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1、Model Test TwoPart IWriting(30 minutes)Directions:Supposeyou areaskedto give advice on whether students should take a year off before enteringcollege or go directly into college.Writean essay to stateyouropinion.Youshouldwriteat least150 wordsbutnomorethan200 words.Part IIListening Comprehension(30
2、minutes)SectionADirections:Inthissection,you will hearthreenews reports.At theendof eachnews report,you will heartwo orthreequestions.Both the news reportandthe questions will be spokenonly once.Afteryou heara question,youmustchoose thebestanswerfromthefourchoices markedA),B),C)andD).Thenmarkthecorr
3、espondingletteronAnswer Sheet 1withasingle linethroughthecentre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.1.A)Thewomanis aprofessor.B)Thewomanis theDeans assistant.C)Themanis a seniorstudent.D)Themanis in bigtrouble.2.A)Hisqualification forgraduation.B)Theold curriculumrequi
4、rements.C)Hiscreditsof optionalcourses.D)Thereasonforchangingthecurriculum.3.A)Ithasnothingto dowiththemans major.B)Itis worthwhileto takethecourse.C)Itis too difficultforthemanto pass.D)Itis a newcourseaddedto thecurriculum.4.A)Ask forprofessionaladvicefromhisseminar.B)Takeoneortwoseminarsbeforegra
5、duation.C)Turnto histeacherforfillinginstruction.D)Talkto someonefromtheDeans office.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5.A)Theweatherconditionof anairport.C)Theefficiencyof anairporttower.B)Theflow controlof anairport.D)Thenumberof planesatanairport.6.A)Hemightnotuse
6、 thefree-trip voucherduringthenext flight.B)Hemightnotgetthecashtheairlinepromisedto pay.C)Hemightnotgetonboardeven withconfirmedreservation.D)Hemightnotbe guaranteedaseatonthenext flightin advance.7.A)Becauseairlines computersystemssell ticketsrandomly.B)Becauseairlineclerkspromoteless popularfligh
7、ts.C)Becausepeopleareencouragedbytheirfellows.D)Becausepeopleareattractedbythelowerprice.8.A)Choosebig airports.B)Do nottakeluggage.C)Carryno morethantwobags.D)Takeonlycarry-on luggage.Section BDirections：In thissection,you will heartwo long conversations.At theendof eachconversation,you will hearfo
8、urquestions.Both the conversationandthe questions will be spokenonly once.Afteryou heara question,youmustchoose thebestanswerfrom thefour choices marked A),B),C),andD).Then mark thecorrespondingletteronAnswer Sheet 1witha single line throughthecentre.Questions 9 to 11 are based on the passage you ha
9、ve just heard.9.A)Itadvocatestillingthefieldsbefore planting.B)It is a long-heldfarmingpractice.C)It is economical.D)It requires less manpower.10.A)Theyperfectlygo withthelaw of nature.B)Theypromoteplanting thesamecropeveryyear.C)Theycanmake thesoil becomedamaged.D)Theycankeep thesoil fullof nutriti
10、on.11.A)It is notmeantto be harvested.B)It needslittlefertilizer.C)It cankeep themaincropwarm.D)It canbe harvestedin off-season.Questions 12 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.12.A)A secondortwoatmost.B)Twosecondsorthreeatmost.C)Four secondsatmost.D)Eight secondsatmost.13.A)Englishme
11、nbeganto feelunsettled whenasilence in talkstretchedto 8.2 seconds.B)Englishmenbeganto feelunsettled whena silence in talkstretchedto 4 seconds.C)Japanesepeople canbearthelongest silence in talkin theworld.D)Japanesepeople cannotbearlong silences in businessconferences.14.A)ColonialAmericanswasa pla
12、ce of differentpeoples in history.B)Americansareeagerto build mutualunderstanding quickly.C)ColonialAmericansneededto clear thedifferencesamongthem.D)Americans lackthepatienceto waitfor othersto ponder.15.A)With people youhavenotmetbefore.B)Withpeople havingthesameculture background.C)Withpeople hav
