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1、八年级第二学期牛津英语知识点梳理及配套练习Unit 4 A New New spa p er知识点梳理:词组soo nafter。不久之后出版一份报纸p u blish a news p ap e r1()1()11h o 1 d a mee ting举行会议write a r e p ort a bo u t s th. f or s b .aft e r sc h oo 1at t he ne x t meeti n gdec i de to d oe lect sb. t o be sth.。选某人做t h e chi e f edi t o r。主编vote fo r sb.take
2、cha r g e oL负责就某事写一篇报告给某人放学后在下一次会议上决定做某事投票给某人12ought (no t ) to = sh o uld ( n o t )。应当1313as k for sugg e sti o ns征求建议14c lass / s c h o o 1 newspaper，班/校报15the Read in g C lub读书俱乐部16t ake notes。做记录，做笔记17different se c t i on s o f then ewspaper。报纸的不同栏目18talk sth. over with sb. = d i s cuss s th. w
3、 i th sb.。与某人讨论某事19 make a 1 i s t of s th.列出的清单Tom t old me t hathe wou Id have a b irthday party.3.假如宾语从句表述的是客观真理、自然现象等时，不管主句是什么时态，从句都要用一 般现在时。如:The lea c her sa i d th a t 1 i g ht t r av e 1 s muc h faster than sound.五、从句的简化。1 .当主句谓语动词是find, see, wa t ch, hear等感官动词时，从句可简化为“宾 语+宾补”结构，宾补为不带2的不定式或v
4、-i ng形式。如：S h e found that the walle t lay o n the groun d .-She f oun d t he wal 1 et 1 i e o n t he ground.I heard that the bir d s were s ingi n g in th e t r ee.- I h e a rd the b i r d s s ingi ng i n the t re e .2 .当主语谓语动词是wish, decid e , p a n , agree, hope等，且主句和从句的主语相 同时,从句可简化为不定式结构。如:Sh e a
5、 g reed that she co u Id h elp me wi t h my M a th s .-She agreed to he 1 p m e w i th m y Ma t hs.3 .在连接副词/代词引导的宾语从句中，当从句的主语和主句的主语或和间接宾语一致 时，宾语从句可简化为“连接副词/代词+不定式”的结构。如：I havent d e cided when I w i 1 1 lea v e for Beijing. Iha vent decided when t o leave f o r Bei j i ng.C an yo u tel 1 m e h o w I
6、 can get t o the s t ation?-Can yo u tell m e how t o g et t o t h e s t a t io n ?4.在if或whet h er引导的宾语从句中，当主句和从句的主语相同时，从句有时也可简化为“whether +不定式”的结构。如:I a m not sure i f I wil 1 go wit h you. I am n ot s ure whet h er to g o with you.H e doe s nt know w h et h er he w i 1 1 stay her e o r not.II e d o
7、 es n kn o w w h ether t o s lay here or n o t.4 E xercis e s f or Ch a pter 4C hoose the b e st a nswe r (选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表达,填入空 格内。)1. E v ery t i me we met d i f ficu 1 ties, w e asked our te a c h ers ad v i ce.A. a b o ut oB. for C of D. with)2. The prob lem sho u Id b e ca r efu 1 1 y be f or
8、 e the y c on c luded t h e mee t in g .4. t alked over B. talk e d t o C. talk e d w i t h D. talk e d a bou t)3. The C h i nese peop 1 e expect th a 11 h e 20 2 3 EXPO s ucce s sful 1 y in S hanghai.A. w i 11 b e taken p 1 ac e B . will happen C willhold。D . will tak e place)4. The member s o f t
9、h e group me t o take char g e of n o t es.A . d e ci d e d, takingB. elected, tak i ng 0c. de c ide d , takeD. e 1 ec t e d, take)5. If you hav e tri e d y o ur best, you worr y a b ou t anyth i n g .4. cant B. n e e d nl lo 0c. neednt D. mu s tn, t)6. Who would like t o make m e a 1 i st the ac t
10、i vi t i e s you wil 1d o dur i ng you r summe r holid ay?oA. withB. ofC. fo rD. amo n g)7. Now tha t the n ew s pa p er is, why don, t we each h a ve one c o py?A.b r ie fB. chief Cpaid oD. free)8. W o uld y ou pl e ase t e 1 1 u s ?4. w h at you wil 1 make a n arr a n g eme n t tomorrowa aB. th a
11、t y o u w i 11 make an a rran g emen t to m o r r ow 3c. ho w you wi 1 1 make an a r r a ngeme n t t o m o rrow。D . h o w wi 1 1 you make a n arr a ng e me n t tom o r r o w) 9 . Tom graduated f r o m his u niv e rsity, he g o t a job as a re p ort e r.s A. Soon a f ter .Since C As D. Tho ugh)1 0. W
