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1、写作讲座道德类 Still waters run deep.流静水深流静水深,人静心深人静心深 Where there is life,there is hope。有生命必有希望。有生命必有希望素材素材lOnlie-freesocietyadvantagesl fantasticlbehonestandopenabouttheirconductsinsocialcontactlNoill-mindedliarlthechaindebt,theunder-the-tabletrade,lsocietywouldlivealifefilledwithtruth,trustandwarmthdisa
2、dvantagesl horriblelexpresstheirrealfeelings,likedislikeandhate,friendship(X)lbusinesssecrets,patents lthetopsecretsofthegovernmentlanobjectofinvasionfromoutside.tosumuplknowwheretoapplyitlintendedtocomfortdesignedtodomoreharmto lthebottomlineis启承转合启承转合l1.有关有关“启启”的常用词语的常用词语,用来引导主题或跟在主题句的后面用来引导主题或跟在主
3、题句的后面,引导引导第一个推展句。第一个推展句。atfirst，atpresent，currentlyfirst，firstofall，firstlygenerallyspeakinginthebeginning，inthefirstplace，tobeginwith，tostartwithitgoeswithoutsayingthatlately，now，presently，recently2,有关“承”的学用词语,用来承接主题句或第一个推展句。lafterafterafewdaysafterawhilelalsoatanyratebythistimeatthesametime,beside
4、s,meanwhile,moreover,whatismore,Furthermore,inaddition,inadditionto.,lcertainly,consequently,lforexample,forinstance,forthispurpose,fromnowon,linfact，inotherwords,inparticularlinthesamemanner,incidentally（顺便让我一提）（顺便让我一提）indeed,lobviously,ofcourse,particularly（特别地）（特别地）lsecond,secondlysimilarlylso,so
5、on,still,then,lthird,thirdly,truly,lunlike.3有关有关“转转”的常用词语的常用词语:用不表用不表示不同或相反的语气。示不同或相反的语气。lafterall（毕竟）（毕竟）allthesameanywaylatthesametimebutbythetime（此时）（此时）lconversely（相反地）（相反地）despiteespeciallylfortunatelyhoweverinotherwords,inparticularinspiteof.inthesamewayllikewiseluckilyneverthelesslnodoubtnotw
6、ithstanding.（虽然）（虽然）lontheotherhandlotherwiseperhapsunfortunatelylunlikewhereasyet4,有关有关“合合”的常用词语的常用词语:用来引导用来引导结尾或最后一个推展句结尾或最后一个推展句,表示段落的结表示段落的结束。束。laboveall,accordingly（于是）（于是）lasaconsequence,consequently，thus，asaresult,hence，thereforelashasbeennoted（如前所述）（如前所述）asIhavesaid（如我（如我所述）所述）latlast,atleng
7、th,byandlargelbydoingso，tospeakfrankly，leventually（最后）（最后）finallylbriefly,inbrief(简言之简言之)inshortlinconclusion（最后）（最后）insum（总之（总之,简言之）简言之）linsummaryonthewhole（就全体面论（就全体面论,整个整个看来）看来）ltosumup（总言之）（总言之）tosummarize（摘要之）（摘要之）二、短语与句型的运用实例二、短语与句型的运用实例l1、the+est+名词名词+(that)+主词主词+haveever+seen(known/heard/had
8、/read,etc)lHelenisthemostbeautifulgirlthatIhaveeverseen.海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。海伦是我所看过最美丽的女孩。lMr.ChangisthekindestteacherthatIhaveeverhad.张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教张老师是我曾经遇到最仁慈的教师。师。二、短语与句型的运用实例二、短语与句型的运用实例l2、Nothingis+erthanto+VNothingis+more+形容词形容词+thanto+VlNothingismoreimportantthantoreceiveeducation.没有比接受教育更重要的事。没有比
9、接受教育更重要的事。二、短语与句型的运用实例二、短语与句型的运用实例l3.cannotemphasizetheimportanceoftoomuch.（再怎么强调（再怎么强调.的重要性也不为过。）的重要性也不为过。）lWecannotemphasizetheimportanceofprotectingoureyestoomuch.l我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。我们再怎么强调保护眼睛的重要性也不为过。AorB类型类型1.展现问题展现问题 Recently,theissueof.hasbeenbroughtintopublicfocus.Nowweareenteringabrandne
