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1、小学数学五年级上册简便计算练习(答案卷)一、归类练习:3.29 0.73 2.27 3.290.732.27 7.52.5 7.5 2.5=3.29(0.732.27)=3.29(0.73 2.27)=(7.5 7.5)(2.5 2.5)=3.293 =3.293 =05=6.29 =0.29 =5(加法结合律)(减法的性质)(同级运算交换)7.325 3.293.325 7.325(5.325 1.7)7.325(5.325 1.7)=7.3253.3253.29 =7.325 5.3251.7 =7.3255.3251.7=43.29 =21.7 =21.7=0.71 =0.3 =3.7(
2、减法交换)(减法的性质)(前面减号,脱括号变符号)3.29 0.73 2.29 2.27 3.290.25 4 0.1258.8=(3.292.29)(0.73 2.27)=3.29(0.25 4)=0.12581.1=13 =3.291 =11.1=4 =3.29 =1.1(同级运算交换)(乘法结合律)(先拆数,乘法结合律)0.25 0.28 0.1253.2 2.5 35 10.2=0.2540.07 =(0.1258)(0.4 2.5)=35(100.2)=10.07 =11 =3510350.2=0.07 =1 =3507(先拆数,乘法结合律)(拆数,乘法结合律)=357 (拆数,乘法
3、分配律)0.25 40.25 4 3.59.9 3.5 993.5 =(0.250.25)(44)=3.5(100.1)=3.5(991)=116 =3.5103.5 0.1 =3.5100=16 =350.35 =350(同级运算交换)=34.65 (乘法分配律)(拆数,乘法分配律)3.5 1013.5 3.5 9.9 3.50.1 3.5 2.7350.73=3.5(1011)=3.5(9.9 0.1)=3.5 2.7 3.5 7.3=3.5100 =3.510 =3.5(2.7 7.3)=350 =35 =3.510(乘法分配律)(乘法分配律)=35(先利用积不变的规律转化,然后再用乘法
4、分配律)3.5 2.7 3.5 0.7 (32 5.6)0.8 3.5 0.60.5 0.6=3.5(2.7 0.7)=320.8 5.6 0.8=(3.5 0.5)0.6=3.52 =407 =30.6=7 =47 =5(乘法分配律)(后 2 题类似分配律,但只适用于(ab)c 和(ab)c,而 a(b c)和 a(bc)不能用。)4.9 1.4 70.25 4 70.125=4.9(70.2)=7(0.25 4)=78=4.970.2 =71 =56=0.70.2 =7 (乘除法转化规律,转化时=3.5 符号相反,转化前后的2 数(拆数,除法的性质)(除法的性质)相乘得 1。)7.35(7
5、.35 0.25)7.35(7.35 0.25)=7.357.35 0.25 =7.357.350.25=10.25 =10.25=4 =0.25 (除法的性质)(前面是除号,脱括号符号相反)二、混合练习:3.07 0.38 1.62 1.293.7 2.716.3 82.451.55=3.07(0.38 1.62)=(1.29 2.71)(3.7 6.3)=8(2.45 1.55)=3.072 =410 =84=1.07 =14 =4(减法的性质)(加法交换律和加法结合律)(减法的性质)3.25 1.79 0.59 1.75 23.40.8 13.4 7.2 0.32 403=(3.251.
6、75)(1.79 0.59)=(23.4 13.4)0.8 7.2=0.32(400+3)=51.2 =10(0.8 7.2)=0.324000.323=6.2 =108 =1280.96(同级运算交换)=2 =128.96(减法交换和减法的性质)(拆数,乘法分配律)3.2 0.364.8 1.64 1.233.40.236.6 0.2536=(3.2 4.8)(0.361.64)=(1.23 0.23)(3.4 6.6)=0.25 49=82 =110 =19=10 =11 =9(加法交换律和加法结合律)(同级运算交换)(拆数,乘法结合律)12.7(3.70.84)36.54 1.764.5
7、4 0.250.734=12.73.7 0.84 =36.544.54 1.76 =0.2540.73=90.84 =321.76 =10.73=8.14 =30.24 =0.73(减法的性质)(减法交换)(乘法交换律和乘法结合律)7.6 0.8 0.2 7.6 0.85199 0.258.5 4=7.6(0.8 0.2)=0.85(2001)=0.2548.5=7.61 =0.852000.85 1 =1 8.5=7.6 =170-0.85 =8.5(乘法分配律)=169.15 (乘法交换律和乘法分配律)(拆数,乘法分配律)1.28 8.6 0.72 8.6 12.5 0.960.8 10.
8、4 9.6 0.35=(1.280.72)8.6 =12.50.8 0.96 =10.4 3.36=28.6 =100.96 =7.04=17.2 =9.6 (无简算)(乘法分配律)(乘法交换律和乘法结合律)0.8(4.3 1.25)3.12 3.1299 28.610128.6=0.81.254.3 =3.12(199)=28.6(1011)=11.25 =3.12100 =28.6100=1.25 =312 =2860(乘法交换律和乘法结合律)(乘法分配律)(乘法分配律)(4.236.17)0.8 0.8615.70.86 14.7 2.4 102=10.40.8 =0.86(15.714
9、.7)=2.4(1002)=8.32 =0.861 =2.41002.4 2(无简算)=0.86 =2404.8(乘法分配律)=244.8(拆数,乘法分配律)147.32 2.68 2.64 8.67 7.3611.33 2.31 1.20.5=14(7.32 2.68)=(2.64 7.36)(8.67 11.33)=2.31(1.2 0.5)=1410 =1020 =2.310.6=4 =30 =1.386(减法的性质)(加法交换律和加法结合律)(乘法结合律)(2.5 0.25)0.4 9.161.5 0.5 9.16 3.6 3.6 0.5=2.50.4 0.250.4 =9.16(1.
10、5 0.5)=3.6(10.5)=10.1 =9.161 =3.60.5(可转化成 3.62)=0.9 =9.16 =1.8(乘法分配律)(乘法分配律)(乘法分配律)4.5 1.8 9300.6 5 63.42.5 0.4 4.25 2.5 9.9 0.17=4.5(90.2)=930(0.6 5)=63.4(2.5 0.4)=1.79.9 1.7 0.1=4.590.2=9303 =63.41 =1.7(9.90.1)=0.50.2 =310 =63.4 =1.710=2.5 (除法的性质)(除法的性质)=17(拆数,除法的性质)(前半部分死算,后半部分利用积不变的规律转化,最后用乘法分配律
11、。)3.9(1.3 5)(7.7 1.54)0.7 2.5 2.4 2.7 45=3.91.3 5 =7.70.7 1.54 0.7=2.540.6=2.7(95)=35 =112.2 =100.6 =2.795=0.6 =13.2 =6 =0.35(除法的性质)(相当于分配律)(拆数,乘法结合律)=0.06(拆数,除法的性质)0.35 1.25 20.8 32.4 0.9 0.1 32.4 150.25 15(0.150.4)=(0.35 2)(1.25 0.8)=32.4(0.9 0.1)=15(50.05)=15 0.150.4=0.71 =32.41 =15 50.05 =1000.4=0.7 =32.4 =30.05 =250(乘法交换律和乘法结合律)(乘法分配律)(拆数,除法的性质)=60(除法的性质)