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1、武穴市育才高中英语高考复习专题阅读理解武穴育才高中 翟桃珍 体体裁裁如如20201111年年湖北湖北卷高考阅读理解的卷高考阅读理解的选材分别是：选材分别是：A A篇：诚实对于医生和病人的意义（记叙文）篇：诚实对于医生和病人的意义（记叙文）B B篇：关于狼的吼叫（说明文）篇：关于狼的吼叫（说明文）C C篇：回收垃圾（议论文）篇：回收垃圾（议论文）D D篇：如何调整忧郁的情绪（议论文）篇：如何调整忧郁的情绪（议论文）E E篇：新型手机篇：新型手机(说明文说明文)题题型型及及解解题题技技巧巧 1 主旨大意主旨大意 标志：标志：题干中题干中常常出现词：出现词：best title，main idea，
2、mainly about，mainly deal with,the author intends to 主旨大意类策略主旨大意类策略 “篇章首尾兼顾篇章首尾兼顾”1 1、要明白作者的意图、要明白作者的意图2 2、定标题题要：新颖、精准、简洁、定标题题要：新颖、精准、简洁3 3、大意题要：、大意题要：运用首运用首尾尾段信息段信息 或总结各自然段的信息之和或总结各自然段的信息之和如，如，20201111年年湖北湖北卷阅读理解卷阅读理解A A篇篇5454题题：54.What lesson has the author learnt from his experience?A.Learning for
3、m parents is necessary.B.Jumping to a conclusion is dangerous.C.Telling the truth may not always be the best solution.D.Selecting pleasant words may not be the perfect policy.解析解析:由第一段首句由第一段首句：Honesty,my mum used to tell me,is the best policy.最后段尾句最后段尾句：In being truthful,Id made the situation worse.
4、运用首运用首尾尾段段获取获取信息信息2011湖北八校第二次联考湖北八校第二次联考56.Which of the following might serve as title for this passage?A.My unusual profession B.A caring motherC.Mother and son D.dying in red解析：作者作为医疗提供者与艾滋病患者接解析：作者作为医疗提供者与艾滋病患者接触，特别是小触，特别是小Tyler,他与死神作斗争让人感叹，他与死神作斗争让人感叹，再文中再文中Im not scared.when I die,please dress
5、me in red.Mom promised shes coming to heaven,too.Tyler解析：作者作为医疗提供者与艾滋病患者接解析：作者作为医疗提供者与艾滋病患者接触，特别是小触，特别是小Tyler,他与死神作斗争让人感叹，他与死神作斗争让人感叹，再文中再文中Im not scared.when I die,please dress me in red.Mom promised shes coming to heaven,too.2 事实细节题事实细节题whowhatwherewhenwhyhowwhich(not true)事实细节类方法事实细节类方法-准确定位、返回原文
6、准确定位、返回原文(1)带着问题找答案（带着问题找答案（5w和和1h）(2)变通理解，间接转述找答案变通理解，间接转述找答案 （谨防偷梁换柱，张冠李戴）（谨防偷梁换柱，张冠李戴）(3)分析干扰项分析干扰项,a.是原文信息，但与要求不符是原文信息，但与要求不符;b.符合常识，但不符合题意；符合常识，但不符合题意；c.正误并存正误并存如，2011年湖北卷阅读理解B篇55題解析：由解析：由“choruschorus”定位答案定位答案在Perhaps something similar to people feeling a sense of involvement with each other w
7、hen singing a song together55.What is the possible similarity between wolves howling together and humans singing in chorus?A.The act of calling each other.B.The sense of accomplishment.C.The act of hunting for something.D.The sense of belonging to a group.similarity解析：由解析：由“choruschorus”定位答案定位答案在Per
8、haps something similar to people feeling a sense of involvement with each other when singing a song together变通理解，变通理解，间接转述找答案间接转述找答案猜测词义猜测词义 读懂文章读懂文章 3 方法一：Using word formation（构词法）With their shining brown eyes,wagging tails,and unconditional love,dogs can provide the nonjudgmental listeners needed
9、for a beginning reader to gain confidence.(2003NMET)unconditional:无条件的无条件的,绝对的绝对的 adj.adj.condition conditional 情况，条件情况，条件 n.n.有条件的有条件的 adj.adj.unconditional:nonjudgmental:没有判断力的没有判断力的judge judgment judgmental判断判断 v.判断判断 n.adj.nonjudgmental:方法二：方法二：Using context（利用上下文线索）同义词、近义词同义词、近义词 Doctors believ
10、e that smoking is detrimental to peoples health.They also regard drinking as harmful.有害的有害的 adj.作者可能会用一个近义词或者同义词去解释另一作者可能会用一个近义词或者同义词去解释另一个更难的词，以便使他的文字意思更清楚，近义词往个更难的词，以便使他的文字意思更清楚，近义词往往出现在同一句或者同一段落中。往出现在同一句或者同一段落中。also技巧技巧 1harmful资金资金 n.At the beginning they did not have enough capital to start a b
11、usiness,nor were they able to borrow the amount of money from the bank.money同义词、近义词nor同义词常见信词：同义词常见信词：or,namely,that or,namely,that is,i.e.,that is,i.e.,that is to say,is to say,等等。反义词反义词eg.Unlike his brother,who is truly a handsome man,John is quite homely“homely”means“”.uglyWith the help of words
