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1、精选资料俯斜式路肩挡土墙施工方案一、工程概况本次俯斜式路肩挡土墙设计型，挡土墙采用c20毛石砼毛石强度等级不低于MU30，毛石参量为挡土墙总体积的30%，挡土墙基础持力层为夯实填土，要求地基承载力特征值fak150Kpa。挡土墙后填料为级配良好碎石类土，内摩擦角=40；挡土墙基地摩擦系数u=0.30。A-B,C-D,D-E,K-L段做法详04J008页62之FJA8，挡墙扩展基础做法详见页62。E-F,F-G,G-H,J-K段做法详04J008页62之FJB8, 挡墙扩展基础做法详见页62。M-N段做法详04J008页62之FJ, 挡墙扩展基础做法详见页62。N-P段做法详04J008页62之
2、FJB4。N-Q,Q-R,X-Y,Z-a段做法详04J008页62之FJA4。R-S,T-U,V-W段做法详04J008页62之FJA3。挡土墙分段浇筑，每段长度不大于15M，两段间及转弯处设置伸缩缝，地形地质及墙身高度变化较大时，设置沉降缝，伸缩缝与沉降缝应统一安排，缝宽2-3cm；墙顶、内、外三边厚0.2m范围内用沥青、麻筋填塞，中间填塞粘土；在墙身适当高度设置10x10cm泄水孔，孔眼间距2-3m，上，下左右交错设置，最下排泄水孔应高出地面30cm，挡土墙最低一排泄水孔设置隔水层，以防水渗入地基；挡墙强度达到75%以上时，墙后填料方可分层填筑夯实，回填土压实系数c0.94。坐标点为挡土墙
3、肩外边线坐标，具体可根据现场情况做适当调整。挡土墙未尽事宜详见挡土墙重力式、横重式、悬臂式。本标段挡土墙分布如下表序号段数位置长度（m）墙高（m）断面形式备注1A-B,C-D,D-E,K-L2#楼和3#楼中间51.388.0俯斜式FJA82E-F,F-G,G-H,J-K2#楼公路边89.578.0俯斜式FJB83M-N小区中庭20.037.0俯斜式FJA74N-P4#楼公路旁25.244.0俯斜式FJB45N-Q,Q-R,X-Y,Z-a4#楼72.824.0俯斜式FJB46R-S,T-U,V-W4#楼58.823.0俯斜式FJA3二、主要工艺及施工方法1工艺标准挡墙混凝土强度等级采用C20毛石
4、砼（毛石强度等级不低于MU30，毛石参量为挡土墙总体积的30%）现场浇筑。其砼的强度要满足设计要求。挡墙的外观要求其非应力裂缝不得大于0.2mm，各部分的结构尺寸不得小于设计值，基础埋深不小于1m。挡墙采用多次浇筑，基础和墙身分开浇筑，且连接处混凝土应凿毛，并清洗干净。挡墙的墙身几何尺寸要符合设计要求。挡墙内的预留泄水孔横向间距2.0-3.0m，其位置允许的偏差为15mm。泄水孔出口宜高于地面30cm，并设3%向外倾斜坡度。挡墙的墙顶标高要满足设计要求，允许偏差为20mm。混凝土灌注完毕后，应按有关规定进行养护。墙背回填应该在挡墙砼的强度达到设计强度的75%才能够进行填土。挡墙混凝土浇注应均质
5、密实、平整，无蜂窝麻面，无缺损、强度符合设计要求。挡墙模板加固采用拉筋对拉螺杆，中横向间距不大于600mm联合钢管扣件双重保证措施，保证混凝土在浇注过程中不发生跑模。施工时挡墙墙高随路线纵坡变化，但基础应保持水平，同时保证外墙面在同一竖直面上。地基承载力满足设计要求fak150kpa。若达不到设计所要求的地基承载力，应通知监理及设计单位进行地基处理，待达到设计要求方可进行挡土墙施工。挡土墙的墙体达到设计强度的75%以上时，方可进行墙后填料施工。墙后必须回填均匀、摊铺平整，填料顶面横坡符合设计要求。墙后1.0m范围内，不得有大型机械行驶或作业，为防止碰坏墙体，应用小型压实机械碾压，分层厚度不得超
6、过20cm。2施工方法由项目部测量人员放线，确定挡土墙准确位置及标高，然后进行基槽开挖，开挖宽度根据基础宽度按照1：1放坡确定。并由项目部组织人员进行现场收方。基槽完成后，按基底纵轴线结合横断面放线复验，确认位置、标高无误并经监理确认后，方可进行基槽封闭。测量放线确定基础尺寸后，进行立模，挡墙基础的施工按跳槽施工，几个作业面可同时施工，为挡墙的墙身施工提供较多的作业面。基础施工完成后应立即回填，以小型压实机械进行分层夯实，并在表面预留3%的向外斜坡，防止积水渗入基底。浇筑基础砼，在基础砼施工完成后及时对墙身处的砼凿毛，保证浇筑挡墙的墙身时新浇砼与已浇砼的连接。待基础砼达到设计强度的80%后方可
7、进行墙身施工。基础底部清理完成经监理检查合格后，开始关模，并进行沉降缝、接缝及防水处理。施工中特别注意模板的垂直度、平整度及稳定性。施工挡墙墙身时其支架要一同搭建，而墙身的斜支撑不得与支架进行连接，避免在施工中因支架的移动引起模板不稳定。砼的浇筑主要采用泵车进行输送，砼搅拌运输车运送。在浇筑中采用插入式振捣棒进行振捣，不得过振及漏振。砼养护主要是保证砼表面的湿润，防止砼水化反应的各种影响。定期测定砼内部温度、环境温度，控制砼内外温差，防止砼表面产生裂缝。砼强度达到2.5MPa以上，且其表面及棱角不因拆模而受损时，可进行拆模施工，在拆模时不要损坏砼，正面模板主要采用整体移动，在移动过程中注意模板
8、的稳定性、安全性，保证施工安全。3模板加工模板的安装进行，先清理基底部及表面，检查合格后才能够继续安装模板，模板不应与脚手架相联，避免引起模板变形和浇注过程中模板的不稳定。安装侧模时应防止移位和凸出，基础侧模可在模板外设立支撑固定，墙身的侧模可设拉杆固定，对于小型结构可用金属线代替拉杆。模板安装完毕后，应对其平面位置、顶部标高、节点联结、纵横向稳定性进行检查。其允许偏差必须符合规范要求（允许偏差如下表）。在施工过程中发现模板有移位和变形应及时纠正。模板在安装过程中必须设置防倾覆设施。5支架搭设支架宜采用标准化、系列化、通用化的构件拼装，支架的接头尽量减少，相邻立柱的应尽量设在不同的水平面上。模
9、板支架的拆除应遵循先支后拆、后支先拆的原则严禁抛扔。模板支架拆除后，应维修整理、分类存放。6混凝土的浇筑。混凝土浇筑前，应对支架、模板进行检查验收并作好记录。混凝土自高处直接倾卸时，其自由高度不宜超过2米，以不发生离析为准。当倾落高度超过2米时时，应通过串筒或溜槽等设施下落，当倾落高度超过10米时，应设减速装置。串筒出料口下混凝土堆积高度不宜超过1米。混凝土按一定厚度、顺序、方向分层（50cm）浇筑。混凝土捣固使用插入式振动器时，移动间距不应超过振动器作用半径的1.5倍，与侧模保持50100mm的距离，插入下层混凝土50100mm。每一处振动完毕后，应边振动边徐徐提出，对每一振动部分必须振动到