13、ingthesameinterest.D)Withpeople youarefamiliarwith.Section CDirections:In this section,you willhearthreerecordingsof lectures orfollowedby threeor four questions.Therecordingswillbe played only once.After you heara question,you mustchoose the best answerfrom the fourchoices marked A),B),C),D).Thenma
14、rk the correspondingletter onAnswer Sheet 1with a single linethroughthecentre.Questions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16.A)Theyarethesmallestsatellites.B)Theyaremadebycollegestudents.C)Theyarepoweredbywater.D)Theyarebacked byNASA.17.A)From a formerCornellUniversity professo
15、r.B)From a scienceprogram ontelevision.C)From a competitionheld by CornellUniversity.D)From a formerNASAs chief technologist.18.A)Using picturesof thesun,Earth andthemoonto comparetheirpositionsandsize.B)Usinga special GPS systemto fixthespacecraftspositionin thespace.C)Usingthemoon,sunandstarsto fi
16、xthespacecraftspositionin thespace.D)Usingremoteoperationsystemto directthespacecraft tomovein therightdirection.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19.A)Healthyeating.B)Diet-relateddiseases.C)Eating disorders.D)Food-heathrelationship.20.A)It is causingmoredeathsaroundt
17、heworldthantobacco.B)It is moreprominentin developingcountries.C)It includestwo kinds of disease:heartdiseaseandtype1 diabetes.D)It canbecurednowbysomespecificmedicine.21.A)They aretargetingatyoungpeople.C)Theycancuresomeskin problems.B)Theycanleadto eatingdisorders.D)Theyarepersuasiveto olderpeople
18、.22.A)Patientsshouldnotabandonusingdrugs.C)Moraleandheathareconnected.B)Patientsshouldeatlightfood.D)Food andhealthareconnected.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23.A)Some of themarelivingin thewildin Hawaii.B)Noneof themlive in thewild.C)Theyarethemostvaluablespecies
19、of crows.D)Theylive in deepholeson therock.24.A)Theyusetheirnailsastools.C)Theyarebornto usetools.B)Theyuse theirtonguesastools.D)Theyaretrainedto use tools.25.A)Theycanuse theirclawsastools.C)Their clawsarelike humanthumbs.B)Theyhavestraightbeaks.D)Their beaks areshortbuthard.Part Reading Comprehen
20、sion(40 minutes)SectionADirections:In thissection,thereis a passagewith tenblanks.Youarerequired to select one wordforeachblankfrom a list of choices given in a word bank following the passage.Read the passage throughcarefullybeforemaking your choices.Eachchoice in the bank is identifiedby a letter.
21、Please mark the correspondingletterforeach item onAnswer Sheet 2with a single line throughthe centre.Youmay not use any of the wordsin thebank morethanonce.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.A new study from researchersin Europeclaims that the average IQ in Western nations dropped
22、by astaggering14.1 pointsoverthepastcentury.“Wetested the_26_thatthe Victorianswere cleverer than modern populations using high-qualityinstruments,namelymeasuresof simplevisualreactiontimein a meta-analytic study,”theresearcherswrotein thestudy,which was published online in the journalIntelligence o
23、n Thursday.“Simplereaction time measurescorredlate_27_withmeasuresof generalintelligenceandareconsideredelementarymeasuresof _28_.”Theresultsmightsurprisesome.Especiallyif the researcherswere simply measuringvisual responsetimes.After all,in a digital world constantly_29_forour attention,it would se
24、em people generally respondmorequicklyto visualstimuli.However,theresultsappearto indicatesomethingdifferent.TheVictorian eraranroughlyfrom1837to 1901,_30_withthe reignof EnglandsQueenVictoria.Somehave creditedthe ReformAct of 1832 with sparking an eraof previously_31_peaceandprosperityin the U.K.Th
25、e resultsweremeasuredusingdatafrom1889to 2004 andwereanalyzed by MichaelA.Woodleyin Brussels.So why hastherebeensucha_32_drop?As UPI notes,previousresearchstudieshavefoundthatwomenofhigherintelligence tend to have fewer childrenon average,meaningthatpopulationgrowthmay be drivenbythosewitha lowerIQ.
