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1、成功在于执着，祝大家考研成功！ 第 1 页2016 年 6 月大学英语四级真题及参考答案Part Listening Comprehension（听力部分共有两套）四级第一套Section A 1.C)Rising unemployment worldwide.2.A)Many countries have not taken measures to create enough jobs.3.B)Put calorie information on the menu.4.A)They will be fined.C)They will get a warning.5.D)Failure to
2、integrate innovation into their business.6.B)It is the creation of something new.7.C)Its innovation culture.Section B 8.D)He does not talk long on the phone.9.B)Talk at length.10.A)He thought it was cool.11.C)It is childish and unprofessional.12.B)He is unhappy with his department manager.13.A)His w
3、orkload was much too heavy.14.C)His boss has a lot of trust in him.15.D)Talk to his boss in person first.Section C 16.A)The importance of sleep to a healthy life.17.C)They get less and less sleep.18.D)Their blood pressure will rise.19.B)What course you are going to choose.20.D)The personal statement
4、.21.C)Indicate they have reflected and thought about the subject.22.B)It was built in the late 19th century.23.D)They often broke down.24.A)They were produced on the assembly line.25.C)It marked a new era in motor travel.四级第二套成功在于执着，祝大家考研成功！ 第 2 页Section A 1.C)Why sufficient sleep is important for c
5、ollege students.2.C)Making last-minute preparations for tests may be less effective than sleeping.3.B)Whether the British irports Authority should sell off some of its assets.4.D)Lack of runway and terminal capacity.5.D)Report the nicotine content of their cigarettes.6.A)The biggest increase in nico
6、tine content tended to be in brands young smokers like.7.B)They were not prepared to comment on the cigarette study.Section B 8.A)Holland.9.D)Learning a language where it is not spoken.10.C)Trying to speak it as much as one can.11.A)It provides opportunities for language practice.12.B)Rules and regu
7、lations for driving.13.C)Make cars that are less powerful.14.D)They tend to drive responsibly.15.C)It is not useful.Section C 16.D)The card reader failed to do the scanning.17.B)By covering the credit card with a layer of plastic.18.A)Produce many low-tech fixes for high-tech failures.19.A)They vary
8、 among different departments.20.D)By contacting the deparmental office.21.B)They specify the number of credits students must earn.22.C)Students in health classes.23.A)Its overemphasis on thinness.24.B)To explain how computer images can be misleading.25.C)To promote her own concept of beauty.Part Rea
9、ding Comprehension 四级第一套Section A 26.O)tend 27.M)review 28.L)performance 成功在于执着，祝大家考研成功！ 第 3 页29.K)particularly 30.N)survive 31.E)dropping 32.J)mutually 33.H)flow 34.F)essential 35.I)mood Section B 36.E）“We thought we would see differences based on the housing types,”said the lead author of the stud
10、y,Julie Robison,an associate professor of medicine at the university.A reasonable assumption dont families struggle to avoid nursing homes and suffer real guilt if they cant?37.L）Of course,sons and daughters want to visit the facilities,talk to the administrators and residents and other families,and
11、 do everything possible to fulfill their duties.But perhaps they dont have to turn themselves into private investigators or Congressional subcommittees.“Families can look a bit more for where the residents are going to be happy,”Dr.Sloane said.And involving the future resident in the process can be
12、very important.38.B）Does assisted living really mark a great improvement over a nursing home,or has the industry simply hired better interior designers?Are nursing homes as bad as people fear,or is that an out-moded stereotype(固定看法)？Can doing ones homework really steer families to the best places?It
13、 is genuinely hard to know.39.H）An elderly person who describes herself as in poor health,therefore,might be no less depressed in assisted living(even if her children preferred it)than in a nursing home.A person who had input into where he would move and has had time to adapt to it might do as well
14、in a nursing home as in a small residential care home,other factors being equal.It is an interaction between the person and the place,not the sort of place in itself,that leads to better or worse experiences.“You cant just say,Lets put this person in a residential care home instead of a nursing home
15、 she will be much better off,”Dr.Robison said.What matters,she added,“is a combination of what people bring in with them,and what they find there.”40.N）The daughter feared her mother would be ignored there,and so she decided to move her into a more welcoming facility.Based on what is emerging from s
16、ome of this research,that might have been as rational a way as any to reach a decision.41.J）As I was considering all this,a press release from a respected research firm crossed my desk，announcing that the five-star rating system that Medicare developed in 2008 to help families compare nursing home q
17、uality also has little relationship to how satisfied its residents or their family members are.As a matter of fact,consumers expressed higher satisfaction with the one-star facilities,the lowest rated,than with the five-star ones.(More on this study and the star ratings will appear in a subsequent p
