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1、Learning GuideThe ABC of the InfinitiveBy Zhong Qun ( Chengdu Aerospace High School)Learning GoalsTry to figure out what different types of the infinitive are by reviewing parts of our textbooks, reading some more sentences and passages and doing some practice;1. Enable yourself to learn about the b
2、asic functions of the infinitive with the help of yourself and your classmates and your teacher and above all, use them correctly.Learning important and difficult pointsLearn about the basic functions of the infinitive;1. Try to use the infinitive correctly in context and passages.Learning methods :
3、 Brainstorming, Mutual &Self-learningLearning stepsBefore ClassI. Get ready for this class1. Please review the following parts of our textbooks.(1) The infinitive of purpose ( Module 2 , P14, Book 2 )(2) -ing form and the infinitive ( Module 4 , P35 , Book 2 )(3) Different types of infinitive ( Modu
4、le 4 , P34, Book 3)(4) But +infinitive ( Module 4 , P36, Book 3)Refer to some related grammar books and get ready for your group performance.II. Crazy EnglishLearning goals;1. If you learned about grammar in school, you were probably taught to think about correct and incorrect ways lo use a language
5、. (By VOA 12 May, 2023 Who Makes Grammar Rules?) While ClassTask I. Duty report -Usten carefully and pay attention to the infinitive in the speech, (about 3)Task II. What is the infinitive ? Do you know different types of the infinitive? (about 3)Enjoy 4 pictures-pay special attention to the titles1
6、. Infinitive -According to Oxford Advanced Learners English-Chinese Dictionary, the 9 th Editionto do to be done to be doing to have done to have been doneNegative forms : Put NOT before toTask III. Lets have a try! Group performance -talent show (about 13):The basic functions of the infinitive .Tas
7、k IV. Become better at using them by reflecting on what you have learned . (Try completing the following sentences or passages from our textbooks and figure out their functions ) (about 8)Ms Shen wants( help ) us( improve) our spelling and handwriting. (P 3 , Ml Bl)1. When she asks you(do) something
8、, you do it immediately! (P12 , M2 Bl)It is hard(think) of a world without metals. (P44 , M5 Bl)2. Berners-Lee made it possible for everyone(use) the Internet, not just universities and the army. (P52,M6B1)The next day, a doctor came( see) me. (P13 , M2 B2)Yang took off from Jiuquan in northwest Chi
9、na at 9 am yesterday, China became Ihe third nation ( send) a man into space. (P43 , M5 B2)most important goals are to:reduce poverty and hunger;make sure that all children have education up to the age of 11;fight AIDS and other diseases;improve the environment of poor people,. make sure they have s
10、afe drinking water;encourage developed countries( give) more help to other countries. (P12 , M2 B3)were told(leave) the island as ash and steam began to come out of the volcano. (P25, M3 B3) 9.(catch) in a sandstorm was a terrible experience,he said. There was nothing to(do). (P32, M4 B3)a sandstorm
11、 arrives in the city, weather experts advise people(not go) out. Huang Xiaomei, who lives in Beijing says, (cycle) in a sandstorm is frightening. The winds are very strong. Its difficult( breathe ) and the dust makes me ill. So if you want( go ) out, youd better wear a mask, .( prevent) it coming ne
12、arer, the government is planting trees. Already the government has planted more than 30 billion trees and plans( continue) planting for the next five year (P32 , M4 B3)Task V. Practice makes perfect, (about 10)l.Once his message was delivered, he allowed me 70 (stay) and watch.(2023 全国卷 III)the sent
13、ence.Some of us were confident and eager take part in the class activity; others were nervous and anxious.( 2023 全国卷 III)3. (2023 全国卷 I, Reading part ) . To figure out how much power these devices are using, Callie Babbitt and her colleagues at the Rochester Institute of Technology in New York track
14、ed the environmental costs for each product throughout its life-from when its minerals are mined to when we stop using the device.33. Why did Babbitts team conduct the research?A. To reduce the cost of minerals. B. To test the life cycle of a product.C. To update consumers on new technology.D. To fi
15、nd out electricity consumption of the devices.4.You dont have to run fast or fbr long 62 (see) the benefit.(2023 全国卷 I)5. .If you like, a squeeze of fresh lemon juice on the bananas will prevent them turning brown. (2023 全国卷 II Reading part)25. Why is fresh lemon juice used in freezing bananas?A. To
16、 make them smell better.B. To keep their colour.C. To speed up their ripening.D. To improve their nutrition.6.The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice 64 (improve) water quality.( 2023 全国卷 II)7.I loved to watch cartoons, but no matter how many times I asked to watching them, my
17、 parents would not to let me(本句两个错)(2023全国卷n )8.For weeks, Ive been thinking of bigger, deeper questions: How do wc make it a habit fbr them? And how do we train ourselves to help them live with, need, and use less? Yesterday, I sat with my son, Shepherd, determined to test my own theory on this. I
18、decided to play with him with only one toy for as long as it would keep his interest. .(2023 全国卷 III, Reading part)34. Why did the author play the ball with Shepherd?A. To try out an idea.B. To show a parents love.C. To train his attention.D. To help him start a hobby.9. How arc you doing? You asked
19、 me about how our school performs our PE classes in your last letter, so Pm writing(share) with you some details. (2023 全国卷 III 书面表达参考范文)Task VI. Summary (about 2)1. How to use the infimtive correctly in the passages?I have learned in this period and what / need to know more about the mfinitive are
20、as follows.So who makes the grammar rules? In America, the grammar patterns of rich white men are the basis of Standard American English. Nobody will go to jail for ignoring grammar rules. But they will have difficulty getting into the best schools and finding good jobs. (By VOA 12 May, 2023 Who Mak
21、es Grammar Rides?)The message 1 can get from it:After classHomework (about 1)1. Compulsory TasksReview the infinitive by trying to draw mind-maps about the basic functions of it. (2) Think the following over: A. The situations where we use the infinitive without to (bare infinitive) ; B. the structu
22、re: forof sb to do sth2. Optional tasks(1) Grammar fillingShe looks like any other schoolgirl, fresh-faced and full of life. Sarah Thomas is looking forward to the challenge of her new A-lcvcl course. But unlike school friends, 16-ycar-old Sarah is not spending half-term 61 (rest) Instead, she is ea
23、rning $6500 a day as 62 model in New York.Sarah 63 (tell) that she could be Britains new supermodel earning a million dollars in the next year. Her father Peter, 44, wants her to give up school to model full-time. But Sarah, 64 has taken part in shows along with top models wants 65 (prove) that she
24、has brains as well as beauty. She is determined to carry on with her 66 (educate).She has turned down several 67 (invitation) to star at shows in order to concentrate on hcr studies. After school she plans to take a year off to model full time before going to university to get a degree _68 engineeri
25、ng or architecture.Sarah says, “My dad thinks I should take the offer now. But at the moment, school 69 (coma) first.I dont want to get too absorbed in modeling. It is 70 (certain) fun but the lifestyle is a little unreal.I dont want to have nothing else to fall back on when I cant model my more.(20
26、23 年全国卷 III)(2) Error correctionMr. and Mrs. Zhang all work in our school. They live far from the school, and it takes them about a hour and a half to go to work every day. In their spare time, they are interesting in planting vegetables in their garden, that is on the rooftop of their house. They often get up earlier and water the vegetables together. They have also bought for some gardening tools. Beside, they often get some useful informations from the Internet. When summer came, they will invite their students pick the fresh vegetables! （2023 年全国卷 II）