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1、新思路大学英语综合教程第二册第三版 Book 2-Unit 6 Section B电子课件Lead-inPart 1 1Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK2Street Art:GraffitiUnit6Unit6BOOKBOOK2 Modern art happened in the 1800s,when industrialization was beginning to change the worldcreating a new kind of modern life.Before that time,artists were usually paid money to draw o
2、r paint portraits.In the mid-1800s,there was shift in thinking,and artists began experimenting with techniques,colors,and the creative process.Modern art has been through various movements and developments since then,but the term is still used to refer to art that goes against traditional or classic
3、al style.Graffiti is one form of modern art,which first appeared in New York in the 1960s.After many years of development,it gradually spread across the United States and even the world,and gradually accepted as a kind of art.Background InformationPart 2 2Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK2Street Art Street art ref
4、ers to art made in public spacesbuildings,sidewalks,street signs,and even trash cans.This special kind of art can take the form of paintings,sculptures,or stickers.In the 1960s,when young adults in New York used paint in special cans to make graffiti paintings,the street art movement,according to so
5、me experts,began.The colorful graffiti paintings are visually exciting and energetic.They are made as a way to identify themselves and their artwork and signs marking the territories of city gangs or illegal crime groups.However,graffiti soon developed as an artistic movement expressing the street c
6、ulture of young people living in big cities,who rejected the accepted rules of culture and power and resorted to graffiti to represent social and political rebellion.Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK2Street Art During the 1980s,street art started to become part of the popular culture when two New York painters,Kei
7、th Haring and Jean-Michel Basquiats graffiti paintings were invited to show their work in art galleries and museums.Today street art has developed in many kinds of ways in places all over the world.The street art has become part of a global visual culture.Even art museums and galleries are collectin
8、g the works of street artists.Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK2Pompeii Pompeii is located in Campania on the southwest coast of Italy.It lay at the foot of Mount Vesuvius,a grass-covered volcano.In 80 BC,the mighty Roman Empire added it to its map,it began to become the most thriving city and one of the economic,
9、political,and religious centers of the Roman Empire.Pompeii was a busy city of 22,000 people.It has a stadium for nearly 20,000 people,more than 100 bars,more than 30 bakeries,a grand theatre for 5,000 people,a pedestrian street paved with large slabs of stone,carved stone pools and exquisite murals
10、 and a lot of streets and fountains,houses,shops.Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK2Pompeii In August of 79AD,Mount Vesuvius erupted.When the eruption ended two days later,Pompeii was buried under 20 feet of stones and ashes.Almost all of its people were dead.No one has lived in Pompeii since then.For centuries,Pom
11、peii lay buried under stone and ash.Then,in the year 1861,an Italian scientist named Ginseppe began to uncover Pompeii.The city looked almost the same as it had looked in 79AD.Perhaps the most important of all,there were everyday objects,which tell us a great deal about the people who lived in Pompe
12、ii.Text AnalysisPart 3 3Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK2Text B introduces graffiti,a form of Western street art.The whole text focuses on the three disputes on graffiti.It is generally believed that street art originated in Western countries,and Chinese street art was introduced from the West.However,the history
13、 of Chinese street art is no shorter than that of the West,and Chinese street art has its unique characteristics.The text can guide students to focus on Chinese street art and compare it with Western street art.Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK2Paragraph 1 briefly introduces street art.Paragraph 2 through paragrap
14、h 4 involve in the first dispute on graffitiIs it art or vandalism?Paragraph 5 through paragraph 6 talk about the central question of space and ownership in graffitis history.Paragraph 7 throw out the third dispute on graffitiIs it a mainstream art?Paragraph 8 is a conclusion of the text.Detailed St
15、udy of the TextPart 4 4Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK21.contrary(Para.1)1)adj.different from sth.;against sth.相反的；对立的；逆向的，故意作对的；倔强任性的 Several of those present,including Tom,had contrary suggestion.包括汤姆在内的好几位在场人士给出了相反的建议。2)n.the opposite fact,event or situation 相反；相反的事物 Are there any signs that he may quit soon?