10、该部分混凝土密实为止，密实的标志是混凝土停止下沉，不再冒出气泡、表面呈现平坦、泛浆。应避免振动棒碰撞模板、钢筋及其他预埋件。平板振动器移位间距应以振动器能覆盖已振动部分100mm为宜。砼浇筑的过程中不得随意向砼运输车中加水，来调整砼的坍落度及流动性。施工中应注意：在施工过程要认真如实的填写施工原始记录及检查证。7沉降缝施工沉降缝按设计布设于基础错台处、分段处及与结构相接处，本标段间沉降缝按纵断面设计分段长度预留，缝宽2cm。墙背一侧2cm嵌橡胶沥青防水密封膏，其余填L-600低发泡聚乙烯沫塑料8泄水孔施工泄水孔的施工要根据交底在适当的位置预留，采用20UPVC管，泄水孔的横坡为1.0%，在安装
11、时，UPVC管进行固定，对于面板方向的泄水孔，要使UPVC管与正面模板接触紧密，PVC管的端面要形成相应的斜面，保证在浇筑砼的过程中UPVC管周围不会漏浆，使面板光滑、平整。UPVC管管口利用胶布进行密封。泄水孔的位置根据附图从基础向上用尺量出中心位置，再加以安装。泄水孔的固定可采用钢筋加工厂的废钢筋焊成三角形将UPVC管固定。拆除模板当天，对应泄水孔的位置，对进出口进行妥善处理。三、施工质量控制1施工测量施工前，作好现场的测量放样工作，根据设计图纸用RTK大地测绘仪和水准仪测放出挡土墙的正确位置及高程。及时与监理公司对测量成功进行复核，施工员及劳务责任人进行测量技术交底。做到每个工序施工完毕
12、后进行一次控制测量。2施工工艺方法控制每个工序施工前由现场施工员进行自检后报请质检工程师及监理到现场进行检查，合格后进行下一工序施工。严格按制定的工程质量标准和操作工艺组织施工。重点是控制挡墙的砼质量、观感质量，施工中对砼的振捣要严加控制，保证砼的质量。墙后填1：4灰土应在墙身砼强度达到设计强度的75%时，方可进行。3施工质量现场监控对挡墙几何尺寸、保护层的厚度；模板表面平整度、垂直度，模板稳定性进行检查验收；砼的现场控制主要是砼的浇筑中的振捣，保证砼的密实，对有质量问题混凝土给予坚决退回，不能用于现场施工；基槽开挖过程中根据设计及施工规范要求采取放坡等措施；泄水管的安装位置。严格施工过程监控
13、，专也施工员、质检员现场跟踪监控施工质量，现场施工员必须严格按规定认真作好施工记录，并填写好施工日志。4施工质量检测 挡墙砼试件达到养护龄期后，砼的强度主要采用实验室的抗压强度进行检测；用肉眼观察砼结构的表面，以检查表面是否存在非应力裂缝；砼强度必须达到设计要求。四、安全保证措施1施工现场的布置符合防火、防爆、防洪、防雷电等安全规定的要求。2现场道路平整、坚实、保持畅通，危险地点悬挂按照安全色和安全标志规定的标牌，夜间行人经过的坑设红灯警示，施工现场设置大幅安全宣传标语。3施工现场的临时用电符合安全规定。配电箱能防火、防雨、箱内不得存入杂物并设门加锁，专人管理。检修电气设备时停电作业，电源箱或
14、开关握柄挂“有人操作，严禁合闸”的警示牌或设专人看管，带电作业时经有关部门批准。4施工前，了解周围环境和地下管线情况，熟悉穿越施工范围内的电力、电信通讯、给排水、煤气管埋设深度和架空高压电线走向及其架设高度，并采取防火措施，做到不明情况、不盲目施工。以免造成重大事故。5各种机械操作人员和车辆驾驶员，必须取得操作合格证，不准操作与证不相符的机械，不准将机械设备交给无本机操作证的人员操作，对机械操作人员建立档案，专人管理。6驾驶室或操作室保持整洁，严禁存放易燃、易爆物品。严禁酒后操作机械，严禁机械带病运转或超负荷运转。7机械设备在施工现场停放时，选择安全的停放地点，夜间有专人看管。8用手柄起动的机
15、械注意手柄倒转伤人。9严禁对运转中的机械设备进行维修、保养、调整等作业。10.机械设备停放时放置在安全地段。11行车危险地段，设置警告牌和车挡。12挖运设备的刹车制动部分灵活可靠，灯光、信号及灭火器配备齐全。13大风及大雨后，及时对脚手架进行认真检查，若发现有立杆沉陷、悬空、接头松动、架子歪斜等，立即采取加固、补救或其它处理措施。14进入施工现场，人人戴安全帽，严禁重叠施工。五、环保措施1施工现场划分责任区，派专人负责，明确责任区管理责任。2现场设置临时卫生设施，做好现场卫生管理工作，生活垃圾要堆放在制定地点，按规定及时清理。3合理布置施工场地。4选择低噪音设备，并尽量降低夜间噪音，严谨机械车
16、辆鸣笛，控制噪声污染。5施工区域运输道路每天应派专人打扫，洒水，防止车辆行驶时扬尘。6在道路交叉口设置宣传标牌，标明工程概况、责任单位及责任人，做到“五牌二图”，接受社会监督。7对全员职工进行文明施工重点教育，提高文明施工意识。重庆大学城曾家镇拆迁安置房一期B组团2012年6月8日可修改编辑（英文版 ） Two regulations promulgated for implementation is in the party in power for a long time and the rule of law conditions, the implementation of compr
17、ehensive strictly strategic plan, implementation in accordance with the rules and discipline to manage the party, strengthen inner-party supervision of major initiatives. The two regulations supporting each other, the adhere to a positive advocate, focusing on morality is of Party members and Party
18、leading cadres can see, enough to get a high standard; around the party discipline, disciplinary ruler requirements, listed as negative list, focusing on vertical gauge, draw the party organizations and Party members do not touch the bottom line . Here, the main from four square face two party rules
19、 of interpretation: the first part introduces two party Revised regulations the necessity and the revision process; the second part is the interpretation of the two fundamental principles of the revision of laws and regulations in the party; the third part introduces two party regulations modified t
