2023届广东省佛山市高三上学期普通高中教学质量检测(一)英语试题含解析有重名297679.docx

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1、20222023学年佛山市普通高中高三教学质量检测(一)英语2022. 12本试卷共8页满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项:1答卷前,考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时,选出每小题答案后,用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改 动,用橡皮擦干净后,再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时,将答案写在答题卡上,写在本 试卷上无效。因不考听力,试卷从第二部分的“阅读”开始,试题序号从“21”开始。第二部分阅读(共两节,满分50分)第一节(共15小题:每小题2. 5分,满分37. 5分)阅读下列短文,从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATotal

2、 Solar Eclipse 2023 AustraliaOne of natures most remarkable cvcnts-a total solar eclipse(日蚀)一will take place on the western edge of Australia on April 20th, 2023 and we have chosen the perfect way fbr you to enjoy this event: on a cruise(航游)alThere have been only five total solar eclipses in Austral

3、ia over the past century and this is the first hybrid eclipse in more than 100() years. Unlike other cruises for this event, ours has the well-known astronomer Abigail Beall to accompany you. You will have the best possible view of the event as well as enjoying lectures and stargazing on land and a(

4、 sea. Abigail will be on hand throughout, giving lectures on the history and science of eclipses, the black hole at the centre of the galaxy-along with providing many opportunities for guided stargazing. Plus, there will be additional talks from the Astronomical Society of Australia. Click here for

5、detailed arrangements of the tour.Single occupancyPer guest based on two people sharingInterior cabin2,429 1,699Oceanview cabin3,2292, 199If you wish to add a third adult or child to your room, please ask for a quote.Alongside the cruise, you can also explore some of Australias best scientific and n

6、atural phenomena with a appointment with the gallery owner would have given up on me. Perhaps it was for the best. It was, after all. the first time in 40 years anyone had shown such an interest in my art. Maybe if the gallery owner had seen all my paintings, he would have changed his mind about off

7、ering me space on his walls.Disappointment filled my soul. Should I dial the gallery and get an interview on a different day? But Pierre Gianni was the owner of the most well-known gallery in New York City. Why would he give a rare second chance to an elderly nobody when he had (he newest, coolest y

8、oung artists to choose from?Come to think of it, perhaps these insecurities were the very reason I had never been offered a show before. I was too afraid to try. I found countless excuses not to offer my work up to be seen and perhaps criticized. I (old myself it would hurt too much if I failed, but

9、 the truth was that I had never tried.Finally, I gathered all my courage to dial the gallery, only to find my antique cell phone had broken down. It was at the very moment that I was in total despair and decided to go home.注意:1 .续写词数应为150左右;.请按如下格式在答题卡的相应位置作答。Suddenly I felt a touch on my shoulder.T

10、he next moming I got to the gallery on time.1. AD2. B 【导语】本文是应用文。文章是为可以参加澳大利亚西部边缘发生的日全食的海上巡航做广告。1. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Unlike other cruises fbr this event, ours has the well-known astronomer Abigail Beall t。accompany you.(与其他游轮不同的是,我们有着名的天文学家阿比盖尔比尔陪同您。)“可知,专家的指 导让这个游轮与众不同。故选A。2. 细节理解题。根据表格 Oceanview cabin 后

11、的“Per guest based on two people sharing 2, 199(按两人分摊每 位客人2199英镑计算)”可知,夫妇两人要2199乘以2=4398英镑。故选D。3. 推理判断题。根据第一段“One of natures most remarkable events-a total solar eclipse(日蚀)一will take place on the western edge of Australia on April 20th, 2023 and we have chosen the perfect way fbr you to enjoy this e

12、vent: on a cruise(航游)al sea.(自然界最引人注目的事件之一日全食 将于2023年4月20日在澳大利亚西部边缘发生,我们为你选择了享受这一事件的完美方式:在海上巡航。户可知,本文的目的是为一次特别巡 游做广告。故选瓦D4. CD5. A【导语】这是一篇新闻报道。文章主要讲述了 Deveza用自己的一半肝脏交换别人的肾脏给自己的妈妈,并取得了 成功。这一成功的案例具有积极的影响。4. 细节理解题。根据文章第二段内容“Deveza came up with a different plan. In 2017, she started the worlds first pai

13、red exchange of different organs between living donors, exchanging half her liver fbr someone elses kidncy.(Dcvcza提出了一个不同的计划。2017年,她开始了世界上第一次活体捐赠者之间的不同器官配对 交换,用自己的一半肝脏交换别人的肾脏。广可知,Deveza为了帮助妈妈移植合适的肾脏,用自己的一半 肝脏作为交换。故选D项。5. 主旨大意题。通过阅读,结合第三段的关键句“there are never enough organs.(但器官永远都不够用户, “people with ki

