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1、TFT LCD 驅動原理與系統TFTLCD驅動原理與系統液晶及液晶顯示器簡介TFTLCD驅動原理影響TFTLCD畫面品質的因素TFTLCDDriverICLCD數位界面簡介背光板簡介未來趨勢與走向被動式/主動矩陣式液晶顯示器Passive/ActiveMatrixLCDYelectrodeXelectrodePixelTheColorPixelofTFTLCDColorFilterSubstrateTFTSubstrateWhiteLightColorLightRGBBGRClcClcClcArrangementofColorFilterR G B R G BR G B R G BR G B
2、R G BGRBGRBG RBRBG RBGRBGR G R GGBGBR G R GGBGBR G R GW B W BR G R GW B W BStripeTriangleGRBGRBG RBGRBGMosaicApertureRatioa-SiDrainelectrodeGateelectrodeInsulatorSourceelectroden+a-SiAdjacentgateelectrodeInsulator(dielectricsubstance)DisplayelectrodesTFTpixelEffectivearea:40.7%CapacitorTFTLCD驅動基本驅動波
3、形極性反轉(polarityinversion)-Frame,row,column,dot電容耦合驅動-二階,三階,四階TimingChartofTFTLCDSFrameTimeTimeGate123N1HTFTLLCDSDrivingMethod123451+2+3+4+5+1234512345123451+23+45+1234512+34+5123451+2+3+4+5+123451+2+3+4+5+123451+2+3+4+5+123451+2+3+4+5+FrameNColumnsFrameN+1ColumnsFrameNColumns FrameN+1ColumnsColumnInv
4、ersionDotInversionFrameNColumnsFrameN+1ColumnsFrameNColumns FrameN+1ColumnsFrameInversionRowInversionDirectDrivingofTFTLCDsDCBiasofCommon1Frame/1LineGaryScalVoltageV63V62.V1V0V0V1.V62V63VcomAcModulationAddressingofTFTLCDs1Frame/1LineCommonWaveformGraylevelVoltageV0V0V1V1V2V2V63V62V62V63DirectDriving
5、VsVcomModulationDirectDrivingFrame,Row,Column&pixelinversionavailableCancelcrosstalk&removeflicker：imagequalityImprovePowerdissipationVcomModulationAvailableFrame&RowinversionPoorPowerdissipation影響LCD畫面品質的因素HorizontalCrosstalkVerticalCrosstalkShadingCrosstalk液晶電容的效應液晶電容CLC會隨液晶作用電壓的改變而變化，因此在驅動液晶時會有殘存
6、的DC成份，其所造成的影響ImageSticking.PictureFlicker.液晶作用電壓大時，液晶分子趨向平行電場方向排列液晶作用電場小時，液晶分子趨向垂直電場方向排列Vp=VgdVgdCgdVghlCgd+Cs+CCgdVghlCgd+Cs+CHorizontalLineCrosstalkRGBCscCscCscColorFilterSubstrateBASignalofALineSignalofBLineCommonWaveformDifferenceofEffectiveVoltageinBLineBlackLevelGrayLevelGrayLevelHorizontalAre
7、aCrosstalkBASignalofALineSignalofBLineCommonWaveformV15m)Data-to-dataskewtolerance1clockcycleTMDSTMDS(TransitionMinimizedDifferentialSignaling)isaninterfacestandardbasedonPanelLinkTechnologydevelopedbySiliconImage,Inc.SwingControlEncoder/SerializedPLLGraphicControllerTerminationControlRecovery/Decor
8、der/DesirializerPLLLCDPanelDataDataDEDEControlsControlsClockClockTX1(Green)TX0(Blue)TX2(Red)Clock24524/365VCCVCCParallelData(CMOS)ParallelData(CMOS)TMDSI/FHostMonitorBlockDiagramofTNDSDVIDVI(digitalvisualinterface)PromotedbyDDWGIntel,IBM,HP,Compaq,NEC,Fujitsu,siliconimageDualchannelTMDSSupportVGAtoQ
9、XGAPixelclock：25mhz330mhzDVIDVI:Molex24+5pinconnectorpinassignmentpinSignalAssignmentpinSignalAssignmentpinSignalAssignment1TMDSData2-9TMDSData1-17TMDSData0-2TMDSData2+10TMDSData1+18TMDSData0+3TMDSData2/4Shield11TMDSData1/3Shield19TMDSData0/5Shield4TMDSData4-12TMDSData3-20TMDSData5-5TMDSData4+13TMDS
10、Data3+21TMDSData5+6DDCClock14+5Vpower22TMDSClockShield7DDCData15Ground(returnfor+5V,Hsync,andVsync)23TMDSClock+8AnalogVerticalSync16HotPlugDetect24TMDSClock-C1AnalogRedC2AnalogGreenC3AnalogBlueC4AnalogHorizontalHyncC5AnalogGround(analogR,G,&Breturn)Pin1Pin24Pin8Pin17C1C2C4GVIFGVIF(gigabitvideointerf
11、ace)PromotedbySONYAllowsusingsmallconnectorandlongcable(10m)OnlyonepairdifferentialsignalusedSupport24bit/pixel,XGAPixelclock：25mhz65mhz400mvvoltageswingDCbalancingUsing2pair,supporttoSXGAConclusionInterfacetransitsfromanalogtodigitalCostdominatetransitiontimeNotebookLVDSLCDmonitor,PCgraphicscardDVIEMCisstillabigissueHighresolutionisdigitalsworld!