Language building-upText ASuggested answersUnit 2EconomicsTask 1 S
36、pecialized vocabulary2Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the terms in the parative advantage consumer surplusdeadweight loss high inflationmonetary policy supply and demand 4 In the 1970s,when the world experienced a relatively _,opinion polls often placed inflation as the mos
37、t important issue facing the nation.high inflation5 It is the role of a central bank an institution designed to oversee the banking system,to carry out _,and regulate the quantity of money in the economy.monetary policy为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Language building-upText A
38、Suggested answersUnit 2EconomicsTask 1 Specialized vocabulary2Complete the following sentences with the correct form of the terms in the parative advantage consumer surplusdeadweight loss high inflationmonetary policy supply and demand comparative advantage6 Trade can benefit everyone in society bec
39、ause it allows people to specialize in activities in which they have a _.为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Language building-upText ASuggested answersUnit 2EconomicsTask 1 Signpost languageComplete the following sentences with the correct form of the words and expressions in the
40、 above box.There may be more than one correct answer.1 Karlins novels _ his experience in the Vietnam War.resulted from2 Months of secret talks with the rebels finally _ the release of the hostages.resulted in3 Animals have died _ of coming into contact with this chemical.as a consequence4 _ we didn
41、t consider her for the job was that she didnt have enough experience.The reason为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Language building-upText ASuggested answersUnit 2EconomicsTask 1 Signpost languageComplete the following sentences with the correct form of the words and expressions
42、in the above box.There may be more than one correct answer.Consequently7 _ of last weeks blackouts was a large power plant suddenly going offline in Northern California.5 Most computer users have never received any formal keyboard training._ their keyboard skills are inefficient.6 Jewish weddings ar
43、e both religious and civil._ two official applications for marriage are necessary.ThereforeThe cause8 Between 1990 and 1992,there were more than 1,000 mergers in that industry all of which _ job losses.led to为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Language building-upText ASuggested a
44、nswersUnit 2EconomicsTask 3 Formal EnglishReplace the underlined words in the following sentences with the ones that are more daily-life.1 At first,this new language may seem needlessly arcane.secretKey:2 Economists try to address their subject with a scientists objectivity.Key:study3 They approach
45、the study of the economy in much the same way as a physicist approaches the study of matter and a biologist approaches the study of life.Key:deal with4 They devise theories,collect data,and then analyze these data in an attempt to verify or refute their theories.Key:invent为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大
46、精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Language building-upText ASuggested answersUnit 2EconomicsTask 3 Formal EnglishReplace the underlined words in the following sentences with the ones that are more daily-life.5 To beginners,it can seem odd to claim that economics is a science.strange Key:6 Most people are
47、not accustomed to looking at society through the eyes of a scientist.Key:used7 This observation motivated Newton to develop a theory of gravity that applies not only to an apple falling to the earth but to any two objects in the universe.Key:drove为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人
48、功能Language building-upText ASuggested answersUnit 2EconomicsTask 3 Formal EnglishReplace the underlined words in the following sentences with the ones that are more daily-life.8 By contrast,economists studying inflation are not allowed to manipulate a nations monetary policy simply to generate usefu
49、l data.controlKey:10 And this opportunity persists long after the wartime increase in oil prices is over.Key:continues to exist9 For consumers of oil and oil products,such an event depresses living standards.Key:reduces为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Text B Lead in Key terms C
50、ritical reading Difficult sentences English language for academic purposeUnit 2Economics为深入学习习近平新时代中国特色社会主义思想和党的十九大精神,贯彻全国教育大会精神,充分发挥中小学图书室育人功能Text BReading critically:questions for discussionUnit 2EconomicsDiscuss the following questions:Life is regarded as a game.Do you agree?Why or why not?Lead-i