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1、B6U2grammar人教版选修六第二单元语法Revision1.虚拟语气在虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法条件状语从句中的用法2.wish 引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句中的虚拟语气中的虚拟语气3.表示要求表示要求,命令命令,建议的虚拟语气建议的虚拟语气Grammar1.虚拟语气在虚拟语气在if条件状语从句中的用法条件状语从句中的用法条件从句条件从句从句谓语形式从句谓语形式主句主句谓语形式谓语形式与与现在现在事实事实相反相反与与过去过去事实事实相反相反与与将来将来事实事实相反相反动词过去式动词过去式(或或were)should/would/could/might+动词原形动词原形had+过去
2、分词过去分词should/would/could/might+have+过去分词过去分词should/would/could/might+动词原形动词原形1.should+动词原形动词原形2.动词过去式动词过去式3.wereto+动词原形动词原形If he were to come,what should/would we say to him?If I had worked hard,I would not have failed in exam.If I had one million dollars,I should/would_donate(捐)some of them to the
3、poor.2.wish引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从句中的虚拟语气中的虚拟语气与现在事实相反与现在事实相反与过去事实相反与过去事实相反与将来与将来事实相反事实相反过去时过去时(were)had+过去分词过去分词would/could/might+动动词原形词原形(1)I wish I _ a bird.(be)(2)He wished he _(tell)about it.had been toldwere 3.表示要求表示要求,命令命令,建议的虚拟语气建议的虚拟语气一个坚持一个坚持 _ 两个命令两个命令 _ 三个建议三个建议 _ 四个要求四个要求 _这些动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。这些
4、动词后面的宾语从句要使用虚拟语气用法。从句中的动词使用从句中的动词使用should+动词原形动词原形,或者将或者将should省略。省略。The doctor suggested that he(should)try(try)to lose his weight.He insisted that we(should)tell(tell)him the news.insist order,command advise,suggest,propose ask,demand,require,request虚拟语气虚拟语气(二二)theSubjunctiveMood在在suggestion,propo
5、sal,order,plan,idea,advice,decision等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中等名词后面的表语从句、同位语从句中,要使用虚拟语气。其谓语动词应用要使用虚拟语气。其谓语动词应用should动原动原另外连接从句的另外连接从句的that不能省略。不能省略。一、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气一、表语从句、同位语从句中的虚拟语气例如：例如：Mysuggestionisthatwe(should)gothereatonce.【即学即练】语法填空【即学即练】语法填空(1)Heputforwardtheproposalthatwe_(put)onaplayattheEnglishe
6、vening.(2)Myideaisthatwe_(get)morepeopletoattendtheconference.(3)Imadeasuggestionthatthemeeting_(hold)nextweek.(should)put(should)get(should)beheld二、二、Its necessary/strange/natural/important/pity/no wonder/impossible+that Clause 从句从句的动词要用虚拟语气的动词要用虚拟语气,即即(should)+动词原形。动词原形。例如：例如：Itisnecessarythatallm
7、istakesshouldbecorrected.【即学即练】【即学即练】(1)It is important that you _(master)the skills of computer.(2)It is a great pity that he _(think)like that.(3)It is natural that we _(have)a good command of our traditional culture.(should)master(should)have(should)think三、在三、在It is/was suggested/ordered/demanded
8、/proposed/etc.结构中要使用虚拟语气。如结构中要使用虚拟语气。如:如如:Its suggested that the plan be carried out.【即学即练即学即练】(1)Itisorderedthatallthetroops_(withdraw)threemilesaway.(2)Itisarrangedthathe_(leave)forCanadaonFriday.(3)Itissuggestedthatwe_(make)fulluseofeverychancetopracticeEnglish.(should)withdraw(should)leave(shoul
9、d)make(1)I would rather _.我宁愿他们明天来。我宁愿他们明天来。(2)The manager would rather that his secretary_next Monday.经理宁愿他的秘书代替他去开会。经理宁愿他的秘书代替他去开会。(3)I would rather you _.我宁愿你没有告诉过我那件事。我宁愿你没有告诉过我那件事。四、四、would rather 后的宾语从句后的宾语从句would rather(that)与现在事实相反与现在事实相反 过去时过去时与过去事实相反与过去事实相反 过去完成时过去完成时与将来事实相反与将来事实相反 过去时过去时t
10、hey came tomorrowwent to the meeting instead of him例如：例如：Iwouldratheryoucouldteachmeagain.hadnt told me about it以以as if,as though(似乎似乎,仿佛仿佛)引出的方式状语从句引出的方式状语从句,如果表示如果表示真实情况真实情况应该用直陈语气应该用直陈语气;如果表示如果表示非真实情况，非真实情况，则应该用虚拟语气则应该用虚拟语气,其谓语动词的虚拟式与其谓语动词的虚拟式与wish后面后面宾语从句中谓语动词的虚拟式相同。例如：宾语从句中谓语动词的虚拟式相同。例如：The lit
11、tle boy knows so many things as if he were a man.五、五、asif,asthough引导的从句引导的从句【即学即练】【即学即练】(1)Heactedasusualasthoughnothing_(happen).(2)Mr.LispeaksEnglishasifhe_(be)anAmerican.(3)Theboyactsasifhe_(be)anadult.hadhappenedwerewere(1)Iwakeup_thealarmclockrings.只有闹钟响了只有闹钟响了,我才会醒。我才会醒。(2)_thealarmclockhadrun
12、g.当时闹钟响了当时闹钟响了,就好了。就好了。(3)_hecomesearly.但愿他早点回来。但愿他早点回来。六、由六、由ifonly(要是要是,那该多好啊那该多好啊!)引导的惊叹句。引导的惊叹句。If only I had passed the test！If only it stopped raining！【比较比较】if only与与only if only if表示表示“只有只有”;if only则表示则表示“如果如果就好了就好了”。if only也可用于陈述语气。也可用于陈述语气。【即学即练】【即学即练】only ifIf onlyIf only 七、一些介词短语七、一些介词短语,
13、如如:but for(要不是要不是),without,otherwise(否则否则),in that case (如果是那样的话如果是那样的话),表示含蓄的条件表示含蓄的条件,这时主句要用虚拟语气。这时主句要用虚拟语气。Without your help,we would not have made such rapid progress.八、虚拟语气的其它用法八、虚拟语气的其它用法在英语中在英语中,一些表示建议、请求、劝告、愿望、一些表示建议、请求、劝告、愿望、祈祷、祝福或诅咒的句子祈祷、祝福或诅咒的句子,也需要使用虚拟也需要使用虚拟语气。如语气。如:Would you mind smoking here?May you be lucky!Wish you good luck!汇报结束谢谢大家!请各位批评指正