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1、2013年全国医学博士外语统一考试英语试卷讲解2021/5/222听力解题技巧听力解题技巧1.划出关键词并预判划出关键词并预判2.对比分析对比分析3.排除法排除法4.重点听回答句，答案就在回答句里面重点听回答句，答案就在回答句里面5.注意听同义词替换注意听同义词替换/同义词转述同义词转述6.带有绝对性词语的选项一定是错的带有绝对性词语的选项一定是错的7.数字题：数字题：thirteen/thirty;eighteen/eighty.2021/5/2232013年真题听力年真题听力2021/5/224Conversation 1 Conversation 1 M:Whats the matter
2、 with this little boy?W:He has a chesty cough all the time.His temperature is high.And he keeps telling me he wants to be sick.M:Does he bring anything upbring anything up?W:No,because he has been off his food for the past two days.He just brings upbrings up(呕吐)bilebile(胆汁).Q:Which of the following
3、is not the boys symptom?2021/5/225Conversation 2Conversation 2W:Good afternoon,doctor.I have a terrible headache.Yesterday I had a runny noserunny nose.Now my nose is stuffed upis stuffed up.M:Let me give you an examination.First,let me have a look at your throat.Ok,now let me examine your chest.Do
4、you have a history of tuberculosistuberculosis?W:No,I dont think so.M:Your throat is inflamed and your tongue your tongue is thickly coatedis thickly coated.You have all the symptoms of influenza.Q:What is the woman suffering from?2021/5/226Conversation 3Conversation 3W:What are you looking for?M:My
5、 laptop.I cant find it in my bag or anywhere.W:I cant remember you carrying it here.Think about it one more time.M:Thats right.I left it at home.Thats right.I left it at home.Q:Where is the mans laptop?2021/5/227Conversation 4Conversation 4M:How is your work going?W:I think I will be finished soon.M
6、:Well,I wont be finished for a while.Q:What can be inferred about the man?2021/5/228Conversation 5Conversation 5W:When are doctor Petermans office hours?M:Monday,Wednesday and Friday from 10 a.m.to noon.W:Thats not very convenient for me.I have pathology class thenI have pathology class then.Q:What
7、is the man?2021/5/229Conversation 6Conversation 6W:Hello,Eric,what can I do for you?M:I was wondering if you had the results.W:Oh,yes,the results.Weve got them.M:Great.W:Here we go.Urea(尿素)2.6,Sodium(钠)136,and Potassium(钾)3.9.M:3.5.W:No,thats 3.9.Q:What is the mans sodium level?2021/5/2210Conversati
8、on 7Conversation 7M:Hello,this is Don North from PediatricsPediatrics.Id like a word with Doctor Wilson if its possible.W:Im sorry,but he left for left for Michigan to attend a conferenceMichigan to attend a conference this morning.He was in fact looking for you just before he left.Q:What is true ab
9、out Doctor Wilson?2021/5/2211Conversation 8Conversation 8M:I spent my one-month salary buying a pair of skis.W:Are you crazy?Youve got a a ski feverski fever.Q:What can we say about the man?2021/5/2212Conversation 9Conversation 9W:Most people feel culture shock when traveling to a foreign culture.M:
10、Thats for sure.But they But they should do as Romans doshould do as Romans do.Q:According to the man,what are people supposed to do when traveling to a foreign culture?2021/5/2213Conversation 10Conversation 10W:Cindy just got divorced.M:So soon!She got married only last summer.W:Well,she found out t
11、hat her her husband was not the millionaire husband was not the millionaire she thought he was.Q:What does the woman imply about Cindy?2021/5/2214Conversation 11Conversation 11M:Kate was the only one brave brave enough enough to speak her mind at the meeting today.M:Yeah,a lot of people felt the sam
12、e way,but were too scared to say but were too scared to say anything.She just voiced the aspiration of them.Q:Which of the following words can best describe Kate?2021/5/2215Conversation 12Conversation 12W:Why didnt you come to work yesterday?M:I was feeling a little under the under the weatherweathe