12、e a 1 1 a g re e what y o u sai d . L e t d o as yo u sai d .A. a tB. onC. w i th 4). ab o ut)11. Y ou will h a v e to t he land 1 ad y 100 do 1 lars the rent.o A. cost, o n o B . spend, in C. u se, f o r D. pay, for)12. Th e r e are twent y books on t h e sh e If. S ome are in Engl i sh,a re i n C
13、hinese.C. other D. a nA. o t h e rs B. t h e o t hersother)1 3. The t e a cher told us that w e o n a holid a y ne x t we e kends.o A. g o B. wen t0c. will g oD. woul d go)14. S he f e 11 il 1 ye s terda y . She is wors e t o d ay.A. ve r yB. li t tie C. ever ?D. a bit)15.1 do the work mysel f . N o
14、 one wan t s t o hel p me.A. ha v e to *B. can C mu s t n t 。D. nee d)1 6. My parents de c ided to m e t o D i sneyland in Hong K o ng.I am looki n g f o rwa r d t o with t h em s o on.0A. t ake, g oB. taki n g , goingC. ta k ing, g oD. t a ke, go i ng) 17. M y father often ne w sp a pers at breakfa
15、st when he o nc e 1i ved in London. A. s eesB. Io o ks C 1 o o ks a t D. reads)18 . A :does y o u r bro t her do a hair c ut?B： Fm no t c 1 ear, m a ybe o n ce a mont h .A. How soon B. How m u ch C. How of t e n D. How long( )19. W e c o nsi d e r e d t h e q u estion for a 1 o n g ti m e . The und
16、e rlined par t m e an s C. t h o u g ht o v erC. t h o u g ht o v erD. t houA. thoug h t B. sol v e dg ht of)20. Our m e eting concluded at 1 0 p. m. T h e und e r lined p a rl me a nsA. finishB . came t o an end C. endD.s tarledI I. Comp 1 e te t h e s enten ces with the given words box in th e i r
17、 p r oper forms(用括号中所给单词的适当形式完毕下列句子)1. They to 1 d me that they would c o nsider th e problem and let u s know t heir (dec i d e).2. . We c a n ma k e a ( s u g g est) by aski n g Why not d o somethi ngor by sayin g Lets do s om e thing.In Ch i na and some English-sp e aking c o unlr i es, we sh a k
18、e our h e a d s to sho w . (ag r e e )3. Pm the (nine) one from the le f t i n t h e pho t o.4. Its t i me f or u s t o finis hour. (di s c u ss )I n (br i e f 1 y) , he is an h o nest man. You ca n t rus t him.5. My holiday i s fu 1 1 of d ifferent kinds of . (ex p e r i ence)The old( e d it) of t
19、e n gives s u g ge s tions a b out h o w to run a newspaper.6. Chi n a Dail y has a larg e n u mber o f (read).1 0 . He finishe d a 1 1 the work b y ( h e) in a we e k.111. Re w ri t e the se n t e n ces as r e quir e d(按规定改写句子，每空格限填一词). Th e newspape r ought t o giv e a r e p ort o n it i n d e t a
20、 i 1 s.(改为否认句）The new spa per to giveare p ort o n i t ind e t ails.2. T h e room c a n hold 100 P eople.（划线提问） peo p Ie can the room h ol d ?3. The p u b 1 i s hi n g h o us e pu b li s hes childr e ns b o oks. （划线提问） t h e p ub 1 i s h house pu b li s h ?4. All Lucys frien d s vo t ed fo r h e r.（
21、划线提问） al 1 Lucys f r iends v o te ?5. Have you d ecided w h at events to t a k e par t in?（改为宾语从句）C ould y o u tell me d e c ide d what e v ents to ta k e p a rt in ?6. We have an impo r tant mee t i ng t o a t tend,?（改为 反意疑问句）The news h e t old me w a s exc i ting.（改为感慨句） news he told me!7. You m u
22、 stn5t throw paper here and t h ere.（改为同义句）You t o thr o w p a p er h ere and t here. paper here a n d th e r e .I V. C1 o z e Text:A） Choose the w o rd s o r exp r ess ions and co mplete t he passag e （选择最恰当 的单词或词语，完毕短文.)Most Am e rican s d onl like t o get adv ice from members o f their famil y .