20、he main changes and needs to grasp several key problems; the fourth part on how to grasp the implementation of the two regulations of the party. and revised the necessity and revised history of the CPC Central Committee the amendment to the Chinese Communist Party members and leading cadres honest p
21、olitics several guidelines and column 1 by 2015 to strengthen party laws and regulations focus. Two party regulations revision work lasted a Years, pooling the wisdom of the whole party, ideological consensus, draw historical experience, respect for the wisdom of our predecessors, which reflects the
22、 unity of inheritance and innovation; follow the correct direction, grasp the limited goals, adhere to the partys leadership, to solve the masses of the people reflect a focus on the problem. The new revision of the and , reflects the partys 18 and the eighth session of the third, the spirit of the
23、fourth plenary session, reflecting the experience of studying and implementing the General Secretary Xi Jinping series of important speech, reflects the partys eighteen years comprehensive strictly practice. (a) revised two regulations of the party need of in based on revised, the promulgation and i
24、mplementation of January 2010, to strengthen the construction of the contingent of leading cadres play an important role. But with the party to manage the party strictly administering the deepening, has not been able to fully meet the actual needs. Content is too complicated, eight prohibition, 52 a
25、re not allowed to hard to remember, and also difficult to put into practice; the second is concisely positive advocated by the lack of prohibited provisions excessive, no autonomy requirements; the third is banned terms and discipline law, both with the party discipline, disciplinary regulations rep
26、eat and Criminal law and other laws and regulations repeat; the fourth is to clean the theme is not prominent, not for the existing problems, and is narrow, only needle of county-level leading cadres above. is in 1997 based on revision, in December 2003 the promulgation and implementation, to streng
27、then the construction of the party play very important role. Along with the development of the situation, which many provisions have been unable to fully meet the comprehensive strictly administering the practice needs. One is Ji law, more than half of the provisions and criminal law and other count
28、ries laws and regulations Repetition; two is the political discipline regulations is not prominent, not specific, for violation of the party constitution, damage the authority of Party Constitution of misconduct lack necessary and serious responsibility to pursue; third is the main discipline for th