13、r.W:Did you go to see the DOC?M:No,nothing serious.Q:Why didnt the man go to work yesterday?2021/5/2216Conversation 13Conversation 13M:Have you heard of the magazine The World of English?W:Of course.It is one of many English magazines that are now flying off book seller shelvesflying off book seller
14、 shelves.Q:What does the woman imply about the The World of English?2021/5/2217Conversation 14Conversation 14M:Hello Doctor Marks.Its Tim Tailor from at ANNE Edinburgh Central.W:Hello.M:Ive got a young woman,a 30-year-old woman referred up by her GP GP with a kind of perineal abscess for about 10-15
15、 days.W:Right.M:Shes been on antibioticsantibiotics and basically it needs to be incisedincised.Can you take her?W:Of course.Whats the patients name?Q:What is the woman?2021/5/2218Conversation 15Conversation 15W:What do you know about treatments of cancer?M:ChemotherapyChemotherapy.But that makes yo
16、ur hair fall out,doesnt it?W:Yes,there are some unpleasant side-side-effectseffects.Im not sure we need to consider that at this stage.We should see whether a series of injection will help.Q:What treatment will the man probably receive first?2021/5/2219短对话答案汇总短对话答案汇总B D C B DB D C B DD D D C CD D D
17、C CB B C B CB B C B C2021/5/2220DialogueDialogue话题：猪流感话题：猪流感 swine fluswine flurespiratory ailment 呼吸病susceptible 易受影响的mutate 变异mammal 哺乳动物fatigue 疲乏sore throat 喉咙痛show up 现身antiviral study 抗病毒研究答案：答案：B B B A BB B B A B2021/5/2221Passage 1Passage 1话题：噪音引起的失聪话题：噪音引起的失聪 noise-induced noise-induced hea
18、ring losshearing lossimpairing 引起损伤的cocktail鸡尾酒，混合nutrient营养元素magnesium镁metabolic activity 代谢活动trial 试验答案：答案：A B A C CA B A C C2021/5/2222Passage 2Passage 2话题：肥胖孕妇对胎儿的影响话题：肥胖孕妇对胎儿的影响Abnormality 异常Obese肥胖的Neural tube 神经管Spinal cord 脊柱Palate 上颚答案：答案：A D C A BA D C A B2021/5/222320132013年真题年真题Vocabular
19、yVocabulary答案答案Section ASection A D B C A B C A C D A D B C A B C A C D ASection BSection B C D B C A D A B A C C D B C A D A B A C2021/5/222420132013年真题年真题ClozeCloze答案答案话题：游戏对视力的促进作用话题：游戏对视力的促进作用A B B D CD C A D B2021/5/222520132013年真题年真题 Text 1Text 1主题句Those with a biological biological predisposi
20、tionpredisposition to violent behavior who are brought up in abusiveabusive homes are very likely to become lifelong criminals.答案：答案：B C D D BB C D D B2021/5/222620132013年真题年真题 Text 2Text 2主题句主题句Three developments featured in this issue collectively give grounds for give grounds for optimism that wo
21、uld have been scarcelyscarcely believable a year ago in the wake ofin the wake of another failed vaccine and continuing problems supplying drugs to all who need them.答案：答案：B A B B DB A B B D2021/5/222720132013年真题年真题 Text 3Text 3主题句主题句Not so.Answering them is the focus of a burgeoningburgeoning field
22、 that brings together archaeology and neuroscience.It aims to chart the development of human cognitivecognitive powers.答案：答案：B A C C BB A C C B2021/5/222820132013年真题年真题 Text 4Text 4主题句主题句A warmer world wont just be inconvenient.will actually be uninhabitableuninhabitable-too hot,dry or stormy to sus
23、tainsustain a human population.It could materializematerialize if the world warms by an average of just 4C,So what are we going to do about it?答案：答案：A D A D BA D A D B2021/5/222920132013年真题年真题 Text 5Text 5主题主题有关捐赠精子造成婴儿先天缺陷的案例。有关捐赠精子造成婴儿先天缺陷的案例。讨论受捐母亲是否能够起诉相关部门以获讨论受捐母亲是否能够起诉相关部门以获得补偿。得补偿。答案：答案：C A B
24、 D CC A B D C2021/5/223020132013年真题年真题 Text 6Text 6主题：主题：讨论美国的食品行业（讨论美国的食品行业（Ground Beef Ground Beef 碎牛碎牛肉）污染问题，揭示该行业的潜规则。肉）污染问题，揭示该行业的潜规则。答案：答案：C D A C CC D A C C2021/5/2231摘要写作摘要写作信息的分析、归纳、综合、提炼、概括与信息的分析、归纳、综合、提炼、概括与组织。组织。英文的书面表达能力。英文的书面表达能力。避免三种现象：避免三种现象：摘抄原文摘抄原文片面的理解片面的理解重要信息的遗漏重要信息的遗漏2021/5/223
25、2考场点睛考场点睛在开头、结尾段找出中心词，主旨句各段落里找出分论点串联后组织整体结构切忌照抄或逐字翻译切忌引用过细的例子、人名、数字或原话2021/5/2233近几年出题和阅卷规律近几年出题和阅卷规律段落结构清晰。段落结构清晰。小标题时有时无。小标题时有时无。有小标题有小标题 (2008,2012,2013)(2008,2012,2013)无小标题无小标题 (2009,2010,2011(2009,2010,2011）无明显的起始段和结论段。无明显的起始段和结论段。阅卷更重视语言表达（淡化内容）。阅卷更重视语言表达（淡化内容）。2021/5/2234近十年医博摘要写作汇总近十年医博摘要写作汇