16、Quite the contrary.有什么迹象表明他可能会很快退出吗？正相反，没有。Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK22.vandalize(Para.1)vt.to intentionally damage property belonging to other people 故意破坏（他人财物）When I got back,my car had been vandalized.等我回来的时候，我的车已被恣意搞破坏的人给砸坏了。Bored teenagers went around vandalizing phoneboxes.闲得发闷的青少年到处去破坏电话亭。Unit6Unit6B
17、OOKBOOK23.provoke(Para.1)vt.to cause a reaction,especially a negative one 激起；引起（尤指负面反应）I said did nothing to provoke him.我可没惹他呀！The article was intended to provoke discussion.这篇文章旨在引发讨论。Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK24.while simultaneously being associated with destruction.(Para.2)be associated with:link with 与
18、交往；联系She will ever be associated with the womens liberation.她将永远和女权运动联系在一起。You cant be associated with him.你不能和他有什么往来。Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK25.And,it turns out,its nothing new.(Para.2)turn out:1)to happen in a particular way or to have a particular result,especially an unexpected one 出人意料地发生（或发展）；结果是（尤指
19、出乎意料的结果）He said he was a doctor;but later he turned out to be a cheat.他自称是个医生，结果证明他是个骗子。2)to be known or discovered finally and surprisingly 最终成为；最终发现 The truth turned out to be stranger than we had expected.结果，真相比我们预期的更离奇。Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK26.ridiculous(Para.3)adj.stupid or unreasonable and deservi
20、ng to be laughed at 愚蠢的；荒唐的；可笑的Dont be so ridiculous!I cant possibly afford to stay in a hotel like that.别傻了！我才住不起那样的旅馆呢。Its ridiculous to expect a two-year-old to be able to read!指望一个两岁的孩子能阅读真是太荒唐了！Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK27.At that time,a barbaric tribe known as the Vandals swept through Rome.(Para.3)be
21、 known as:be taken as,be regarded as 以知名；被认为是；称为This design came to be known as the Oriental style.这种设计后来被称为东方风格。were sure youll be well-known as an artist.我们相信你会成为一位著名的画家。Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK28.intrigue(Para.4)1)vt.to interest someone a lot,especially by being strange,unusual,or mysterious（尤指因奇怪、不寻常或
22、神秘而）使很感兴趣，迷住 Throughout history,people have been intrigued by the question of whether there is intelligent life elsewhere in the universe.纵观历史，人们一直被这样一个问题吸引着：宇宙的其他地方是否也存在着有智力的生物？2)n.the making of a secret plan to do something,especially something that will harm another person（尤指伤害他人的）密谋；阴谋；诡计 He fou
23、nd himself snared in a web of intrigue.他发现自己中了圈套。Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK29.contemporary(Para.5)1)adj.belonging to the same or a stated period in the past 同时期的；同时代的 Almost all of the contemporary accounts of the event have been lost.几乎所有关于这一事件的同时期的记载都遗失了。2)n.someone living during the same period as someon
24、e else 同时代的人 He was a contemporary of Shakespeares.他和莎士比亚是同时代的人。3)n.a person who is of the same age as you 同龄人，同辈 She didnt mix with her contemporaries,preferring the company of older people.她不和同龄人在一起，而是喜欢和年长的人相处。Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK210.straddle(Para.7):vt.1)to sit or stand with one of your legs on ei
25、ther side of sb./sth.骑；跨坐；分腿站立 He looked at her with a grin and sat down,straddling the chair.他咧嘴笑着看她，然后跨坐在那把椅子上。2)to cross,or exist on both sides of a river,a road or an area of land 跨过，横跨（河流、道路或一片土地）A small wooden bridge straddled the dike.一座小木桥横跨那个排水渠。3)to exist within,or include different period
26、s,groups,or fields of activity 横跨，跨越，同属（不同时期、群体或活动领域等）John is a writer who straddles two cultures.约翰是一位横贯两种文化的作家。Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK211.link(Para.8)n.环；节；联系；纽带 v.连接；联系；挽住Television stations around the world are linked by satellite.全世界的电视台通过卫星联系一起。The road links all the new towns.这条路把所有的新城镇都连接起来了。Unit
27、6Unit6BOOKBOOK212.consensus(Para.8)n.a generally accepted opinion or decision among a group of people 一致的意见；共识The general consensus in the office is that he cant do his job.办公室成员一致认为他无法胜任工作。Could we reach a consensus on this matter?Lets take a vote.我们能在这件事上达成共识吗？我们来表决吧。Cultural NotesPart 5 5Unit6Uni
28、t6BOOKBOOK21.Street art(Para.1)Street art refers to art that is made in public spaces.It can take on many forms of paintings,sculptures,or stickers,etc.It is generally believed something that is described as street art has a raw,organic form that is not copied from what is already out there.It is of
29、ten an expression of rebellion against authority or against what is popular or established.Today street art has gradually accepted by people as part of a global visual culture.Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK22.Graffiti(Para.2):Graffiti is Italian for scribble,and Graffiti is an image or painting scrawled on a wa
30、ll.Urban graffiti originated in the 1960s in New Yorks Bronx district.Basically,graffiti is a kind of behavior close to writing,with the majority of words,symbols or graphics,signs and so on are also common contents.Most of the images simply indicate the intention,not deliberately detailed descripti
31、on.At present,there are some art expressions in the form of spray painting on the walls of some cities in China.Most of them are covered with calligraphy and close-ups of characters.Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK2Reading SkillsUsing Context ClueDefinition and Synonym In reading,a context clue is a form of infor
32、mation that appears near a word or phrase and offers direct or indirect suggestions about its meaning.When we come across a new word in our reading,instead of looking it up in a dictionary,we guess its meaning from its context clues.Definition and synonym are two kinds of context clues(上下文线索).Unit6U