14、dney failure are increasingly receiving donated organs from relatives or fYiends(肾衰竭患者越来 越多地接受亲友捐赠的器官)和doctors may be able to find pairs of would-be donors who can each give a kidney to the others relative(医生可能会找到成对的潜在捐赠者,他们各自可以将一个肾脏捐给对方的亲属)” 可知,该段主要讲述了器官移植的现状。故选C项。6. 推理判断题。根据文章末尾段内容“The team hope t

15、hat the ground-breaking case will inspire more people to consider doing the same. Roberts says that direct exchanges involving two donors could enable up to thirty extra living-donor liver transplants a yeara ten per cent increase.(研究小组希望这个开创性的案例能激励更多的人 考虑做同样的事情。罗伯茨说,涉及两名捐赠者的直接交换每年可增加多达30例活体肝脏移植增加 1

16、0%。户可知,他们两个的“器官互换”的成功可以对其他人产生激励作用,从而使直接交换器官的案例增 加。由此可推知,这产生了令人满意的结果。故选D项。7. 主旨大意题。通过阅读文章可知,文章第二段内容“In 2017, she started the worlds first paired exchange of different organs between living donors, exchanging half her liver fbr someone else、kidney.( 2017 年, 她开始了 世界上第一次活体捐赠者之间的不同器官配对交换,用自己的一半肝脏交换别人的肾脏。

17、广为核心话题, 即,文章主要讲述了 Deveza用自己的一半肝脏交换别人的肾脏给自己的妈妈,并取得了成功,后文则以 此为延申讲述了其可能产生的积极影响。因此,选项A“My Liver, Your Kidney(我的肝,你的仔)”不仅贴合 主旨,且作为标题更具有吸引力。故选A项。8. BC9. AB【导语】这是一篇说明文。主要介绍了一项新研究。新研究发现朋友的帖子对人们的影响比名人的更大,让人们更 容易与朋友进行比较。但是作者建议人们放下手机,心存感激,努力过自己的生活。8. 细节理解题。文章第二段讲到Engaging with social media shared by our friend

18、s can be more damaging than looking at content shared by celebrities, new research has found. ( 项新的研究发现,与看名人分享的内容相 比,参与朋友分享的社交媒体可能更具破坏性广可知新研究发现朋友的帖子对我们的影响比名人的更大, 02/22故选B。9. 推理判断题。文章第二段讲到“Viren Swami, Professor of Social Psychology at Anglia Ruskin University, believes this is partly because we know

19、 its hard to attain the lives of celebrities or influences, but when were comparing ourselves to our friends, it feels like we should- or couId-live the way they do. (Anglia Ruskin 大学社 会心理学教授Viren Swami认为,这部分是因为我们知道很难获得名人或影响力的生活,但当我们将自己 与朋友进行比较时,感觉我们应该或者可以像他们那样生活)可知根据Swam的说法,我们更容易与朋友 进行比较是因为他们的生活方式更

20、容易见得到,故选C。10. 词义猜测题。文章划线单词卜,一句讲到“We all have one area in our lives that triggers(触 发)us. Maybe youve been searching for a new job for months and you find yourself on social media, envying your school friend who just landed their dream role.(我们的生活中都有一个领域触发了我们。也许你U1经找了好几个月的新工作, 你在社交媒体上发现自己,羡慕你的学校朋友,他刚

21、刚找到了他们梦想中的角色。)”可知划线单词所在句 子的意思是:但这不仅仅局限于身体形象。所以第六段中带下划线的单词可能的意思是“受限制的“,故选 Ao11. 推理判断题。文章最后一段讲到“Everyone has their stmggles and life is indeed not perfect for anyone. So, put down your phone, get offline, be thankful and try to live your own life.(每个人都有自己的奋斗,生活对任何人 来说都不完美。所以,放下手机,下线,心存感激,努力过自己的生活。)”可知

22、作者建议人们停止比较, 做你自己,故选B。12. CC13. BA【导语】本文是说明文。文章主要介绍好奇心可以帮助记忆和提高学习兴趣,12. 细节理解题。根据第二段“Consider a study at the University of California at Davis in 2014. The researchers first asked each participant to rate their curiosity about learning the answers to a series of questions, such as ”What does the tenn

