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1、Unit 1 Using language 学案【本课目标】1.理解并能够自主运用重点单词、短语和句式。2.通过对教材课文的阅读,在课文的具体情境中猜测词义、推测词性、了解重要词汇的基本用法。3.通过学案的归纳,巩固内化重要的语言点,并学以致用。【知识自主预习】1.look down on/upon轻视,看不起(课本P5) They would look down on her. 他们会看不起她。look after照顾;照看look around/round/about 四处看,环顾 look forward to盼望;期待look into 调查;审查look out (for sb/st
2、h)当心/注意/留意look through 快速查看;浏览 look up 向上看;查找,查阅look up to 钦佩,仰慕,尊敬【读一读 练一练】(1)He cant forget those days when he was looked down on for being poor. 他无法忘记过去因为贫穷而被人看不起的那些日子。(2)She likes looking through newspapers at breakfast. 她喜欢吃早饭的时候浏览报纸。(3)Ive always looked up to Bill for his courage and determina
3、tion.我一直仰慕比尔的勇气和决心。(4)I some time with you this summer.我期待着这个夏天能和你共度一段时光。(5)用look的相关短语填空!Theres danger ahead! A working party has been set up to the problem. If you want to know how a word is used, it in the dictionary. Dont people who have never been to university. 2.adjustv. 适应,(使)习惯;调整,调节(课本P5) W
4、hen Riley moves to a new city, she has a hard time adjusting to her new surroundings. 当莱莉搬到了一个新的城市时,她适应新的环境有些困难。(1)adjust (oneself) to (doing) sth (使自己)适应(做)某事(2)adjustment n. 适应;调整,调节(3)adjustable adj.可调整的;可调节的【读一读 练一练】(1)For example, the moment you get on the airplane, start adjusting your biologi
5、cal clock to the destinations time. 例如,你一上飞机就要开始调整自身的生物钟,以适应目的地的时间。(2)I had just come out of the well-lit office; my eyes couldnt adjust to the dark.刚从灯火通明的办公室出来,我的眼睛还不适应黑暗。(3)The height of the bicycle seat is adjustable.这辆自行车车座的高度可以调节。(4)It took her a while to alone after the divorce. 离婚后她过了一段时间才适应
6、了一个人生活。3.accident n. 事故,意外事件,偶然因素(课本P5) Sadness wants to do her duty but by accident causes the loss of Rileys happy core memories with Joy.悲伤想履行自己的职责,却意外地让莱莉失去了和快乐在一起时的、美好的核心记忆。(1)by accident/chance偶然;意外地on purpose故意地(2)accidental adj.意外的,偶然的accidentally adv. 意外地,偶然地【读一读 练一练】(1)One in seven acciden
7、ts is caused by sleepy drivers. 每七次交通事故就有一次是驾车者困倦造成的。(2)Im sorry about knocking over your coffeeit was an accident. 很抱歉碰翻了你的咖啡这是个意外。(3)Helen got into acting purely by accident.海伦当演员完全出于偶然。(4)I didnt think our meeting was accidentalhe must have known I would be there. 我认为我们的相遇不是偶然他肯定知道我要去那里。(5)She di
8、scovered the problem during a visit to a nearby school.她在去附近一所学校参观时偶然发现了这个问题。(6)语法填空At least 10,000 children are involved in (accident) poisonings every year.As I was running off the stage, I (accident) knocked over a glass of grape juice that was on a table.4.forgivev. 原谅;宽恕 (forgave/forgiven)(课本P6
9、)Try to forgive someone when they apologise. 当别人道歉时,尽量原谅他们。forgivesbfor(doing)sthforgivesbsth原谅某人某事【读一读 练一练】(1)Ill never forgive her for what she did.我绝不会原谅她做的事。(2)He could forgive Petal anything if the children were safe.只要孩子们安然无恙他什么都可以原谅佩特尔。(3), but I dont see that any of this concerns me.对不起,我就看不
10、出这与我有啥关系。(4)Irene forgave Terry her money.艾琳原谅了特里偷了她的钱。【语法学习】动词的-ed形式作状语(课本P2) Disappointed by his behaviour, I said all this to my best friend.=Because I was disappointed by his behaviour(课本P3)Approached in this way, your friendship will soon be repaired.=If it is approached in this way 【语法详解】过去分词(