33、nit6BOOKBOOK2Reading SkillsUsing Context ClueDefinition and Synonym1.Definition(释义):A definition directly states or explains a words meaning.e.g.Some species of frogs have become a extinct.They have completely disappeared from the face of the earth.2.Synonym(同义词):A synonym gives other,often similar
34、words with the same meaning.e.g.Many animals adaptations involve changes to behaviour,or the way an animal acts.ExercisesPart 6 6Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK2Directions:Find out the context clues in the following sentences and identify the context clues as definition or synonym.1)In slang,the term“jam”constit
35、utes a state of being in which a person finds himself or herself in a difficult situation.2)The annual bazaar is scheduled for the last day of school.Its always a fun festival.Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK2Directions:Find out the context clues in the following sentences and identify the context clues as defini
36、tion or synonym.3)People are still conjecturing about the mysterious fate of the Lost Colony.Some guess that Indians carried off or killed the settlers;others imagine that the Spaniard destroyed the settlement.What actually occurred is as yet unknown.4)For the purpose of electrostatic theory all mat
37、ters can be divided into two fairly different classes:conductors,in which electrical charge can flow easily from one place to another;and insulators,in which it cannot.Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK2Directions:Find out the context clues in the following sentences and identify the context clues as definition or
38、synonym.Answers:1)a state of being in which a person finds himself or herself in a difficult situation(definition)2)a fun festival(synonym)3)guess,imagine(synonym)4)in which electrical charge can flow easily from one place to another;in which it cannot(definition)Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK2Task 1:Critical T
39、hinkingDirections:Work in groups and discuss the theme-based questions to develop your critical thinking.Graffiti began as graffiti in Philadelphia,Pennsylvania,in the 1960s.As a capitalist country,the basic economic system of the United States leads to a precarious gap in peoples living standards b
40、etween the rich and the poor in the American society.Such a social situation will provoke some dissatisfaction and rebellion.The unemployed and dropouts in slum areas are anti-racial discrimination,anti-war and anti-rights repression.It is these racial problems brought by the living environment that
41、 lead to some unique cultural behaviors in American streets,such as street basketball,street dance,HIP&HOP and RAP songs.Graffiti is one of them.Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK2 When it comes to graffiti culture,its often polarizing.Most people see it as bad,defaced,crazy,and offensive,but there are others who s
42、ee graffiti as a genuine aesthetic,a monologue of the suppressed or voiceless.John Cage argued that we should treasure every sign of graffiti.Writer Norman Mailer,in her book The Belief in Graffiti,saw graffiti as a racial revolt against the evils of industrial and commercial civilization,romantical
43、ly interpreting it as a manifestation of social freedom and disorder.Suzi Gablik,an art critic,argues that street teenagers crave discovery in the fresh art market.Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK2 In China,graffiti is gradually being accepted.Graffiti culture in China does not have a strong rebellious color,but
44、rather,it is integrated with the most real thoughts of graffiti artists,and is the most direct inner voice of graffiti artists,with bright colors,sonorous voices and prominent personalities.They present their attitude to life in different forms to express the idea or idea they want to announce.“graf
45、fiti art”has traditionally referred to spray-painted labels or murals bearing the name of a particular artist,“street art”suggests a more image-based genre that extends to templates,stickers,wheat paste and other forms of visual“trickster”in urban environments,sometimes interacting directly with the
46、ir surroundings,such as easily combining with an existing sign or the location of a tree.Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK2 This makes“street art”visually more appealing than a classic spray-painted label.Still,the name itself suggests that the value of this kind of work is still rooted in the public space(i.e.,th
47、e street),which is at odds with the two environments that the art world values most:markets and museums.Some people think that the street work separated from the original environment,in order to sell or archive,thereby eliminating some of its anarchist magic,although some street artist has radically
48、 expanded their practice,beyond the streets and alleys and overpasses,but these methods still doesnt accord with the traditional framework of the museum.Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK2Work in groups and discuss the following questions:Some people say Chinese street art is a copy from the Western countries,do yo
49、u agree with them?Why or why not?What are the differences between Chinese street art and Western street art?Work in groups and discuss the differences between Chinese street art and Western street art.Unit6Unit6BOOKBOOK2Task 1:Critical Thinking Refrences for answers:In fact,we had street art as earl
50、y as the Han Dynasty.Chinas history of street art is not shorter than that of the West,and Chinas street art has its own characteristics.Take graffiti for example,compared with the Western graffiti,Chinese graffiti is different:At present,there are some art expressions in the form of spray painting