23、w h en they need adv ice, t h ey d o nt u s ually as k people they know. 1 man y Am e r i cans write letters t o newspapers a n d m a gazines w h ich 2_ advic e o n many dif f erenl s u b j e c t s , in c ludi n g 3, the u se of lan g uag e, he a 1th, c o o ki n g, chi Id 4 . clo t he s , a nd 5 to
24、buy a hou s e or a car.Most newspa p e rs ge n erally p rint letter s from re a ders wi t h p r o b I e ms. A long w i th the 1 e t t e r s , t h er e are a n s wers 6 by peopl e who are thought to know how to solve suchpr o blems. some of t h e se w rite r s a re doctors； 7 are 1 a wye r s or e due
25、 a t ors. Bu t two of t he m o s t fam o us wr i ters of a d v i c e ar e worn e n with out s p e c i a 1 tr a i n in g f o r th i s k i nd of w o rk.()1. oA. I n stead B. But 0c.i n s t e ad ofD. Thou gh()2. oA. receiveB. take0c. g e tD. g iv e()3.A. si t u ation sB. we a t her0c. plansD. famil y p
26、rob 1 ems()4.A. attendB.c ar eC nurseD. n otice()5. A. howB. w h atC .w h ich?D. why)6 . o A. calle dB. n a medC. sent2. wr it t en（）7.A. o t he r B. ot h ers C another D.t h e oth e rRea d the p a ssa g e and f ill in the blanks with prop e r wo r ds（在短文 的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母已给。）The fir s t
27、 news p a p e r s we r e w b y h a nd and p u t up o nwa 1 1 s in pub 1 ic places. The e arliest d a i ly newsp a per was s t ailed i n Rom e i n 5 9 B C . In the 7 1 h centur y , t h e worlds f i rs t printe d new s p 叩 er was p. Eur ope didnthave a r e g u larly （有规律I也）pub 1 i sh e d news p aper u
28、 169 0 , w he n on w a s s tarted i n G erma n y.the f regu larly publish e d newsp a p e r i n th e E n g is h languag ewaspublishe din L ondon and was pu b 1 i shed o n c ea w. Thefirst dai 1 yEngli sh new s paper was t h e “Da i 1 yC u r r ent.It came out in M a rch 1702.To d ay, a s a group,Engl
29、is h1 a ng u a gene wspa p er have the largestc i r cula tion（发行量）i nthe w. Bu t the 1 a rgest c i r c u la t ion f o r an e wsp aperis the Japanes e ne w spaper 4 A sah i shimb u n I t s more t h a n 1 1 million c opi e s every day.V. Wr i tin gWrit e a passage o f a t 1 e a st 6 0 wor d s o n the
30、topic W e are proud of ”.Suggest ed quest / on s:1. . What do y ou know abou t th e p erso n you a r e p roud of?2. Why are y ou proud of h im or h e r?3. Wha t can w e lea r n from h im or her?We a re pro u d of Keys （参考答案）Cho o s e t h e best a nsw e r （选择最恰当的答案，用A、B、C或D表达，填 入空格内。）I . B 2. D 3 . D