10、werafullofopportunitiesandinnovations,andgreatchangeshavetakenplaceinpeoplesattitudetowardssometraditionalpractice.lRecently the issue of whether or not.has been in the limelight and has aroused wide concern in the public.lTheissuewhetheritisgoodornotto.hasarousedaheateddiscussionalloverthecountry.l
11、Thecontroversialissueisoftenbroughtintopublicfocus.观点不一致观点不一致lAtpresent,somepeoplethink.whileothersclaim.Bothsideshavetheirmerits.lPeoplerarelyreachanabsoluteconsensusonsuchacontroversialissue.lPeoplefromdifferentbackgroundswouldputdifferentinterpretationsonthesamecase.lHowever,therearealargenumbero
12、fpeoplewhoholdadifferentviewconcerningthiscase.lWhenasked.,somepeoplethink.whilesomeprefer.lJustasthesayinggoes:somanypeople,somanyminds.Itisquiteunderstandablethatviewsonthisissuevaryfrompersontoperson.lTothisissue,differentpeoplecomeupwithvariousattitudes.lThereisagoodsideandabadsidetoeverything,i
13、tgoeswithoutsayingthat.lWhenitcomesto.,mostpeoplebelievethat.,butotherpeopleregard.as.lWhenfacedwith.,quiteafewpeopleclaimthat.,butotherpeoplethinkas.lThereisapubliccontroversynowadaysovertheissueof.Thosewhocriticize.arguethat,butpeoplewhofavor.,ontheotherhand,arguethat.lSomepeopleareoftheopiniontha
14、t.lManypeopleclaimthat.表示表明观点的用词和句型表示表明观点的用词和句型lSomepeoplecontendthat.hasprovedtobringmanyadvantages(disadvantages)lThosewhoarguefor.saythat.economicdevelopmentofthecities.lSomepeopleadvocatethat.lTheyhold that.lPeople,whoadvocatethat.,havetheirsoundreasons(grounds)lThosewhohavealreadybenefitedfromp
15、racticingitsing high praise of it.lThosewhostronglyapprove of.havecogentreasonsforit.lManypeoplewouldclaimthat.lPeoplewhosupport.givesomeorallofthefollowingreasons.lButothershold the viewthat.lSomepeopleexamine this issuefromanotherangle.我之观点：选择，权衡型句型我之观点：选择，权衡型句型lAccordingtomypersonalityandfondness
16、,Iwouldprefer.ratherthan.lPersonally,Isidewiththelatter(former)opinion.lPersonally,Iaminfavoroftheformerpointofview.lTomypointofviewlTomymind,theadvantagesfaroverweighthedrawbacks（disadvantages,shortcomings）lFormypart,Istandonsideofthelatteropinionthat.lAsfarasIamconcerned,Iaminclinedtobeonthesideof
17、thelatterview.lAfterathoroughconsideration,formypart,Iaminfavorofthelatterviewthat.lIfaskedtomakeadecision,Iwouldprefer.lTakingintoconsiderationbothsidesoftheissue,Itendtofavorthelatterview.lWhenconsideringopinionsofbothsides,Iaminclinedto.lIfitisuptometomakeachoicebetween.and.Iwouldratherchoose.ove
18、r.lIwouldhavetosaythat,ifIwerefacedwiththedecision,Iwouldfollow.lAttheriskofsoundingtoodirect,Ipreferto.我之观点：原因总起句我之观点：原因总起句lInmymind,thefollowingfactors/reasons/causesneedtobetakenintoconsideration.lThereareseveralreasonsforthisphenomenon/why.-(asfollowslAndIwouldliketopresenttwoexplanationsforthis
19、:lThereasonsarechieflyasfollows.lTherearenumerousreasonswhy_,andIwouldliketoexploreafewofthemostimportantoneshere.lThereasonsarepresentedbelow.lTherearethreepremier(主要的主要的)/best/mostimportant,largest,significant,obvious,crucialcausesasfollows.lThisisbasedonthepropensity(倾向，原因倾向，原因)offollowingpoints.
