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1、宾语从句宾语从句1.用法：用来做宾语的从句叫宾语从句用法：用来做宾语的从句叫宾语从句.She says that he is her son.主主 语语谓谓 语语 宾宾 语语2.宾语从句的顺序宾语从句的顺序:陈述句语序陈述句语序 主句主句+连接词连接词+从主从主+从谓从谓+其余成分其余成分 a.用用 that 做连接词做连接词-当从句是一个当从句是一个陈述句陈述句.Eg:She says.He is her son.-She says(that)he is her son.主主 句句连接词连接词 从从 句句b.用疑问词用疑问词(who,what,when,why,how,which one,w
2、hose book,how many)等等 做连接词做连接词-当从句是一个当从句是一个特殊疑问句特殊疑问句 Eg:The teacher asks.Where does he live?-The teachers asks where he lives.c.用用if/whether 做连接词做连接词-当从句是当从句是一般疑问句一般疑问句 Eg:Do you know?Was he born in China?-Do you know if he was born in China?d.只用只用whether做连接词做连接词-当从句是当从句是选择疑问句选择疑问句 Eg:Was he born i
3、n BJ or not?He asks -He asks whether he was born in BJ or not.3.主句与宾语从句的时态规则：主句与宾语从句的时态规则：a.主句是一般现在时，从句可用所需要的任何时态。主句是一般现在时，从句可用所需要的任何时态。b.主句是过去时，从句必须用过去时的某一种。主句是过去时，从句必须用过去时的某一种。c.从句如果表示客观真理、客观事实时，不管什么时候都从句如果表示客观真理、客观事实时，不管什么时候都 用一般现在时。用一般现在时。Eg：We all want to know if Guo Jingjing will take part in
4、the Asian games in 2010.I didnt know when he would come back the next day.The teacher told us that the earth goes around the sun.4、当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同时，从句、当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同时，从句 可以简化为可以简化为“疑问词疑问词+不定式不定式”结构。结构。Eg：I dont know what I should do next.=I dont know what to do next.Can you tell me how I can get
5、to the zoo?=Can you tell me how to get to the zoo?5、宾语从句的否定转移。如果主句谓语动词是、宾语从句的否定转移。如果主句谓语动词是think，believe，suppose等，而从句的意思是否定的，等，而从句的意思是否定的，这时主句的谓语动词用否定式，从句用肯定式。这时主句的谓语动词用否定式，从句用肯定式。Eg：I dont think you are right.(我认为你不对。我认为你不对。)I dont believe she can finish the work on time,can she?(我认为她不能按时完成工作，能吗我认为
6、她不能按时完成工作，能吗？)Exercises:1,The girl asks.Where does he live?2,Nobody knows.Will it rain tomorrow?3,Do you know?Does he have a son or not?4,Can you tell me?Whose book is it?-The girl asks where he lives.-Nobody knows if it will rain tomorrow.-Do you know whether he has a son or not?-Can you tell me wh
7、ose book it is?1.Can you hear _ just now?A.what did he say B.what he says C.what he said D.he said what 2.I followed the alien to see where _.A.was it going B.it was going C.it goes D.did it go 3.Did you know the sun _ bigger than the earth when you _ young?A.was,were B.is,were C.are,was D.was,are 4
8、.We _ think they _ beat us in the sports meet.Were sure to win.A./,wont B./,will C.dont,wont D.dont,will 5.I know _ he will tell you the story.A.if B.that C.as soon as D.until 6.Do you remember _ at that time?A.what they are doing B.they were doing what C.what were they doing D.what they were doing
9、C B B D B D 状语从句状语从句在复合句中，作状语成分的从句叫状语从句。在复合句中，作状语成分的从句叫状语从句。常见的状语从句可分为：时间、原因、条件、方式、让步、常见的状语从句可分为：时间、原因、条件、方式、让步、比较、结果、目的等从句比较、结果、目的等从句1、主将从现类、主将从现类 、用法：在时间和条件状语从句中，从句常用一般现在、用法：在时间和条件状语从句中，从句常用一般现在 时表将来。时表将来。、标志词：、标志词：as soon as,when,if,until,unless,as long as,before,after等等 如：如：You will fall behind
10、your classmates unless you work harder.Please call me as soon as you reach Beijing.You may borrow the book as long as you return it on time.1.If he _ time,he _ us tomorrow.2.A.has,will join B.will have,will join C,has,join 3.2.If it _ tomorrow,they ll go swimming.4.A.rains B.wont rain C.doesnt rain
11、D.will rain5.3.We _ the Great Wall if it _ fine next week.6.A.will visit,is B.will visit ,will be C.will visit,be7.4.My brother _ to England as soon as he _ his exam.8.A.will go,finish B.will go,finishes 9.C.goes,will finish D.goes,finishes10.5.I _ home before your parents _back.11.A.will go,come B.go,will come C.go,come12.6.My father _back until he finishes his work next month 13.A.will go B.wont go C.goes D.go14.7.When I _ the book,I _ it for you.15.A.see,buy B.will see,buy C.see,will buy A C A B A B C