26、Andovertime,theabundanceof less intelligent_33_wouldaffecttheoverallIQ average.Onaverage,the general intelligence of those populationsmeasured_34_by1.23points per decade.“Thesefindings stronglyindicatethatwith_35_togeneralintelligence the Victorianswere substantiallyclevererthanmodernWesternpopulati
27、ons,”thestudysays.A)aspectI)insignificantlyB)climbedJ)offspringC)cognitionK)respectD)coincidingL)sharpE)competingM)steadyF)completingN)substantiallyG)droppedO)unprecedentedH)hypothesisSection BDirections:In this section,you are going to reada passage with ten statementsattachedto it.Eachstatementcon
28、tainsinformation given in one of theparagraphs.Identify theparagraphfrom whichtheinformation is derived.Youmay choose a paragraphmore thanonce.Eachparagraphis marked with a letter.Answer the questions bymarkingthecorrespondingletteronAnswer Sheet 2.Atomic Powers Stations out at Sea May Be Better tha
29、n Inland OnesAAftertheevents of March11th2011,whenanearthquakeandtsunamiled to a meltdownof threenuclearreactorsattheFukushimaDai-ichi power plant in Japan,you might beforgivenfor concluding thatatomicpowerandseawaterdont mix.Manyengineers,though,do not agree.Theywould liketo see moreseawaterinvolve
30、d,notless.Infact,theyhave plans to site nuclearpower plants in theoceanratherfloatingon thesurface ormooredbeneath it.BAtfirst,thissoundsa madidea.Itis not.Land-basedpower stationsarebespoke(定制的)structures,builtbythe techniques of civilengineering,in which each is slightly differentand teamsof speci
31、alists come and goaccording to the phase of the project.Marinestations,bycontrast,could bemass-producedin factories using,ifnotthetechniques of theassembly line,thenatleastthoseof theshipyard,withcrewsconstantlyemployed.CThatwouldmake power stationsatsea cheaper thanthoseon landJacopoBuongiorno,a nu
32、clearengineeratthe MassachusettsInstituteof Technology,reckons that,when all is doneanddusted,electricityfrom a marinestationwould cost at least a thirdless thanthatfrom a terrestrialequivalent.It would also make them safer.Areactoranchoredon the seabedwould never lackemergency cooling,the problem t
33、hatcaused the Fukushimameltdown.Norwould to beprotected againstthe riskofterroristsflying an aircraft into it.It would betsunami-proof,too.Though tsunamis becomegreatand destructive waveswhen they arrive in shallow betsunami-proof,too.Though tsunamisbecomegreat anddestructive waveswhen they arrive i
34、n shallow water,inthe openocean they aremereripples.Indeed,were it deepenough(100metresor so),such a submarine reactorwouldnoteven be affectedby passingstorms.DAllthese reasons,observes JacquesChenais,an engineer at FrancesAtomic-Energycommission,CEA,make underwater nuclearpower stationsanideaworthi
35、nvestigating.Dr.Chenais is headof smallreactorsatCEA,andhashadexperiencewithone well-establishedtype of underwater reactorthat powers submarines.Heandhisteamarenow assisting Naval Group,a French militarycontractor,to design reactorsthatwill stay put insteadofmovingaroundon a boat.Theplan is to encas
36、e(把围住)a reactorandanelectricity-generatingsteamturbineina steelcylinderthelength of a footballpitch andwitha weight of around12,000tonnes.EThewhole system,dubbedFlexblue,would beanchoredto the seabed between fiveand15kmfrom thecoastfar enough for safety in case of an emergency,butnear enough to bese
37、rviced easily.Theelectricitygenerated(upto 250 megawatts,enough for 1mpeople)wouldbetransmittedashorebyan underseacable.Forrefuelingandmaintenanceunmanageablefrom a submarine,the cylinderwould befloated to the surface with airinjected into its ballast tanks.And,when a station came to the end of its