18、ost.)成功在于执着，祝大家考研成功！ 第 4 页42.F）In the initial results,assisted living residents did paint the most positive picture.They were less likely to report symptoms of depression than those in the other facilities,for instance,and less likely to be bored or lonely.They scored higher on social interaction.43
19、.C）I am about to make things more complicated by suggesting that what kind of facility an older person lives in may matter less than we have assumed.And that the characteristics adult children look for when they begin the search are not necessarily the things that make a difference to the people who
20、 are going to move in.I am not talking about the quality of care，let me hastily add.Nobody flourishes in a gloomy environment with irresponsible staff and a poor safety record.But an accumulating body of research indicates that some distinctions between one type of elder care and another have little
21、 real bearing on how well residents do.44.I）Such findings,which run counter to common sense,have surfaced before.In a multi-state study of assisted living,for instance,University of North Carolina researchers found that a host of variables the facilitys type,size or age;whether a chain owned it;how
22、attractive the neighborhood was had no significant relationship to how the residents fared in terms of illness,mental decline,hospitalizations or mortality.What mattered most was the residents physical health and mental status.What people were like when they came in had greater consequence than what
23、 happened once they were there.45.G）But when the researchers plugged in a number of other variables,such differences disappeared.It is not the housing type,they found,that creates differences in residents responses.“It is the characteristics of the specific environment they are in,combined with thei
24、r own personal characteristics how healthy they feel they are,their age and marital status,”Dr.Robison explained.Whether residents felt involved in the decision to move and how long they had lived there also proved significant.Section C 46.C)It can be avoided if human values are translated into thei
25、r language.47.D)They are ill-bred.48.C)By picking up patterns from massive data on human behavior.49.B)Stop to seek advice from a human being.50.A)Determine what is moral and ethical.51.A)to see whether peoples personality affects their life span 52.D)They are more likely to get over hardship.53.C)S
26、uch personality characteristics as self-discipline have no effect on longevity.54.D)Mothers negative personality characteristics may affect their childrens life span.55.B)Longevity results from a combination of mental and physical health.四级第二套成功在于执着，祝大家考研成功！ 第 5 页Section A 26.G)growing 27.A)dependen
27、t 28.C)fast 29.F)give 30.H)launch 31.N)successful 32.I)policyl 33.B)designed 34.O)treatments 35.E)gained Section B 36.D)As we begin to examine our life,Soupios says,we come to Rule No.2:Worry only about things that you can control.“The individual who promoted this idea was a Stoic philosopher.His na
28、me is Epictetus,”he says.“And what the Stoics say in general is simply this:There is a larger plan in life.You are not really going to be able to understand all of the dimensions of this plan.You are not going to be able to control the dimensions of this plan.”37.B)The wisdom of the ancient Greek ph
29、ilosophers is timeless,says Soupios.The philosophy professor says it is as relevant today as when it was first written many centuries ago.“There is no expiration(失效)date on wisdom,”he says.“There is no shelf life on intelligence.I think that things have become very gloomy these days,lots of misunder
30、standing,misleading cues,a lot of what the ancients would have called sophistry(诡辩).The nice thing about ancient philosophy as offered by the Greeks is that they tended to see life clear and whole,in a way that we tend not to see life today.”38.F)To have a meaningful,happy life we need friends.But a
31、ccording to Aristotlea student of Plato and teacher of Alexander the Greatmost relationships dont qualify as true friendships.“Just because I have a business relationship with an individual and I can profit from that relationship,it does not necessarily mean that this person is my friend,”Soupios sa
32、ys.“Real friendship is when two individuals share the same soul.It is a beautiful and uncharacteristically poetic image that Aristotle offers.”39.A)Is it possible to enjoy a peaceful life in a world that is increasingly challenged by threats and uncertainties from wars,terrorism,economic crises and
33、a widespread outbreak of infectious diseases?The answer is yes,according to a new book The 10 Golden Rules:Ancient Wisdom from the Greek Philosophers on Living a Good Life.The book is co-authored by Long Island Universitys philosophy professor Michael Soupios and economics professor Panos Mourdoukou
