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1、Introduction to Verbs 找出用于下列句子中的动词1.My teacher got very scared last night.2.They were seen playing football on the playground yesterday afternoon.3.I wish she were my sister.4.Lily always passed me the ball in the swimming pool.5.They were carrying the heavy box on the floor.6.Peter ran quickly to c
2、atch the bus.gotwere seenwerepassedwere carryingran动词动词的动词的用法用法谓语动词谓语动词非谓语动词非谓语动词时态、语态时态、语态虚拟语气虚拟语气不定式不定式动名词动名词分词分词现在分词现在分词过去分词过去分词谓语 Predicate 谓语(Predicate)说明主语所做的动作或具有的特征和状态。动词在句中作谓语，一般放在主语之后。谓语的构成如下：1.简单谓语：由一个动词或动词短语构成，即及物动词和不及物动词。如：He practices running every morning.The plane took off at ten ocl
3、ock.2.复合谓语：（1）由情态动词加动词原形构成。如：You may keep the book for two weeks.（2）由助动词加动词原形,现在分词,过去分词构成。如：Do you speak English？They are working in a field.He has caught a bad cold.I will visit you tomorrow.（3）由连系动词加表语构成。如：We are students.注意：谓语与主语在人称与数方面要保持一致。情态动词：can/could,may/might,will/would,shall/should,ought
4、to,have to,must,need,dare助助动动词词 bebe用于进行时用于进行时 He is working.He is working.用于用于被动语态被动语态 Her wallet was stolen.havehave用于完成时用于完成时 I have finished my homework.与动词不定式搭配与动词不定式搭配 （have to do)have to do)They had to wait for an hour.They had to wait for an hour.dodo构成疑问句和否定句构成疑问句和否定句 Do you like apples?Do
5、you like apples?I dont like apples.I dont like apples.用于加强语气（强调动词）用于加强语气（强调动词）I do like apples I do like apples.用于代替动词词组用于代替动词词组 Yes,Yes,I do.I do.will/shall will/shall 用于将来时用于将来时 I shall leave for Beijing next week.I shall leave for Beijing next week.连连系系动动词词 表状态：表状态：be be I am a teacher.I am a tea
6、cher.表感官：表感官：feel,feel,smell,sound,tastesmell,sound,tasteThe food tastes good.The food tastes good.表持续：表持续：keep,remain,stay,lie,stand keep,remain,stay,lie,stand We stayed awake all night.We stayed awake all night.表变化：表变化：become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run become,grow,turn,fall,get,go,come,run The
7、 water becomes hot.The water becomes hot.表表象：表表象：seem,appear,look seem,appear,look It looks attractive.It looks attractive.表终止：表终止：prove,turn out prove,turn out Your answers proved correct.Your answers proved correct.找出下列句子中的谓语动词1.My teacher got very angry last night.2.We saw them playing football o
8、n the playground yesterday afternoon.3.My cousin,Bob,is a clever boy.4.Lily always passed me the ball in the game.5.They were carrying the heavy box on the floor.6.Peter ran quickly.gotsawispassedwere carryingranSVi.SVi.SVOSVOSVOOSVOOSVOCSVOCSVPSVPSVPSVP你能判断出上面的句子各属于五种基本句型中的哪种吗？你的依据是什么？16种时态一般一般时进行行
9、时完成完成时完成完成进行行时现在在过去去将来将来过去去将来将来do/doesam（is,are）doinghave(has)donehave(has)been doingdidwas(were)doing had donehad been doingwill(shall)dowill(shall)be doingwill(shall)have donewill(shall)have beendoingwould(should)dowould(should)be doingwould(should)have donewould(should)have been doing被动语态：be+done
10、(及物动词的过去分词）英语中的时态和语态都是由谓语动词来体现的。注意其否定式和疑问式将来进行时、过去将来进行时和完成进行时一般无被动语态。将来进行时、过去将来进行时和完成进行时一般无被动语态。将来进行时、过去将来进行时和完成进行时一般无被动语态。将来进行时、过去将来进行时和完成进行时一般无被动语态。The man standing in the reading room is my boss.The meeting to be held tomorrow is hosted by Lily.Polluted water carried the virus.非谓语动词:不在句中作谓语的动词形式动
11、名词动名词:doing，相当于，相当于 名词；指名词；指抽象或习惯动作或状态抽象或习惯动作或状态分词分词现在分词现在分词:doing，表主动或进行表主动或进行过去分词过去分词:done，表被动或完成表被动或完成动词不定式动词不定式:to do,表将来表将来;指具指具体动作或状态体动作或状态非谓语动词使用条件非谓语动词使用条件：一个句子中出现多处的动词，一个句子中出现多处的动词，且其间没有连词。且其间没有连词。非谓语动词在句中所作的成分非谓语动词在句中所作的成分 成 分动词形式主语宾语表语定语状语补语不定式动名词现在分词过去分词非谓语动词有没有时态和语态的变化呢？非谓语动词的结构形式不定式动名词
12、分词现在分词过去分词一般式to do doingdoingdone一般被动式to be donebeing donebeing done完成式to have donehaving donehaving done完成被动式to have been donehaving been donehaving been done进行式to be doing_完成进行式to have been doing _ 非谓语动词的否定式一律在其前加非谓语动词的否定式一律在其前加not非谓语动词就是有时态和语态变化，且不在句中充当谓语的动词形式。否定式一律在其前加否定式一律在其前加not只要是动词就会有只要是动词就会
13、有时态和时态和语态的变化语态的变化，不管是谓语，不管是谓语动词还是非谓语动词。动词还是非谓语动词。动词都有哪些形式呢？dodoesdiddoingdone原形第三人称单数过去式现在分词过去分词动词的第三人称单数、过去式、过去分词和现在分词的变化规则动词的第三人称单数的变化规则：动词第三人称单数形式一般是在动词原形后面加-s构成，其构成规则如下：一般动词在词尾加-s。如：helps;makes;gets;rides;leaves;plays以字母-s，-x，-ch，-sh或-o结尾的动词加-es。如：guesses;fixes;teaches;washes;goes以“辅音字母y”结尾的动词，先
14、变y为i，再加-es。如：flies;cries;carries;studies现在分词的变化规则：1、一般在动词词尾加-ing。如：jump-Jumping2、以不发音字母e结尾的词，先去e,再加-ing。如：have-having,write-writing.3、以重读闭音节末尾只有一个辅音字母结尾的词，它前面是单个元音字母时要先将词尾的辅音字母双写，再加-ing。如：sit-sitting,put-putting以ie结尾的，先将ie变为y，再加-ing。如：diedying;lielying;tietying动词的过去式变化规则：行为动词的过去式有规则变化和不规则变化两种。规则动词过去式的构成有四条规则：(1)一般在动词原形末尾直接加上-ed。如：look-looked。以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，直接加-d。如：live-lived。末尾只有一个辅音字母的重读闭音节，先双写这个辅音字母，再加-ed。如：stop-stopped。末尾是辅音字母+y结尾的动词，先变y为i，然后再加-ed。如：study-studied。(2)不规则动词的过去式需特殊记忆。如：am(is)-was,are-were,go-went,come-came,take-took,have(has)-had等。动词的过去分词变化规则：规则动词的过去分词的变化与过去式的变化一致，不规则变化则需特殊记忆。