31、 4. B 5. C 6. B 7. D 8. C 9 . A 10. BII .D 1 2.B 13.D 1 4.D 15. A 1 6. D 1 7. D 18. C 1 9 . C 20. BCom pie t e th e s e ntences with the g iven wo r ds box i n t heir pr o p e r forms （用括号中所给单词的适当形式完毕下列句子）1. decis i on 2之 s u gges t io n 3。. a g re e ment 4. ninth 5. discu s sion6. brie f 7. e xper
32、i enced 。8. editor9. r ea d e r s 1 0.h im s elf11 I.11 I.Rewr i t e the sen tences a srequired （按规定改写句子，每空格限填一词）1. o u g ht n ot 2。. How many1. o u g ht n ot 2。. How many3. W h at books d o e s 4。. Wh o di d ,for5 . if y ou have6 . if y ou have7 . d o nt we 7 . How ex c i t i n g8. are nD o ntt all
33、owed,throwIV. Cloze Tex t :A） C h o o se th e wo r ds or expre s sions and c o mpl e t e the passage （选择 最恰当的单词或词语,be fre e to s b.。对某人是免费的20 pay sb. mon e y for st h .为付给某人钱hav e different i d eas。意见各异21 a b it Ion g er(时间)久一点mak e a deci sion abou t s t h.。做决定22 agre e to d o。批准做某事agree with s b.。
34、批准某人23 agr e eon s th.。在上达成一致c o nclude the me e t i n g。结束会议24 i n o ne weeks t ime = i n a week。一个星期后II.词性转换1. cons i de r ( v .)考虑。(in) c o nsid e r a t e (a)(不)体谅人的p u blis h (艮)出版叩 ublis h ing (.)出版 p ublisher (.)出版者(社)2. edit (艮)编辑 edi t or (九)编辑c h o i ce (n.)入选者 c ho o se - ch o se - chos e
35、n ( k .)。选择3. vo t e(v.)投票。v o ter(/?.)投票人elect ( p.)选举。e 1 ec t o r (.)选举人electio n (.)选举4. suggest (艮)建议s u g g e sti o n (几)建议ex p erience (.)经验e xperi e n c e d(a)有经验的5. brief(a.)简短的。bri e fly (ad.)简短地d ecide (v.) 决定。de c is i o n ( n .)决定6. c onclu d e (y.)结束 conclus i on (.) 结论r e sp o nsibil
36、i ty (.)责r e sp o nsibil i ty (.)责7. respons i ble (a)有责任的完毕短文.)1. A 2.D3. D 4.B5. A 6.D7. BB) Read the p as sa ge and f i 11 in the bl a n ks wit h prop e r w o rds(在 短文的空格内填入适当的词，使其内容通顺，每空格限填一词，首字母己给)1. wri t t e n2. pub 1 is h e d 3 . unt i 1 4。. f i rst5 . w eek6. w o rid7 . s e I 1 sV. Writ ing
37、We are pro u d o f L i u X iangL i u X i a n g wa s bom in 198 3, i n Shang h a i . He i s the Olympi c c h amp i o n . He w o n a gol d med a 1 a t t h e 2 0 23 Summe r Olym pics i n th e 11 0 meters hurdl e s . He mad e u s Ch i n e se pro u d bccaus e h e was the first Chinese man to win an 01 y
38、mp i c gold med al i n athle t ic s . In f a ct, i n o r d er t o ma k e h i s d ream come tr u e , L i u spe n t many years o n ha r d t rainin g . S o w e sh o uld learn from him th a t n o pa i ns no gain.任(dis) a gree (v.)(不)批准(di s )agre e ment (n.)(不)批准read (v.)阅读。re a d er (n.)读者HL语言点S oon a
39、f i e r th e te r m s ta r ted, s o me Grade E i g h t stu d e n ts at May f ield S c hoo 1 wanted t o pu b 1 i sh a ne w s pa p er.soon after意为“不久之后，稍后”。即可作副词短语，用作时间状语；也可作 连接词，引导时间状语从句。1. They h eld a meeti n g.句中的hold作动词，意为“举行”。此处hold可用h a ve代替。2. We e 1 ected J o y ce t o be t h e chief ed i tor.