12、like:unlike;buthowever,while,instead,on the other hand.Unlike handsome技巧技巧 2Rather than liking the movie,as I expected them to,all my friends abhorred it.厌恶，憎恨厌恶，憎恨If you agree,write“yes”;if you dissent,write“no”.不赞成；不同意不赞成；不同意Rather thanlikingnoyesagreeIn the past the world seemed to run in an orde
13、rly way.Now,however,everything seems to be in a state of turmoil.In the past the world seemed to run in an orderly way.Now,however,everything seems to be in a state of turmoil.定义、解释或举例定义、解释或举例 通过通过定义定义,定语从句定语从句/同位语同位语/词或词组词或词组(is;mean;that is;thats to say;or;namely;in other words;put it another way;
14、i.e,such as;like;for instance;for example)来确定词义来确定词义技巧技巧 31.When writing an article,we often use simile,such as“brave as a lion”and“quick like lightning”“simile”means“_”.【修辞修辞】明喻明喻常见的信号词：常见的信号词：such as,for example,for instance 等。等。2.Social mobility is the movement from one class or level of living t
15、o another.因果关系因果关系With the help of conjunctions like:because,as，since，for，so，thus，as a result，therefore，so that，etc.技巧技巧 4经验和常识经验和常识In spite of the fact that the fishermen were wearing souwesters,the storm was so heavy that they were wet through.a kind of raincoat 技巧技巧 5The heat of sun warms some oc
16、ean water.The surface of the water evaporates，forming a cloud of warm,wet air that moves upward“evaporates”means“_”turns into vapour 蒸发蒸发 Using word formationUsing context(上下文）上下文）Summary 小结小结3.1.2.反义反义词词3.定义、解释或举例定义、解释或举例4.因果关系因果关系 5.经验和常识经验和常识1.同义词、近义词同义词、近义词推推 理理 判判 断断4题干中题干中常常出现下列词：出现下列词：infer，c
17、onclude，imply，suggest，learn.将原文的某句话换个说法，将原文的某句话换个说法，不是原文照搬不是原文照搬。原文表示对比、比较或有转折的地方，原文表示对比、比较或有转折的地方，这些往往是出推理题的地方这些往往是出推理题的地方 根据题干中出现的关键人或物，根据题干中出现的关键人或物，回到原文找到细节，进行推理判断回到原文找到细节，进行推理判断2011年广东卷年广东卷B篇篇32.Some cats and dogs may fight whenA.they are cold to each otherB.they look away from each otherC.they
18、 misunderstood each others signalsD.they are introduced at an early age由文中 one reason for this is probably is that some of their body signals were just opposite将原文的某句话将原文的某句话换个说法换个说法题干中有题干中有attitudeattitude、thinkthink、believebelieve、considerconsider、regardregard等词汇等词汇5作者态度作者态度1 1不要把自己的态度揉入其中不要把自己的态度
19、揉入其中2.2.作者对文中提到的人物或他们的观点态作者对文中提到的人物或他们的观点态度时，答案多是肯定或否定，支持或反度时，答案多是肯定或否定，支持或反对。对。3.3.当作者的态度没有明确提出时，要学会当作者的态度没有明确提出时，要学会根据作者在文章中所运用的具有褒贬含根据作者在文章中所运用的具有褒贬含义的语言去判断作者的态度，如，义的语言去判断作者的态度，如，wonderfully,successfully,unfortunately,wonderfully,successfully,unfortunately,doubtfully doubtfully 等等观点态度类方法观点态度类方法如2
20、011年广东卷C篇40题40.The author chose the composition topic probably because A.he got disappointed with his first classB.he had prepared the topic before classC.he wanted to calm down the studentsD.he thought is was an easy topic解析：纵观全文，作者之前发表了几篇文章，认为写解析：纵观全文，作者之前发表了几篇文章，认为写作课对他来说不在话下，但没有想到课堂一片沉寂作课对他来说不在话
21、下，但没有想到课堂一片沉寂 1 1、时间安排和训练方法、时间安排和训练方法:每天坚持一定时间每天坚持一定时间的阅读训练的阅读训练2 2、词汇积累和理解、词汇积累和理解:平时复习中要有意平时复习中要有意识地积累和扩大词汇量，并且养成良好识地积累和扩大词汇量，并且养成良好的阅读习惯，阅读理解能力一定会逐步的阅读习惯，阅读理解能力一定会逐步提高。提高。3 3、阅读材料的选择、阅读材料的选择 :要尽可能选择报刊，要尽可能选择报刊，杂志或者网络上比较新颖的时文。杂志或者网络上比较新颖的时文。要要精读泛读相互融合，确保能开阔视野精读泛读相互融合，确保能开阔视野阅读理解备考策略阅读理解备考策略 Reading makes a full man;conference a ready man;and writing an exact man.