38、useful life,it could betowed to aspecialist facility to be dismantledsafely,ratherthanrequiringyet anotherlotof civil engineers to demolishit.FNaval Group has not,as yet,attracted any customers for its designs.But a slightly less ambitious approachto marine reactorsanchoring them on the surface rath
39、er than below itis about to come to fruition(实现)inRussia.The first such,Akademik Lomonosov,is under construction at the Baltic Shipyard,in St.Petersburg.According to Andrey Bukhovtsev of Rosatom,the agency that runs Russias civil nuclear program,it is 96%complete.It will be launched later this year,
40、towed to Murmansk,and thence transported to Pevek,a port inRussias Far East,where it will begin generating power in 2019.GAkademik Lomonosov consists of two 35MW reactors mounted on a barge.The reactors are modifiedversions of those used to power Taymyr-class icebreakers.As such,they are designed to
41、 be able to take quite abattering,so the storms of the Arctic Ocean should not trouble them.To add to their safety,the barge bearing themwill be moored,about 200 metrs from shore,behind a storm-and-tsunami-resistant breakwater.HAltogether,Akademik Lomonosov will cost$480m to build and installfar les
42、s than would have to bespent constructing an equivalent power station on land in such a remote and hostile environment.And,on thepresumption that the whole thing will work,plans for a second,similar plant are being laid.I Nor is Russia alone in planning floating reactors.China has similar ambitions.
43、Specifically,the Chinesegovernment intends,during the 2020s,to build up to 20 floating nuclear plants,with reactors as powerful as200MW,to supply artificial islands it is building as part of its plan to enforce the countrys claim to much of theSouth China Sea.JThe firms involved in this project inte
44、nd to tsunami-proof some of their reactors in the same way as theFrench,by stationing them in water too deep for massive tsunami waves to form.Because they are at the surface,though,that will not save them from stormsand locating them far from shore means the Russian approach ofbuilding sheltering b
45、reakwaters will not work either.That matters.Typhoons in the South China Sea can whip upwaves with an amplitude enceeding 20 metres.KTo withstand such storms,the barges will have anchors that are attached to swiveling“mooring turrets”under their bows.These will cause a barge to behave like a weather
46、 vane,always pointing into the wind.Since thatis the direction waves come from,it will remain bow-on to those waves,giving it the best chance of riding out anystorm that nature cares to throw at it.The bargesbows will also be built high,in order to cut through waves.Thisway,claims Mark Tipping of Ll
47、oyds Register,a British firm that is advising on the plants design,they will beable to survive a“10,000-year storm.”LThe South China Sea is also a busy area for shipping,so any floating power stations there will need to beable to withstand a direct hit by a heavy-laden cargo vessel travelling at a s
48、peed of,say,20knotswhether thatcollision be accidental or the result of hostile action.One way to do this,says Chen Haibo,a naval architectworking on the problem at Lloyds Registers Beijing office,is to fit the barges with crumple zones packed withmaterials such as corrugated steel and wood.MNot eve
49、ryone is delighted with the idea of marine nuclear power.Rashid Alimov,head of energy projectsat Greenpeace Russia,an environmental charity,argues that offshore plants could be boarded by pirates orterrorists,be struck by an iceberg or might evade safety rules that are hard to enforce at sea.On July
50、 21stGreenpeace scored a victory when Rosatom said that Akademik Lomonosovs nuclear fuel would be loaded in anunpopulated area away from St.Petersburg.NThat,though,is a pinprick(小范围).The future of marine nuclear power stations is more likely to dependon the future of nuclear power itself than on the