23、dinosaur actually mean?” The participants then lay in an fMRI brain scanner (扫描仪)while the same questions were presented, followed shortly after by the answers. The participants were then tested on their 03/22recollection of the facts an hour later.(想想2014年加州大学戴维斯分校的一项研究。研究人员首先要求每个 参与者对系列问题的答案进行好奇心评

24、估,比如“恐龙这个词到底是什么意思?”然后,参与者躺在核磁 共振扫描仪中,同时提出同样的问题,然后很快就会给出答案。一小时后,测试参与者对这些事实的记忆。)” 可知,这项研究关注的是好奇心对记忆力的影响。故选C。13. 细节理解题。根据第二段“The researchers first asked each participant to rate their curiosity about learning the answers to a series of questions (研究人员首先要求每个参与者对一系歹I问题的答案进行好奇心评估)”可知, 首先向参与者提出问题的S的是要衡量他们对

25、问题的好奇心。故选Co14. 推理判断题。根据第三段“Dopamine is normally associated with reward, but animal studies suggest that it can also enhance the formation of new neural(神经的)connections. It looked as if the feeling of curiosity was helping prepare the brain to absorb the new and important information, and this then r

26、esulted in a more stable memory.(多 巴胺通常与奖赏有美,但动物研究表明,它也能促进新的神经连接的形成。似乎好奇的感觉有助于大脑准 备吸收新的重要信息,这会导致记忆更加稳定。户可推断,多巴胺促进新的神经连接的形成,有助于大脑 吸收新知识,导致记忆稳定,因此推断它可能有助于学习。故选B。15. 推理判断题。根据最后一段This additional, and unexpected, memory boost could be extremely useful whenever wcrc trying to learn something new and compl

27、icated. Wcrc unlikely, after all, to find every single element of our studies interesting. But if we can develop some curiosity about at least some of the facts, we may find that the rest of the material also sticks far more easily.(每当我们试图学习新的和复杂的东西时,这种额外的、意想不到的 记忆增强可能会非常有用。毕竟,我们不太可能发现我们研究中的每一个元素都很有

28、趣。但是,如果我们 能对至少一些事实产生好奇心,我们可能会发现,其余的材料也更容易粘住。户可知,这个意外的发现表 明,好奇心可以激发学习兴趣。故选A。16. GE17. DB18. C【导语】这是篇说明文。文章主要介绍了几条露营小技巧:做好相应地计划A,然后还需要B计划以应对变化的 自然;按需准备露营物资;永远考虑安全,应急安全包很重要。04/2216.后文“Thals why weve prepared the best camping tips for you!(这就是为什么我们为您准备了最好的露营小 贴土!户讲述的是结果:准备露营小贴十。因此,设空句应是讲述这样做的原因,呼应“why”。

29、选项G“Bul for beginner campers, those expectations can rapidly turn into a mess orealily.(但对于初学露营的人来说,这些 期望很快就会变成现实的混乱。)”解释了原因,且在句意上与前文构成转折关系,前后衔接紧密。故选G 项。17. 前文“When youre out in the middle of nowhere, you have to be equipped to natures challenges当你身处偏僻 之地时,你必须准备好迎接大自然的挑战。户提到了“自然的挑战“,JS-Therefore, a

30、plan for unexpected weather changes is essential to a successful camping trip.(因此,应对意外天气变化的计划对于成功的露营旅行 至关重要。厂提到了“不可预料的天气变化”,因此,设空句应同样涉及“天气”话题,以与前后文衔接。选 项 E“A clear 3-day forecast can easily shift into a sudden heavy rain.(一个晴朗的 3 天预报很容易转变为突然的 大雨。厂符合题意,承上启下。故选E项。18. 根据主旨句“Knowwhalyouneed.(知道你需要什么。户可知

31、,该段讲述的是对于露营物资方面的准备,且后 文“Nol all beginner campers will need the top-of-(he-line, latest supplies. But you should have al least (he basics!(并非所有初学者都需要顶级的最新用品。但你至少应该有基础知识!户讲述了“适当”这一原则,因 此设空句要呼应主题露营物质和适当。选项DCamping doesnt have to be complicated or expensive.(露 营不必复杂或昂贵。)“贴合主题,符合分析。故选D项。19. 根据后文“When you

32、re far away from the major conveniences wc rely upon like an urgent care center, police stations. and emergency rooms, you should always remember that safety is your first priority!(当你远离我们所依 赖的主要便利设施,如紧急护理中心、警察局和急诊室时,你应该永远记住,安全是你的第一要务!户可 知,该段强调的是“露营的安全”,设空句作为主旨句,应突出“安全选项BNever leave home without saf

