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1、PresentPerfectTense春天还会远吗春天还会远吗?willitstillbefarinspring?冬天已经来了冬天已经来了,Winterhasalreadycome,现在现在完成完成时态时态Winter has already come.现在现在完成完成时的构成形式时的构成形式havedonehas助动词助动词过去过去分词分词用来表示之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态，而其结果却和现用来表示之前已经发生或完成的动作或状态，而其结果却和现在有联系在有联系:动作或状态发生在过去动作或状态发生在过去,但它的但它的影响现在还存在影响现在还存在。Theyhaveleft.-他们已经离开了他们
2、已经离开了,也就是说现在他们人不在这里也就是说现在他们人不在这里Ihavehadmybreakfast.-我已经吃过午饭了我已经吃过午饭了,也就是说我现在不饿也就是说我现在不饿现在现在完成完成时的含义时的含义也可表示也可表示持续到现在持续到现在的动作或状态。的动作或状态。HehaslearnedEnglishsince2001.-从从2001年开始学的年开始学的,现在还在继续学着呢现在还在继续学着呢PresentPerfectTensehas/have+pastparticiple I have been to Japan.We have known each other.He has fou
3、nd his book.FormsofthepresentperfectStatement：have/has+p.p.Negative：have/hasnot+p.p.Question:Have/Has+sub.+p.p.?按要求改变句子。1.She has done her homework.(改否定句)2.She has already told us the news.(改否定句)3.The rain has already stopped.(改一般疑问句)4.They have bought a new car,_ _?(反义疑问句)She hasnt done her homewor
4、k.She hasnt told us the news yet.Has the rain stopped yet?havent they nowpastfuture一般过去时一般过去时现在完成时现在完成时一般过去时表示的是纯粹在过去发生的事情一般过去时表示的是纯粹在过去发生的事情现在完成时表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现在的动作现在完成时表示的是在过去某个时间开始并持续到现在的动作/状态状态,或者发生在或者发生在过去却对现在造成的影响过去却对现在造成的影响 现在完成时与一般过去时的比较现在完成时与一般过去时的比较1）一般过去时一般过去时表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作
5、表示过去某时发生的动作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作；现在完成时现在完成时为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响为过去发生的，强调过去的事情对现在的影响，强调的是影响。Isawthisfilmyesterday.（强调看的动作发生过了。）（强调看的动作发生过了。）Ihaveseenthisfilm.（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）（强调对现在的影响，电影的内容已经知道了。）2）一般过去时一般过去时 常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用常与具体的表示过去的时间状语连用;现在完成时现在完成时通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。通常与模糊的时间状语连用，或无时间状语。一般
6、过去时的时间状语一般过去时的时间状语:yesterday,lastweek，ago,in1990,inOctober,justnow,-具体的时间状语具体的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语现在完成时的时间状语:for,since,sofar,ever,never,just,yet,till/until,uptonow,inthepastfewyears,recently,-模糊的时间状语模糊的时间状语句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如句子中如有过去时的时间副词（如yesterday,last,week,in1960）时，）时，不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时不能使用现在完成时，要用过去时（错）（错）To
7、mhaswrittenalettertohisparentslastnight.（对）（对）Tomwrotealettertohisparentslastnight.常用于现在完成时的时间副词常用于现在完成时的时间副词,介词介词:already(已经):用于肯定句I have already posted the letter.yet:用于否定句(还),疑问句(已经)He hasnt done his homework yet.just(刚刚)They have just left.ever(曾经)Have you ever been to Beijing?never(从不)I have ne
8、ver seen him.before(以前)Have you seen the film before?since(自从以来)Ive worked in the school since 1999.for(长达)Hes lived in Shenzhen for 6 years.in the past/last several days/weeks/years(在过去的)recently(最近)I have not written to my parents recently.so far(到目前为止)So far she has learned 5 English songs.up to
9、now(到目前为止)this morning/month/year(今天早上/这个月/今年)since:(自自以来以来)1)since+时间点时间点Hehasstayedheresince5oclock.2)since+时间段时间段+agoHehasstayedheresince5hoursago.3)since+从句从句ShehastaughtEnglishsincehecamehere.for:(长达）达）for+时间段时间段Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.since,for的用法的用法:Takenotes since用来说明动作起始时间用来说明动作起始时间“自从自从”
10、for用来说明动作延续时间长度用来说明动作延续时间长度“长达长达”Ihavelivedhereformorethantwentyyears.IhavelivedheresinceIwasborn.Myaunthasworkedinacompanysince1949.Ihavenotheardfrommyuncleforalongtime.比较比较since和和for注意：并非有注意：并非有for作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时作为时间状语的句子都用现在完成时Iworkedhereformorethantwentyyears.(我现在已不在这里工作。我现在已不在这里工作。)Ihaveworked
11、hereformanyyears.(现在我仍在这里工作。现在我仍在这里工作。)用for 或since填空1.Mr.Brown has had his TV _ 15 years.2.Ive taken driving lessons _ last month.3.My sister has had her cell phone _ a month.4.My friends havent visited me _ my birthday.5.We havent used our car _ a long time.6.She hasnt had a good cup of coffee _ ye