34、tas.40.L)“This is Aesop,the fabulist(寓言家),the man of these charming little tales,often told in terms of animals and animal relationships,”he says.“I think what Aesop was suggesting is that 成功在于执着，祝大家考研成功！ 第 6 页when you offer a good turn to another human being,one can hope that that good deed will co
35、me back and sort of pay a profit to you,the doer of the good deed.Even if there is no concrete benefit paid in response to your good deed,at the very least,the doer of the good deed has the opportunity to enjoy a kind of spiritually enlightened moment.”41.H)“This was the highest and most desirable f
36、orm of pleasure and happiness for the ancient Epicureans,”Soupios says.“This is something that is very much well worth considering here in the modern era.I do not think that we spend nearly enough time trying to concentrate on achieving a sort of calmness,a sort of contentment in a mental and spirit
37、ual way,which was identified by these people as the highest form of happiness and pleasure.”42.C)Soupios,along with his co-author Panos Mourdoukoutas,developed their 10 golden rules by turning to the men behind that philosophy Aristotle,Socrates,Epictetus and Pythagoras,among others.The first ruleex
38、amine your life is the common thread that runs through the entire book.Soupios says that it is based on Platos observation that the unexamined life is not worth living.“The Greeks are always concerned about boxing themselves in,in terms of convictions(信念),”he says.“So take a step back,switch off the
39、 automatic pilot and actually stop and reflect about things like our priorities,our values,and our relationships.”43.K)Instead,Soupios says,ancient wisdom urges us to do good.Golden Rule No.10 for a good life is that kindness toward others tends to be rewarded.44.B)The wisdom of the ancient Greek ph
40、ilosophers is timeless,says Soupios.The philosophy professor says it is as relevant today as when it was first written many centuries ago.“There is no expiration(失效)date on wisdom,”he says.“There is no shelf life on intelligence.I think that things have become very gloomy these days,lots of misunder
41、standing,misleading cues,a lot of what the ancients would have called sophistry(诡辩).The nice thing about ancient philosophy as offered by the Greeks is that they tended to see life clear and whole,in a way that we tend not to see life today.”45.J)“This is Hesiod,of course,a younger contemporary poet
42、,we believe,with Homer,”Soupios says.“Hesiod offers an idea which you very often find in some of the worlds great religions,in the Judeo-Christian tradition and in Islam and othersthat in some sense,when you hurt another human being,you hurt yourself.That damaging other people in your community and
43、in your life,trashing relationships,results in a kind of self-inflicted(自己招致的)spiritual wound.”Section C 46.D)It usually draws different reactions from different age groups.47.A)It does not seem to create a generational divide.48.B)It helps with their mobility.49.A)The location of their residence.50
44、.C)The wealthy.成功在于执着，祝大家考研成功！ 第 7 页51.C)Their daily routine followed the rhythm of the natural cycle.52.B)It brought family members closer to each other.53.D)Pace of life.54.B)It is varied,abundant and nutritious.55.A)They enjoyed cooking as well as eating.四级第三套Section A 26.M)provide 27.A)abandoned
45、 28.I)frequent 29.L)merely 30.C)biased 31.G)dependent 32.F)dampens 33.E)commitment 34.N)understandably 35.O)unrealistically Section B 36.FIn contrast,the recent surge in world grain prices is trend-driven,making it unlikely to reverse without a reversal in the trends themselves.On the demand side,th
46、ose trends include the ongoing addition of more than 70 million people a year,a growing number of people wanting to move up the food chain to consume highly grain-intensive meat products,and the massive diversion（转向）of U.S.grain to the production of bio-fuel.37.KIn response to those restrictions,gra
47、in-importing countries are trying to nail down long-term trade agreements that would lock up future grain supplies.Food-import anxiety is even leading to new efforts by food-importing countries to buy or lease farmland in other countries.In spite of such temporary measures,soaring food prices and sp
48、reading hunger in many other countries are beginning to break down the social order.38.CAs demand for food rises faster than supplies are growing,the resulting food-price inflation puts severe stress on the governments of many countries.Unable to buy grain or grow their own,hungry people take to the
49、 streets.Indeed,even before the steep climb in grain prices in 2008,the number of failing states was expanding.If the food situation continues to worsen,entire nations will break down at an ever increasing rate.In the 20th century the main threat to international security was superpower conflict;tod
50、ay it is failing states.39.L Since the current world food shortage is trend-driven,the environmental trends that cause it must be reversed.We must cut carbon emissions by 80%from their 2006 levels by 2020,成功在于执着，祝大家考研成功！ 第 8 页stabilize the worlds population at eight billion by 2040,completely remove