29、e leading cadres, does not cover all Party members. Based on the above situation, need to and the two is likely to be more relevant regulations first amendment. By revising, really put the authority of Party discipline, the seriousness in the party tree and call up the majority of Party members and
30、cadres of the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness. (II) two party regulations revision process the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China attaches great importance to two regulations revision . Xi Jinping, general books recorded in the Fifth Plenary Session of the ei
31、ghth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection, on the revised regulations made clear instructions. According to the central deployment, the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection from 2014 under six months begin study two regulations revision. The Standing Committee of the C
32、entral Commission for Discipline Inspection 4 review revised. Comrade Wang Qishan 14 times held a special meeting to study two regulations revision, amendment clarifies the direction, major issues of principle, path and target, respectively held a forum will listen to part of the province (area) sec
33、retary of the Party committee, Secretary of the Discipline Inspection Commission, part of the central ministries and state organs Department The first party committee is mainly responsible for people, views of experts and scholars and grassroots party organizations and Party members. Approved by the
34、 Central Committee of the Communist Party of China, on 7 September 2015, the general office of the Central Committee of the Party issued a notice to solicit the provinces (autonomous regions, municipalities) Party, the central ministries and commissions, state ministries and commissions of the Party
35、 (party), the General Political Department of the military, every 3 people organization of Party of two regulations revision opinion. Central Commission for Discipline Inspection of extensive solicitation of opinions, careful study, attracting, formed a revised sent reviewers. In October 8 and Octob
36、er 12, Central Committee Political Bureau Standing Committee and the Political Bureau of the Central Committee After consideration of the two regulations revised draft. On October 18, the Central Committee of the Communist Party of China formally issued two regulations. Can say, two laws amendment c
37、oncentrated the wisdom of the whole party, embodies the party. Second, and revision of the basic principles of two party regulations revision work and implement the partys eighteen, ten eight plenary, the spirit of the Fourth Plenary Session of the Eleventh Central Committee and General Secretary Xi