33、ety in mind.(永远不要离开家而不考虑安全。户符合题意,可以作为小标题。故选B项。20. 根据前文“When youre far away from the major conveniences we rely upon like an urgent care center, police stations, and emergency rooms, you should always remember that safety is your first priority!(当你远离我们所依 赖的主要便利设施,如紧急护理中心、警察局和急诊室时,你应该永远记住,安全是你的第一要务!)“

34、和 下文“A first aid kit is a great starting point, but its certainly not the end of maximizing your safety efforts.(急救 箱是一个很好的起点,但它肯定不是最大限度地提高安全努力的终点。)”可知,作者在这里强调了外出的 05/22安全,并且提到了急救箱。由此推知,空处内容应与急救箱有关,选项C“We encourage you to create a safety supply kit.(我们鼓励您创建一个安全供应包。户符合分析。故选C项。21. AB22. BD23. CC24. AC

35、25. DC26. BD27. DC28. A【导语】本文是夹叙夹议文。文章主要讲述作者对他的家的喜欢,尤其对家人的思念和感恩。21. 考查动词词义辨析。句意:在成长过程中,我的父母从未强迫我和弟弟离开我们在洪斯洛的房子,但我们 没有被鼓励永远住在那里。A. encouraged鼓励;B. reminded提醒;C. allowed允许:D. persuaded说服。根 据下文“t。live there forever”可知,虽然作者的父母从未强迫他和弟弟离开他们在洪斯洛的房子,但是也不 会不让他们离开。这样上下文可以构成对比关系。故选A。22. 考查名词词义辨析。句意:我的家人总是对我有特别

36、的吸引力。A. plan计划;B. pull拉力;C. request请 求;D. pressure 压力。根据下文“Our parents encouraged us to spend time together: meals were eaten as a family and TV viewing was 3”可知,作者的家人之间是很和谐温馨的,所以家对他来说有很大的吸引力。故选Bo考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们的父母鼓励我们一起度过时光:一家人一起吃饭,一起看电视。A.guaranleed06/22保障;B. shared 分享:C. favored 喜欢;D. scheduled 安排

37、。根据上文“Our parents encouraged us to spend time together: meals were eaten as a fhmily”可知,作者的父母鼓励他们起度过时光,所以应该是家人起吃 饭,一起看电视。故选B.23. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:当我18岁上大学时,我知道我凌乱的学生公寓是临时的,我真正的家是回 到洪斯洛,我很感激我可以随时I川来。A. inconvenient不便的;B. disturbing令人烦扰的;C. ordinary常见 的;D. temporary暂时的。根据下文“my real home was back in Hounsl

38、ow”可知,作者认为,凌乱的学生公寓 是临时的,真正的家是在洪斯洛。故选D。24. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:见第4题详解。A. concerned关心的;B. convinced确信的;C. grateful感谢 的;D. hopeful满怀希望的。根据下文“that I could return whenever I wanted to”可知,作者应该是很感激可 以随时回家。故选C。25. 考查副词词义辨析。句意:在接下来的几个月里,我会定期回来看望我的父亲,并督促他去购物,开始做 适当的饭菜。A. secretly秘密地;B. hesitantly犹豫地;C. regularly规律地;

39、D. randomly随意地。根据上文 “When I was 19, my mum passed away.何知,作者的母亲去世了,所以他应该是经常回家看父亲。故选C。 27.考查动词词义辨析。句意:见第6题详解。A. urging催促;B. instructing指示;C. inviting邀请;D. forcing 迫使。根据上文“When I was 19, my mum passed away. In the following months, I would come back 6 checking in on my dad”可知,作者的母亲去世了,所以他应该是经常回家看父亲,并督

40、促父亲学会照顾好 自己。故选Ao考查介词短语辨析。句意:三年后,我负债累累,搬了回来。A. out of touch够不到;B. out of work失业; C. in debt 欠账;D. in pain 痛苦。根据上文“When I went to university at JI”, Three years later”和下文As I looked for work”可知,作者大学毕业要找工作,所以身上没有钱,应该是负债的情况。故选C。28. 考查动词词义辨析。句意:当我找工作的时候,我会确保一起吃饭。A. pretend假装;B. find发现;C. believe 相信;D. en

41、sure确保。根据下文“the meals were eaten together”可知,虽然作者在找工作,但是他仍然会确 保跟父亲一起吃饭。故选D。29. 考查副词词义辨析。句意:不幸的是,住在一所房子里的两个悲伤的男人不太像一个家庭。A. Unusually 07/22不寻常地;B. Unbelievably难以置信地;C. Unfortunately不幸地;D. Unexpectedly出乎意料地。根据下文“twosad men living in a house are less of a family.可知,这样的状况对他们来说是很不幸的。故选C。30. 考查名词词义辨析。句意:最终