20、原因阐述原因阐述lThemainreasonisthat.lOneveryimportantargumentfor.isthatlThereasonsarequiteclear.Aboveall,lThefirstreasoncanbeseenbyeveryperson.lThefirstandmostimportantreasonisthat.lOneofthereasonsthataregivenfor.isthatlPerhapsthisisbecauseofthesimplefactthat.lOneofthepremiercausesisthatlWemaylookintoevery
21、possiblereason,however,foremostreasonfor.Is.lItmightalsobenotedthat.lWhatisalsoworthnoticingisthat.lThereisanotherfactorthatdeservessomewordshere.Amoreessentialfactorwhy.IsthatlAfurtherreasonwhy,isthat.lMovingontowiderthemes,_展开展开来说，来说，_。lThesecondthingthatmustbetakenintoconsiderationisthat.lLikewis
22、e(同样同样),commonsensetellsusthat.lThethirdbutveryimportantreasonisthat.lThethird,notthelastisthat,lThelastfactortobetakenseriouslyis.比如的表达方式：lForexample,lForinstance,lItcanbegivenaconcreteexample,lTake.foranexample,itisaveryobviouscaselThereisoneimpressiveexampleIwanttomentionhere.lLetsseeanexample.lI
23、tisbestillustratedifgiventhefollowingexample.lLetmeprovideanexample.lPerhapsthemostimportantexampleof.isthat.lAsIremember,/Inowstillrememberthat.lIwillneverforgetthatlToillustratethis,thereisanexamplethatisverypersuasive.lAninstancethataccompaniesthisreasonisthat.lAnexamplecangivethedetailsofthisarg
24、ument,.lItisaforcefulexampletodemonstratetheimportanceof.lHistorypresentedmanyexamplesof.lInordertoseethispointclearly,letusseeanexample.综合运用篇lAlongwiththeadvanceofthesocietymoreandmoreproblemsarebroughttoourattention,oneofwhichisthat.l随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是随着社会的不断发展，出现了越来越多的问题，其中之一便是_。lAstowhe
25、theritisablessingoracurse,however,peopletakedifferentattitudes.l然而，对于此类问题，人们持不同的看法。（然而，对于此类问题，人们持不同的看法。（Holddifferentattitudes持不同的看；持不同的看；Comeupwithdifferentattitudes有不有不同的看法）同的看法）lAssocietydevelops,peopleareattachingmuchimportanceto.l随着社会的发展，人们开始关注随着社会的发展，人们开始关注.llPeopleareattachingmoreandmoreimpor
26、tancetotheinterviewduringjobhuntingl求职的过程中，人们慢慢意识到面试的重要性。求职的过程中，人们慢慢意识到面试的重要性。lAstowhetheritisworthwhile.,thereisalong-runningcontroversialdebate.Itisquitenaturalthatpeoplefromdifferentbackgroundsmayhavedivergentattitudestowardsit.l关于是否值得关于是否值得_的问题，一直以来争论不休。的问题，一直以来争论不休。当然，不同的人对此可能持不同的观点。当然，不同的人对此可能
27、持不同的观点。lIntheprocessofmodernurbandevelopment,weoftenfindourselvesinadilemma.l在都市的发展中，我们往往会陷入困境。在都市的发展中，我们往往会陷入困境。lRecentlythephenomenonhasarousedwideconcern,somepeopleareinalarmthat.l最近，这种现象引起了人们的广泛关注，有人开始担最近，这种现象引起了人们的广泛关注，有人开始担心心_。lThehumanracehasenteredacompletelynewstageinitshistory,withtheincre
28、asinglyrapideconomicglobalizationandurbanization,moreproblemsarebroughttoourattention.l人类进入了一个历史的崭新的阶段，经济全球化、都人类进入了一个历史的崭新的阶段，经济全球化、都市化的速度不断加快，随之给我们带来了很多问题。市化的速度不断加快，随之给我们带来了很多问题。l.playssuchanimportantrolethatitundeniablybecomesthebiggestconcernofthepresentworld,therecomesaquestion,isitablessingorac
29、urse?l_显得非常重要而成为当今世界所关注的最大显得非常重要而成为当今世界所关注的最大的问题，这是无可厚非的。不过，问题是：的问题，这是无可厚非的。不过，问题是：我们该我们该如何抉择？如何抉择？lNowweareenteringanewera,fullofopportunitiesandchallenges,l现在我们正在进入一个充满机会和挑战的新时代。现在我们正在进入一个充满机会和挑战的新时代。SamplewritingItpaystobehonestlNowadays people are troubled with mass of dishonest behaviors in soc