38、 Jinping important instructions on the revised and , highlighting the ruling party characteristics, serious discipline, the discipline quite in front of the law, based on the current, a long-term, advance as a whole, with Bu Xiuding independent and . Main principle is: first, adhere to the party con
39、stitution to follow. The constitution about discipline and self-discipline required specific, awaken the party constitution of party compasses party consciousness, maintaining the authority of the constitution. General Secretary Xi Jinping pointed out that no rules, no side round. Party constitution
40、 is the fundamental law, the party must follow the general rules. In early 2015 held the eighth session of the Central Commission for Discipline Inspection Fifth Plenary Session of the 16th Central Committee, Xi Jinping again pointed out that constitution is the party must follow the general rules,
41、but also the general rules. the revision of the and is Method in adhere to the regulations established for the purpose of combining rule of virtue is to adhere to the party constitution as a fundamental to follow, the constitution authority set up, wake up the party constitution and party rules the
42、sense of discipline, the party constitution about discipline and self-discipline specific requirements. 4 second is to adhere to in accordance with the regulations governing the party and the party. The Party of rule of virtue de, mainly refers to the partys ideals and beliefs, excellent traditional
43、 style. The revised the closely linked to the self-discipline, insisting on the positive initiative, for all members, highlight the vital few, emphasized self-discipline, focusing on the morality, and the majority of Party members and the ideological and moral standards. The revised Ji method separa
44、tely, Ji, Ji Yan to Method, as a negative list, emphasizing the heteronomy, focusing on vertical gauge. Is this one high and one low, a positive reaction, the strict party discipline and practice results transformation for the integration of the whole party to observe moral and discipline requiremen
45、ts, for the majority of Party members and cadres provides benchmarking and ruler. Third, insist on to. In view of the problems existing in the party at the present stage, the main problems of Party members and cadres in the aspect of self-discipline and abide by the discipline to make clearly define
46、d, especially the partys eighteen years strict political discipline and political rules, organization and discipline and to implement the central eight provisions of the spirit against the four winds and other requirements into Disciplinary provisions. Not one pace reachs the designated position, focusing on in line with reality, pragmatic and effective. After the revision of major changes, major changes in the and modified and needs to grasp several key problems (a) adhere to according to regulations governing the party and party with morals