26、总年份年份中文标题中文标题英文标题英文标题2004 入世后看病如何挑医院入世后看病如何挑医院How to choose a hospital after joining the WHO?2005 艾滋病是全世界的威胁艾滋病是全世界的威胁AIDS is the threat to the whole world2006 走路与健康走路与健康Walking and Health2007 手术与术前恐慌手术与术前恐慌Operation and Pre-operative Fear 2008 珍爱生命从护心开始珍爱生命从护心开始Better Heart,Better Life2009 水果是否可吃可不
27、吃水果是否可吃可不吃Are fruits indispensable or not?2010 新兴学科：药物心理学新兴学科：药物心理学A New Discipline:Medicine Psychology2011 吃出健康吃出健康Better Diet,Better Health2012 电脑、网络与健康电脑、网络与健康Computer,Internet and Health2013健康处方帮你走出健康处方帮你走出“第第三状态三状态”Health Prescription Gets You out of the Third Condition2021/5/2235健康处方帮你走出健康处方帮你
28、走出“第三状态第三状态”Health Prescription Gets Health Prescription Gets You out of the Third StateYou out of the Third StateHealth Tips Keep You Away Health Tips Keep You Away from the Third Statefrom the Third State2021/5/2236文章要点文章要点第一段：开场白，引出主题第一段：开场白，引出主题 (何为第三何为第三状态？状态？)第二第二/三段：展开讨论，具体的健康处三段：展开讨论，具体的健康处方
29、方 (膳食营养、维他命、心理放松、膳食营养、维他命、心理放松、亲近自然、高质量午睡亲近自然、高质量午睡)第四段：结尾段第四段：结尾段 (总结全文总结全文)2021/5/2237Key WordsKey Words激烈的竞争激烈的竞争 fierce competitionfierce competition情绪低落情绪低落 low spiritslow spirits灰色状态灰色状态 grey stategrey state均衡营养均衡营养 balanced nutritionbalanced nutrition合理膳食合理膳食 reasonable dietreasonable diet不可或
30、缺的营养物质不可或缺的营养物质 indispensable indispensable nutrientsnutrients精力充沛精力充沛 plenty of energyplenty of energy事业有成事业有成 successful careersuccessful career心理平衡心理平衡 psychological balancepsychological balance午后打盹午后打盹 (after-lunch)nap(after-lunch)nap2021/5/2238第一段第一段 引出主题引出主题There is no denying that There is no
31、 denying that todays fierce competition has made it inevitableinevitable for us to confront various challenges.As a As a resultresult,we can hardly work and live with full energy,and tend to experience tend to experience constant constant low spirits,fatigue,insomnia,headache and loss of concentrati
32、on.HoweverHowever,hospitals wont admit us as a patients.Medical science categorizes/classifies this neither-healthy-nor-ill condition as“grey state”or“third state”.For this common physical problem,medical experts have worked out some simple and useful health prescriptions/tips.2021/5/2239第二段第二段 展开论述
33、展开论述 First and foremost,balanced nutrition and diet is necessary for human body.Daily diet is supposed to include nutrients like sugar,protein,minerals and vitamins.Eating more or less than normal may also lead to“grey state”.Besides,vitamins can work wonder,especially for mental workers and office
34、staff.For example,fish and liver,which are rich in vitamin A,can protect our eyesight.Fresh vegetables and fruits,rich in vitamin C,are helpful to people with tremendous pressure.Whats more,we need to free our mind.A research by American scientists finds that mental health can provide people with mo
35、re energy and help them achieve career success.Therefore,to meet different challenges,people are expected to relax themselves physically and mentally everyday.2021/5/2240第三段第三段 进一步论述进一步论述 HowHow Based on the health prescriptions given above,we may observe the following health tips.Firstly,let nature
36、 help us.For example,the forest,which is rich in negative ions,can regulate the nervous system,help with digestion and boost physical and mental power.Secondly,we need to move more in the office.Doing exercise after one-hour office work can prevent some chronic diseases caused by“motionless sitting”
37、.Finally,take a nap after lunch.A 30-min high-quality nap by lying flat in bed or sofa is helpful in relaxing muscles and maintaining high work efficiency2021/5/2241第四段第四段 小结小结To conclude,only by sticking To conclude,only by sticking to to the above-mentioned health the above-mentioned health prescriptions and tips can prescriptions and tips can people meet challenges with people meet challenges with full energy and stay far away full energy and stay far away from“the third state”.from“the third state”.2021/5/2242谢谢观赏谢谢观赏