30、iety.(examples)Teachers get annoyed when they catch students cheating on exams;consumers get hurt when they unfortunately buy some fake products;children are misled when they see their parents tell lies so as to evade the responsibility they should take.lWhydopeoplecheat?The main reason probably lie
31、s in immediate interest they may obtain by cheating.For example,a company,which manufactures fake products,may seem to win for a moment because it can minimize its manufacture cost by doing so.This kind of businesses,however,will be driven out of the market in the long run,for the consumers after ge
32、tting to know the poor quality of the products will not buy them anymore.lThesameistrueofindividuals.Dishonest people dare not take on the responsibility of life.(examples)They cheat in class,in office,at home and so on.But the truth can hardly be masked.Themomentthetruthcomesouttheywilllosetheircre
33、dibility,whichiseasiertodestroythantorebuild.Consequently,these dishonest will suffer a long time because of their cheating behaviors.Inconclusion,no one can afford to be dishonest in a civilized society.Honesty is the pillar of a society.People will benefit from being honest in the long run.Thats w
34、hy we say it pays to be honest.Howtoimprovepublicmorals?lNowadays there are still many behaviors against public morality,such as spiting or littering in public places,cutting in line,wasting water or electricity and so on.lOneofthemainreasonsfortheseimmoralbehaviorsisthat some people lack personal m
35、anners and public consciousness.Actually these small things inmanypeopleseyes have brought great bad effects on our community.Aboveall,these immoral behaviors disturb social order and disrupt sociability.Moreover,ones violating public morality not only evades others benefits but also does harm to hi
36、mself.Forexample,if most people buy pirated products,those original producers will suffer great damage and might lose the enthusiasm to continue their producing，which,in turn,influences consumers taking the profits into consideration.I think itishightimethat we took more effective measures to improv
37、e public morals.lFirstofall,education plays a very vital role.We must utilize education to make people know their behaviors influence on the society and follow public morals consciously.Besidesthe government should improve the administration system and ensure the efficient improvement of administrat
38、ion measures.道德类词汇道德类词汇l社会风气社会风气(公德公德)：publicmorals(ormorality)l有公德心：有公德心：bepublicspiritedl向公众呼吁做某事：向公众呼吁做某事：appealtothepublictodosth.l在在方面教育公众：方面教育公众：educatethepublicinl无视公共规章：无视公共规章：disregardthepublicrulesl遵守法纪：遵守法纪：complywiththelawl偷窃是违法的：偷窃是违法的：Stealingisagainstthelawl遵守公德：遵守公德：complywithpublicm
39、oralityl守法：守法：observe/obeythelawl违法：违法：offendagainstthelawl违反公共规章：违反公共规章：break/violatepublicregulationsl她自以为可以凌驾法律之上：她自以为可以凌驾法律之上：Sheactsasifsheisabovethelawl制定和严格执法：制定和严格执法：makeandrigidlyenforcethelawl遵守交规遵守交规:observetrafficregulationsl按道德行事：按道德行事：followthemoralsl改进社会风气：改进社会风气：improvepublicmoralsl维护公共道德：维护公共道德：safeguardpublicmoralsl损害公共道德：损害公共道德：injurepublicmoralityl应该受到法律严惩：应该受到法律严惩：deservetobepunishedheavilybythelawl从他的行为中可以清楚看到，他不讲道德：从他的行为中可以清楚看到，他不讲道德：ItisobviousfromhisbehaviorthathelhasnomoralitylPoweredby