42、,在2018年,我获得了一份工作。A. gift礼物;B. job工作;C. hobby爱 好;D. vacation假期。根据上文“As I looked fbr work”可知,作者是要找工作。故选B。31. 考查名词词义辨析。句意:是我获得独立的时候了,我收拾行李离开了。A. experience经历;B. comfort 安慰;C. confidence自信:D. independence独立。根据下文“and I packed up and left”可知,作者是要开始自 己的独立生活了。故选D。32. 考查动词词义辨析。句意:我们的家庭正在改变。A. disappearing消失;

43、B. struggling挣扎;C. enlarging扩 大;D. changing 改变。根据下文“My mums pictures have been replaced with new photographs; her clothes and scent are gone”可知,作者的家里发生了改变。故选D。33. 考查形容词词义辨析。句意:但是,我很高兴事情变得不同了。A.shocked震惊的:B. confused困惑的;C. glad 高兴的;D. nervous 紧张的。根据 F 文Tve realized that the home my mum created isnt j

44、ust a(n) l 5-it is something she instilled (灌输)in us.”可知,作者对家里的改变很满意。故选Co34. 考查名词词义辨析。句意:我意识到,我妈妈创造的家不仅仅是一个地方,还是她灌输给我们的东西。A. place 地方;B. meal 饭;C. drcam 梦想;D. image 形象。根据上文“the home my mum created”可知,这里指 妈妈创造的家,是一个地方。故选A。35. popularityits36. andseeking37. to runtruly38. whichof39. was consideredhas

45、opened【导语】本文是篇应用文。文章主要介绍了咖啡店在重庆的流行,咖啡的独特口味在重庆正越来越受欢迎。36. 考查名词。句意:在重庆中国西南部的一座山城,以火锅闻名,火锅通常配啤酒或浓茶,独特的 咖啡口味正越来越受欢迎。根据句意和空格前的动词gain以及所给形容词popular分析句子可知,空格处 应该填入popular的名诃形式popularity作动词gain的宾语。故填popularity.,37. 考查形容词性物主代词。句意:在北京的老社区戴家巷,一条新开的咖啡街以其独特的设计风格吸引了所 有人的目光。根据句意和所给代词it以及空格后的style分析句子可知,空格处应该填入形容词性

46、物主代 词its作定语,修饰后面的styleo故填its。38. 考查连词。句意:通过使用几座老建筑的现有一楼作为店面,新街道为老年人带来了现代氛围,并将其转 变为社交媒体爱好者的理想目的地,以获得拍照机会和风景。根据句意和空格前的brought以及空格后的 transformed分析句子可知,空格处应该填入连词and,连接brought和transformed。故填and。39. 考查现在分词。句意:通过使用几座老建筑的现有一楼作为店面,新街道为老年人带来了现代氛围,并将 其转变为社交媒体爱好者的理想目的地,以获得拍照机会和风景。根据句意和所给动词seek以及空格前的 名词enthusias

47、ts分析句子可知,空格处应该填入seek的非谓语形式作定语,修饰前面的名词enthusiasts; 因为enthusiasts和动词seek之间是主动关系,所以应该用现在分词seeking作定语。故填seeking。40. 考查不定式。句意:30岁的店主吴龙泉是第一个在这里开咖啡店的人。因为。nc前面有the first修饰,所 以后面应该用不定式形式作定语。故填to run。41. 考查副词。句意:吴说:“虽然这个社区很古老,但它的地理位置、美妙的江景和老式的建筑风格都让它 非常吸引人根据句意和空格后的形容词attractive以及所给形容词true分析句子可知,空格处应该填入 true的副

48、词形式truly,修饰后面的形容词attractiveo故填truly.42. 考查定语从句。句意:吴承认这是他梦想中的咖啡店,这里不仅提供高品质的咖啡,也是他个性的体现。 根据句意分析句子可知,空格后的部分是一个非限制性定语从句,对先行词coffee shop进行限定说明;该 定语从句缺少主语,所以空格处应该填入一个关系代词,代替先行词coffee shop在从句中作主语。故填 which oseries of tailored add-on tours covering astronomy on the east coast and visits to Uluru, Sydney, the Great Barrier Reef and much more. On the last day of the tour, we can send you back to the airport for your return journey home, or you can join one of our add-on tours. Click here for full details about add-on tours.1. What makes the cruise different from others?A. A specialists guidance.

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