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1、(agreement betweensubject and verb)熟读深思熟读深思MyseatmateJames,whoseparentshavebeenteaching1EnglishinGuangzhoufortenyears,comes2fromtheUnitedStates,whichis3oneofthemostdevelopedcountriesintheworld.Heaswellashisparentsenjoys4livinginGuangzhoubecauseneitherJamesnorhisparentsfind5itdifficulttoadapttothelif
2、einChina.Intheiropinion,manyacustomhereis6easytounderstandandtenyearsis7enoughforthemtogetusedtoallthecustoms.I,togetherwithJames,extremelylike8Englishbutphysicsseems9ratherdifficultforus.Besides,bothheandIare10veryfondofreadingstorybooks,andtheArabianNightsis11oneofthemostinterestingbooksthathavebe
3、enread12byus.Ourclassis13unitedasabigfamily.Nowtheclassare14preparingforthecomingsportsmeet,solargequantitiesofourrecenttimehavebeenspent15onit.Whatweneedis16aqualifiedcoachbecausebeingtrainedproperlyis17ofgreatimportance.Weeachareallawarethateachofusplays18animportantroleinourclass.Wehavedecidedtoh
4、oldacelebrationifgettingagoodresultbutwhenandwherewearegoingtoholdithasntbeendecided.19语法概念:语法概念:主谓一致是指在英语中,句子的谓语主谓一致是指在英语中,句子的谓语动词动词要与要与_在在_上上保持一保持一致。致。Brainstorm:在英文句子中,谓语动词什么在英文句子中,谓语动词什么时候用单数?什么时候用复数?时候用单数?什么时候用复数?主语主语人称和数人称和数就近原则就近原则:主语为单数形式,谓语一般用单数形式主语为单数形式,谓语一般用单数形式主语为复数形式,谓语一般用复数形式主语为复数形式,谓语
5、一般用复数形式尽管主语是单数形式,但表示复数尽管主语是单数形式,但表示复数意义,谓语用复数形式意义,谓语用复数形式谓语动词的形式由和它最接近的主语谓语动词的形式由和它最接近的主语的形式来决定的形式来决定1)Look!Agirl_(be)singing,andtwoboys_(be)dancing.2)Thecrowd_(be)arguingandfighting.Dontgetclosetothem.3)Notonlyanursebutalsotwodoctors_(be)finedyesterday.is are are were三个原则:三个原则:语法一致语法一致:意义意义/内容一致内容一
6、致:1).Manyaboy_(have)madesuchafunnyexperiment.has2)Morethanonegame_(be)lost.was语法一致语法一致:按主语的语法形式按主语的语法形式(单复数单复数)确定谓语形式确定谓语形式归纳一:归纳一:manya(许多许多)和和morethanone(不止一个不止一个)等作定语修饰做主语的单数可数等作定语修饰做主语的单数可数名词时名词时,谓语动谓语动词用词用_。单数单数1)Li Ming and Zhang Hua _ good students.A.am B.is C.are2)Both the teachers and the s
7、tudents _ here.A.am B.is C.are归纳二归纳二:两个名词由两个名词由and 连接作主语时,连接作主语时,A,B表示表示不同不同的人,物或观念时,谓语动词用的人,物或观念时,谓语动词用_形式。形式。CC复数复数并列主语表示同一个概念、同一个人或同一事物,并列主语表示同一个概念、同一个人或同一事物,谓语动词用谓语动词用_形式。形式。1)Toms teacher and friend _ Mr.Smith.A.am B.is C.areB单数单数2)My neighbor and colleague _(like)gardening though he is busy.3)
8、A needle and thread _(be)needed to repair your shoes now.注意注意:表整体概念的并列结构短语有:表整体概念的并列结构短语有:warandpeace,ironandsteel钢铁钢铁,breadandbutter面包和面包和黄油黄油,aknifeandfork,aneedleandthreadlikesis1).Noteacherandnostudent_(be)intheclassroom.is2)Eachboyandeachgirl_(want)toservethepeopleinthefuture.3)Everymanandevery
9、woman_(live)peacefully.4)Manyaboyandmanyagirl_(have)madesuchafunnyexperiment.wantslives语法一致语法一致归纳三归纳三:用:用and连接的并列主语被连接的并列主语被each/every/no/manya修饰时,谓语动修饰时,谓语动词用词用_。has单数单数归纳四归纳四:不定代词:不定代词each,noone,anyone,somebody,everything,nothing或或either在在句中作主语或限定词时句中作主语或限定词时,谓语一谓语一律用律用_。1)Eachofus_(have)acar.2)So
10、meone_(want)tobuythehouse.3)Eitherofthem_(want)totakeavacation.haswants wants单数单数Theblind_(study)inspecialschool.Thesick_(cure).studyhavebeencured归纳归纳五五:如果主如果主语语由由“the+形容形容词词(或或过过去分去分词词)”结结构担任构担任时时,表示一表示一类类人、事物人、事物;谓语谓语通常用通常用_;这类词这类词有有:_复数复数the poor,the injured,the old,the young等等Tenkilometers_(be)a
11、longdistance.Onedollarandseventyeightcents_(be)whatshehas.isis归纳归纳六六:表示时间、距离、金额等的复数名词作:表示时间、距离、金额等的复数名词作主语,看作一个整体时为主语,看作一个整体时为_。单数单数语法一致原则的几个难点语法一致原则的几个难点Servingpeople_(be)mygreathappiness.Whenwellgooutforanouting_(have)beendecided.ishasTobeaprogrammer_(be)mygoalwhichIamtryingtoachieve.is 难点一:单个难点一:
12、单个不定式不定式(短语短语),动名词动名词(短语短语)或从句作主语时或从句作主语时,谓语动谓语动词用词用_。单数单数1)Thosewho_(want)togoshouldsignyournameshere.2)Anyonewho_(want)togoshouldsignyournamehere.wantwants难点难点二二:在定语从句中:在定语从句中:先行词先行词+who/which/that(作主语)引导定语从句,作主语)引导定语从句,从句谓从句谓语与语与_一一致。致。先行词先行词3)Hewasoneofthestudentswho_(invite)atthepartylastnight.