11、v.-ed)是分词的一种。过去分词作状语,相当于状语从句或并列句;通常情况下,其逻辑主语就是句子的主语,与主语之间为逻辑上的被动关系;该动作表示被动、完成;过去分词作状语可位于句首、句末,有时插在句中,经常用逗号和主句分开。1.过去分词作时间状语,相当于when或while等引导的从句。 如:Asked (When he was asked) what had happened, he lowered his head.被问到发生了什么事情的时候,他低下了头。2.过去分词作原因状语,可转换为because,as或since等引导的从句。 如:Frightened (Because/As she
12、 was frightened) by the tiger, the girl didnt dare to sleep alone.因为受到老虎的惊吓,这个女孩不敢一个人睡觉。3.过去分词作条件状语,可转换为once,if或unless等引导的从句。 如:Grown (If they are grown) in rich soil, these seeds can grow fast.如果被种在肥沃的土壤里,这些种子能长得很快。Given (If we were given) more time, we could do it better.如果给我们更多时间的话,我们可以把它做得更好。4.过
13、去分词作让步状语,可转换为though,although 或even if等引导的从句。 如:Left (Although he was left) at home alone, John didnt feel afraid at all.虽然约翰被单独留在家里,但他一点儿都不害怕。5.过去分词作状语表示方式或伴随的动作或状态, 常可转换为并列分句,可位于句首或句末。如:The teacher entered the classroom,(and he was) followed by a group of students.这位老师进入教室,后面跟着一群学生。Surrounded by so
14、me kids, the old man was telling an interesting story. (=The old man was surrounded by some kids and was telling an interesting story.)老人身边围着几个孩子,他正在讲一个有趣的故事。【归纳】1.状语从句改为过去分词(短语)作状语时,有时还可保留连词,构成“连词+过去分词(短语)”结构,作状语。如:When given a medical examination, you should keep calm.做体检时,你应该保持镇静。选择动词-ing形式还是动词-e
15、d形式,关键看分词与主句主语之间的逻辑关系。如果主句主语与分词之间是逻辑上的主动关系,则用现在分词;如果主句主语与分词之间是逻辑上的被动关系,则首先考虑用过去分词。2.部分过去分词(短语)作状语时不强调被动关系,而往往强调状态,其前不用being。常见的有disappointed(失望的),excited(激动的),surprised(惊讶的)等形容词化的过去分词以及seated(坐着),hidden(躲着),lost in(陷入某种状态,来自be lost in),absorbed in(专心致志于,来自be absorbed in),dressed in(穿着,来自be dressed i
16、n),tired of(厌烦,来自be tired of),faced with(面对,来自be faced with),devoted to(致力于,来自be devoted to)等。【互动练一练】 用所给词的适当形式填空1. When (ask) for his views about his teaching job, Philip said he found it very interesting and rewarding. 2. Jane,(shock) at the news of the earthquake, was at a loss for words. 3. (sep
17、arate) from Africa 200 million years ago, South America has something in common with Africa.4. No matter how frequently (perform), the works of Beethoven still attract people all over the world. 5. (face) with so much trouble, we failed to complete the task on time. 6. When first(introduce) to the m
18、arket, these products enjoyed great success. 7. (lie) still in the grass,he heard the sound of the wild.8. (influence) by commercial advertisements, people are often talked into buying things they really dont need. 9. In order not to be disturbed, I spent three days(lock) in my study. 10. (find) the
19、 course very difficult, she decided to move to a lower level. 句型转换1.Children, when they are accompanied by their parents, are allowed to enter the stadium.Children, are allowed to enter the stadium.2.Though he was absorbed in the interesting book, he still couldnt understand what it talked about., h
20、e still couldnt understand what it talked about. 3.He was sitting on a bench in the park, and he was lost in thought.He was sitting on a bench in the park,.4.If it is used with care, one tin will last for six weeks. , one tin will last for six weeks. 5.As she was blamed for the breakdown of the school computer network, Alice was in low spirits. ,Alice was in low spirits.