12、ars.7.Tom has worn glasses _ he was 7 years old.forsinceforsinceforforsince实义动词分为:1)瞬间动词 2)延续动词 瞬间动词瞬间动词bnyujoinbegin/startborrowfinish/endarrive/comeleavediebuy注意注意:瞬间动词不能和瞬间动词不能和时间段时间段连用连用.method 1:动作动作状态状态die be over leaveborrow/buy arrive begin end/finish join marrykeep/havef be away be here be
13、on(上演）be married be in be dead1.他的爷爷已经去世2年了。2.Nick 参军3年了.3.他离开深圳好长时间了。4.这本书我已借了4个月了.His grandpa has died for 2 years.Nick has joined the army for 3 years.He has left Shenzhen for along time.I have borrowed the book for 4 months.XXXX实义动词分为:1)瞬间动词 (die,join,leave,borrow等)2)延续动词 (wait,know,learn 等)注意注意
14、:瞬间动词不能和时间段连用瞬间动词不能和时间段连用.1.Hedied10yearsago.-He_for10years/since10yearsago.2.Heborrowedthebook2weeksago.-He_thebookfor2weeks.3.Heboughtthemotorbikeamonthago.-He_themotorbikeforamonth.4.Hearrivedherethreedaysago.-He_heresincethreedaysago.5.Theyturnedoffthelight2hoursago.-Thelight_for2hours.6.Helefth
15、ere2yearsago.-He_fromherefor2years.7.Thefilmbegan30minutesago.-Thefilm_for30minutes.8.Theyopenedthedooranhourago.-Thedoor_foranhour.9.Theyclosedthedooranhourago.-Thedoor_foranhour.10.Hejoinedthearmylastyear.-He_a_forayear.-He_thearmyforayear.-It_ayear_hejoinedthearmy.延延续续性性动动词词和和瞬瞬间间性性动动词词之之间间的的转转化化
16、1.Hedied10yearsago.-Hehasbeendeadfor10years/since10yearsago.2.Heborrowedthebook2weeksago.-Hehaskeptthebookfor2weeks.3.Heboughtthemotorbikeamonthago.-Hehashadthemotorbikeforamonth.4.Hearrivedherethreedaysago.-Hehasbeenheresincethreedaysago.5.Theyturnedoffthelight2hoursago.-Thelighthasbeenonfor2hours.
17、6.Helefthere2yearsago.-Hehasbeenawayfromherefor2years.7.Thefilmbegan30minutesago.-Thefilmhasbeenonfor30minutes.8.Theyopenedthedooranhourago.-Thedoorhasbeenopenforanhour.9.Theyclosedthedooranhourago.-Thedoorhasbeenclosedforanhour.10.Hejoinedthearmylastyear.-Hehasbeenasoldierforayear.-Hehasbeeninthear
18、myforayear.-Itisayearsincehejoinedthearmy.延延续续性性动动词词和和瞬瞬间间性性动动词词之之间间的的转转化化(keys)延续动词表示经验、经历；延续动词表示经验、经历；瞬间动词表示行为的结瞬间动词表示行为的结果，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。果，不能与表示一段时间的状语连用。比较延续动词与瞬间动词比较延续动词与瞬间动词Hehasfinishedthework.他已完成了那项工作。他已完成了那项工作。(表结果表结果)Iveknownhimsincethen.我从那时起就认识他了。我从那时起就认识他了。(表经历表经历)HehasgonetoShanghai.
19、他他(已经已经)去上海了。去上海了。HehasbeentoShanghai.他他(曾经曾经)去过上海。去过上海。比较比较have/hasbeentohave/hasgonetoHewenttoShanghailastweek.他他(曾经曾经)到到/去过上海去过上海在他人生中曾经有过这样的在他人生中曾经有过这样的经历经历,但他人现在肯定不是在上海而是回来了但他人现在肯定不是在上海而是回来了他已经他已经去上海了去上海了也许刚动身出发也许刚动身出发,也许已经到了也许已经到了,也也许还在路上许还在路上,反正他人不在这里反正他人不在这里上周他上周他做了一件事做了一件事:那就是那就是去了上海去了上海Heh
20、asbeentoShanghai.HehasgonetoShanghai.HehasbeeninShanghaifor10years.他他呆在上海迄今为止已经呆在上海迄今为止已经10年了年了现在还在上海没现在还在上海没有离开呢有离开呢HelivedinShanghaifor10years.以前他以前他在上海住过在上海住过10年年现在不在上海了现在不在上海了辨辨析析这这些些句句子子由由时时态态导导致致的的含含义义上上的的差差别别用have/has been to,have/has gone to填空：1.Where is your brother?He _ the shop.Hell be ba
21、ck soon.2._ you ever _ to America?Yes,I _ New York twice.3.Here you are at last!Where _ you _?I _ London.4.David _ Australia.Im sure hes already arrived.5.Is Benny here?No,he _ the school library.He left five minutes ago.has gone toHave been tohave been tohave beenhave been tohas gone tohas gone to规
22、则动词的过去分词 work visit ask play stay worked visited asked played stayedliked lived movedlike live movecarried worried tried criedcarry worry try crystop drop rob plan prefer stopped dropped robbed planned preferred三式相同不规则动词的过去分词cost cut hit hurt set put shut readbringbuythinkteachcatchbroughtboughtthoughttaughtcaughtbroughtboughtthoughttaughtcaughtfeelleavetellsellsaylayfeltlefttoldsoldsaidlaidfeltlefttoldsoldsaidlaidbeginfallflyforgettakewearwritecomebecomeruncamebecamerancomebecomerunbeganfellflewforgottookworewrotebegunfallenflownforgottentakenwornwritten