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1、外研版外研版 初三初三(上上)Module 11Unit 3 Language in useBeijing is a big city.Chongqing is the biggest city in China.But an increasing population is an environmental problem in many countries.Arnwick needs larger hospitals and more doctors,better public transport and fewer private cars.Look at the sentences i
2、n the box.Do you know articles?Are you very clear the usage of them?冠词冠词冠词是放在所说明的名词之前的词，冠词是放在所说明的名词之前的词，说说明名词所指的人或事物，是虚词。明名词所指的人或事物，是虚词。冠词分为定冠词和不定冠词两种，不定冠词分为定冠词和不定冠词两种，不定冠词是冠词是a和和 an，定冠词是，定冠词是the。1.不定冠词的用法：不定冠词仅用在单数不定冠词的用法：不定冠词仅用在单数可数名词前，表示可数名词前，表示“一一”的意义。的意义。1)a 和和 an 的区别：用的区别：用a 还是还是an，要以它们，要以它们后的
3、那个名词或形容词的读音的第一个音后的那个名词或形容词的读音的第一个音素为主，素为主，也就是元音开头用也就是元音开头用an，辅音开，辅音开头用头用a，而不是看是否是元音字母。，而不是看是否是元音字母。2)用在名词前，强调的是名词的类别，而用在名词前，强调的是名词的类别，而不强调数，不强调数，one是强调个数。是强调个数。A plane is a machine that can fly.3)表示表示“某一某一”A Mr Wang is waiting for you.一个姓王的先生在等你。一个姓王的先生在等你。4)表示某类人或事物当中的任何一个，表示某类人或事物当中的任何一个，相当于相当于one
4、。This is an apple.5)表示表示“每一个每一个”，用在表示时间，速，用在表示时间，速度度 价格的名词前。价格的名词前。We have three meals a day.6)表示表示“一个一个式的人式的人”He is a Lei Feng of our class.2.定冠词的用法定冠词的用法:表示人或某些特定的人表示人或某些特定的人或事物。可与名词的单，复数连用。或事物。可与名词的单，复数连用。1)表示特定的人或事物表示特定的人或事物2)指双方都知道的人或事物指双方都知道的人或事物3)指世界上独一无二的东西指世界上独一无二的东西the sun,the moon,the ear
5、th4)重复提起上文提到的事或人重复提起上文提到的事或人5)放在形容词最高级和序数词前放在形容词最高级和序数词前6)方位，乐器前加方位，乐器前加the 7)江，河，湖，山脉，杂志，报纸等名江，河，湖，山脉，杂志，报纸等名 称前称前8)在姓氏的复数形式前，表示全家人或在姓氏的复数形式前，表示全家人或 夫妇两人夫妇两人9)在某些专有名词前在某些专有名词前10)和某些形容词连用表示一类人或事物和某些形容词连用表示一类人或事物11)在固定词组中在固定词组中3.零冠词的用法零冠词的用法（复数可数名词前，表示人或物的类（复数可数名词前，表示人或物的类 别，或泛指不定量的人或物）别，或泛指不定量的人或物）H
6、orses are useful animals.There are pencils,pens and books on the desk.(球类运动、棋类游戏前球类运动、棋类游戏前)play football play chess(名词前有名词前有this,that,these,those 或形容或形容 词性物主代词前词性物主代词前)this book his bike (三餐前三餐前)have breakfast have lunch (与与by连用的交通工具名称前连用的交通工具名称前)by bus by train (建筑物、路名、街名、桥名、广场名、建筑物、路名、街名、桥名、广场名、公
7、园名、学校名公园名、学校名)Water Park(某些固定搭配的词组某些固定搭配的词组)in public in hospital go to bed be in bed A.Write a,an,or the where necessary.Exercises Mina lives in a big city.She is _eighteen-year-old girl.Shes got _brother and _ sister.Mina is _ oldestchild in _ family._ City where shelives is very big._ population
8、is morethan 10 million.Mina doesnt have _education.She has _ job working in _factory.She hopes that one day she willhave _ chance to go to _ school.anaathetheTheTheanaaa/B.Complete the conversation with a,an,the or no article.1.A:were going on/holiday/at/end of /school term Were going on the holiday
9、 at the end of the school term.2.B:are you going skiing in/mountains again?Are you going skiing in the mountains again?3.A:all/people who have been there say its one of/most beautiful places in/world All the people who have been there say its one of the most beautiful places in the world.4.A:no,were
10、 going to/Sicily No,were going to Sicily.5.B:is that/capital city of/Italy?Is that the capital city of Italy?6.A:no,its/island/off/west coast of/Italy No,its the island off the west coast of Italy.C.Write the words with a,an,no article(/)or in plural form.crime experience hospital job population rub
11、bish traffic1.The(1)_ of many countries is increasing quickly.Because of this,it is difficult to provide enough(2)_ which people need.populationjobshospitalscrimerubbish2.People who are ill need places in(1)_.Policemen are also needed to fight(2)_.The cities and countryside need to be clean and free
12、 from(3)_.3.And because of too many cars,trucks and buses,there are a great number of(1)_ problems.This is not right.Living in a city should be an(2)_ which people enjoy,no one which is bad for them.trafficexperienceTalk about the population of the city you live in now,10 years ago and 10 years from
13、 now.Free talkComplete the diagram showing population problems.air city countryside crimehospital increase illness water People move from _People arrive in _Problem:Population _Problems for the enviroment Examples:pollution of _ _ _Health problemsExamples:_countrysidecityincreasewater airmore illnes
14、sesProblem for policeExamples:_more crimesWork in pairs.Guess the population of each country and match the two lists.Australiathe BahamasChina United Stats of America1,300,000,000297,000,00020,137,000303,000Listen and choose the best summary.1.You dont have to own a car in order 2.to drive one.3.2.M
15、embers of a car club dont often 4.use public transport.5.3.Car clubs are still to be introduced to 6.the USA.Listen again and answer the questions.1.Which is the main advantage of using a car for transport?You may use a car to get around in cities.2.How can you save money by joining a car club?3.In
16、which way do members of car clubs improve their health,and the health of the planet?You neednt to pay the repair costs and vehicle taxes by joining a car club.By joining a car club,members use the car less.They take public transporting instead,or walk or cycle.This is healthierAround the world World
17、 population and water in the year 20501.58%people will have enough water2.24%people will have some water3.18%people will not have enough waterWater pollution 根据根据Around the world中中“Population and water”的内容判断下列句子正的内容判断下列句子正(T)误误(F)。()1.Overpopulation and water shortage are the main problems in many c
18、ountries.()2.Because of overpopulation,its more difficult for people to make food.()3.There used to be more available water than now.TFT()4.3%of people will have no water in the year 2050.()5.In fact,overpopulation and pollution are problems that cause the shortage of good clean water.FTHomeworkChoose a topic for your graphChoose a country,region or town whichinterests you.It could be the place whereyou live.Decide the years you want to look atfor example,now,10 years ago and 10 years from now.Research thepopulation of your place in those years.Write it down carefully.