40、elec t此处意为“选举，推选”。electsb.to be .意为“选举某人担任(职务)”也可表达为：elect sb. a s .3. Tony sugg e sted th a t we s hould c h oo s e Jo y c e, because she h as e xpcri e n ce.句中experi e nee作不可数名词，意为“经验”。当作不可数名词时，意为“经历”。h a ve e xp e r ience 可意为 b e exper i e n cedThen J o yce t ook charg e o f th e m e et i ng.句中的c
41、harg e为名词，意为“任务，责任”。常见的搭配有:t a k e ch a rg e o f和in charge of 。此处 take c h a rg e o f 与 be in c harg e o f 与 b e res p onsible for 可替换。4. She s a id that we o ug h t t o e iect a secretary nex t .oug h t to是个助动词，意为“应当”，与sh ould批准。5. She as k cd f o r suggestions.a s k s b . fo r.意为“向某人寻求”s u g ges t
42、 i on意为“建议”，为可数名词；与advice的不同之处在于，a dvice为不可 数名词。6. Jo y c e told t hem to tai k i t o ver a mong thems e 1 ves.句中t a Ik sth. over ft ”具体讨论”的意思，也可用“d iscuss sth.”来表达。7. Should it be fre e to re a d e r s, or should the y p ay for it?f r e e意为“免费的，be free to s b.意为“对免费”pay for意为“付款”。比较spend, cos t , t
43、ake, pay(1) spend的主语通常是人,往往用于以下句型：(sb.) spend s om e money/ s o me t i me on st h .(sb. ) s p e nd some money / some tim e (in)doing sth.(2) take常用于“占用、花费”时间，其主语通常为形式主语it或物。句式是：It ta k e s /took sb.some t i me t o do sth = St h .t a kes s b . s ome t i me.(3) pay为“付款、补偿”之意,主语通常是人，往往是Asb. pays some m
44、oney fo r sth 或 pay s b. (some mo n ey f or sth) 例如:(4) cost的主语必须是某物。常用用法是sth. co st (sb. ) som e money oWe a 11 had di f fe r ent id e as, and so Joy c e s a i dt hat w e shoul d t h in kabout thi s a bi t longer.h a v e differen t ide a s 意为意见各异”。a bil意为“一点”。1 ) a bi t不能直接修饰名词，须用a bit ofo 2 ) a bi
45、t可修饰形 容词及形容词副词的比较级，作限度状语。1 1 . W e a gr e e d to conclude the meet i ng t hen.ag r ee to d o something意为“批准做某事”；agree with意为“批准，赞成”，后接表达人或意见观点的词；ag r ee on/u p o n / about意为“在某方面达成一致意见”。IV.语法情态动词一、重要特性。情态动词后的动词都用原形。构成疑问句，通常把情态动词放在主语前;构成否认 句，n oi放在情态动词之后，其缩写形式为cant mu s t n，t , nee d n，t, s hould n 等
46、。二、重要用法。1 .用 can, could 和 be a bl e to 表达能力。(1) can意为“可以”，否认形式为can n o t c ant如：He c a s pe a k five f o reig n 1 a ngu a g es.(2) could是ca n的过去式。因此，对于过去的时间(如yesterday, last week等)，我们不用c a n或ca n t 而用could和c o u 1 dnt。如： W h e n I was yo u ng, I could run v er y fast.beable to一般可以代替can,也可以表达能力。但c a
47、n只有一般现在时和一般过去 时(cou 1 d )，而be able to则有更多的时态形式。如:My I i t t 1 e broth e r has been a ble fo wri t e.2 .用 must 与 mus t nt, hav e to 与 d o nt have t o , needift 表达义务。(1) must用以表达“必须做某事”或“一定要做某事”，具有强制性，表达一定的责任或 义务。如:T h e windows are very dirty.I must clea n them.(2) mustnt是must的否认形式,表达“严禁；绝不允许”，具有强制性。如：You mustn t play fo o tball i n th e stree t .(3)musl没有过去时，要表达过去的含义，我们可使用had to代替mu si。此外,ha veto侧重这种“义务”或“责任”源于某种客观情况或规定，并非说话者本 人可以控制。如： We m i sse d the last bus, so we had to walk home.(4) dont ha