13、4)Hewastheonlyoneofthestudentswho_(invite)atthepartylastnight.wereinvitedwasinvitedoneof+复数名词复数名词+关系代词作主语关系代词作主语引导的定语引导的定语从句,从句谓从句,从句谓语用语用_。theonlyoneof+复数名词复数名词+关系代词作主语关系代词作主语引导引导的定语从句,从句谓的定语从句,从句谓语用语用_-。复数复数单数单数Here_(come)thebus.There_(be)es1)就近原就近原则则:谓语动词的数由离它最近的主语而定。谓语动词的数由离它最近的主语而定。归纳归纳1):由由her
14、e,there等引导的倒装句中等引导的倒装句中,若主语不止若主语不止一个时一个时,谓语动词与谓语动词与_保持一致。保持一致。is最近的主语最近的主语就就近近一一致致2)NeitheryounorI_wrong.3)Notonlythestudentsbutalsotheteacher_(wish)foraholiday.4)_(be)eitheryouorhegoingtoattendthemeeting?amwishesAre归纳归纳2):由连词由连词 not only.but also,neithernor;eitheror;whetheror;not but(不是(不是而是)而是);or
15、 在句子中连接主在句子中连接主语的时候语的时候,谓语动词要和谓语动词要和_ 保持一保持一致致。靠近它的主语靠近它的主语7)Ateacherwithfivestudents_intheclassroom.B5)Aprofessor,ratherthantwodoctors,_(be)senttohelpinthework.6)Nooneincludingtheteachers_(be)allowedtousethehouse.BB A.areB.is归纳归纳3):当主:当主语语后面跟有后面跟有togetherwith,with,alongwith,but,except,aswellas,besi
16、des,including,inadditionto,like,ratherthan等引等引导导的的词组时词组时,其,其谓语动词谓语动词的的单单、复数按、复数按_而定而定。主语单、复数主语单、复数意义一致原则意义一致原则:谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的意义而不谓语动词的单复数形式由主语的意义而不是形式所决定。是形式所决定。Thepolice_searchingforathief.Thecattle_eatinggrassonthehill.归纳一归纳一:某些名词如某些名词如people,thepolice,cattle(牛)等牛)等,形式上是单数形式上是单数,但意义上是复数但意义上是复数,谓语动
17、词应用谓语动词应用复数复数。arearePhysics_averyinterestingsubject.Thenews_true.isis归纳二归纳二:某些名词以某些名词以s结尾如结尾如maths,politics,physics,news等,形式复数但意义为单数等,形式复数但意义为单数,谓语动词,谓语动词应用应用_。单数单数 Noteverymeans_useful.Notallmeans_useful.Onedaythiswhitesheep_lost.isarewas归纳归纳三三:有些名词的单数和复数形式一样:有些名词的单数和复数形式一样,作主语作主语的时候的时候,其谓语动词其谓语动词_
18、,这一类名词有这一类名词有:means,deer(鹿鹿),sheep(羊羊),works等。等。由上下文决定由上下文决定Hisfamily_goingout.Hisfamily_allmusiclovers.Ourgroup_readingthenewspapers.is are are 归纳归纳四四:集合名集合名词词作主作主语语,动词动词可用可用单单数数,也可以用也可以用复数。主要由句子的意思决定复数。主要由句子的意思决定。强强调调整体整体谓语动谓语动词词用用_;指其中的;指其中的各个成各个成员员时时,动词则动词则用用_。这这一一类类常常见见的集合名的集合名词词有有family,class,
19、group,audience,crowd,team等。等。单数单数复数复数意义一致原则的难点意义一致原则的难点1)Therestofthemoney_onthedesk.2)Therestofthebooks_onthedesk.A.isB.areABPartofthetextbooks_(have)arrived.havePartoftheapple_(have)beeneatenupbythepig.has不定数量的不定数量的词词:all/some/half/any/part/therest/百分数百分数/分数分数+of+名名词词或代或代词词等做主等做主语语,谓语动谓语动词词由由_决决定。
20、定。of后的名词后的名词主主谓谓一一致致主谓一主谓一致与高致与高考考高考语法填空中每年必定有一题是考查谓高考语法填空中每年必定有一题是考查谓语动词的语动词的,而谓语动词涉及时态、语态、语气而谓语动词涉及时态、语态、语气,同时也包括主谓一致。同时也包括主谓一致。例例1(2011年年)He_(pretend)thatatigertoywasrealandgivingitavoice.waspretending例例2(2009年年)“Yourfatherhasatlastdecidedtostopsmoking,”Jane_(inform).wasinformed综合练习:用所给动词的正确形式填空。
21、综合练习:用所给动词的正确形式填空。1.Heaswellashistwofriends_(be)goingforapicnicthisSaturday.2.Mostofhistime_(spend)oncomputergamesinthepast.3.Thefootballteam_(be)madeupof22playersandtheteam_(be)veryyoung.4.Threeweeks_(be)notenoughformetowritethearticle.5.Collectingstamps_(be)myhobby.6.Intheboat_(be)threeyoungmen.7.Thegovernmentwhich_(be)responsibleforthiseventtriedtofindasolution.iswas spent isareisisarewas