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1、2023年福建公共英语考试考前冲刺卷（2）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.The American party system is a two-party system which is unlikely to become anything else. It is not just that the two-party polarization has the weight of tradition behind it but also that the two-party
2、 polarization is built into our constitutional and legal system. Our entire electoral arrangements, the absence of proportional representation, the exorbitant cost of political campaigns, the legal difficulties in getting on and staying on the ballot in many states-all these things work against the
3、rise of minor parties. Also the single member legislative district, the division of power between the nation and the states, the method of electing a president with the winner itself, work to keep power in the hands of the two major parties. Major parties (like the Federalists and the Whigs) have br
4、oken up and been replaced as new parties have emerged in the past. But no minor party has ever gradually risen to achieve the stature of a major party, and no third party has lasted very long in any prominent capacity. All this is not to say that third parties do not have a function in the American
5、system. However, their function is largely that of pressure groups, and in this respect they are a curious combination of European special-interest parties and American interest groups. They have at various times been useful in bringing to the fore the interests of neglected groups in the public at
6、large. The Populist party of 1890s as was a notable case in point. What happens characteristically, however, is that as soon as third parties begin to make their mark, one or both of the major parties appropriates enough of their principles or program to absorb the discontent on which they were flou
7、rishing. For this reason it has been said that third parties are like bees: once they have stung they must die.According to the author, under the two-party system, the two parties will _ .Ahold opposing stands in each and every issueBcooperate with each other to hold the power in their handsCinsult
8、each other in politics and in lifeDrespect each other on an equal basis 2.Questions 23-25 are based on the following monologue:Was the woman pleased when she saw the items they had deliveredAYes, of course.BPossibly not.CNot mentioned.DDefinitely not. 3.Questions 15-18 are based on the following dia
9、logue:Approximately how many human commands have some dolphins learnedAFive.BFifteen.CFifty.DFive hundred. 4.From her wheelchair, a child raises rounded arms above her head to form a blossoming flower. Nearby, a blind boy gently waves a flowing scarf as his body sways back and forth. Welcome to Infi
10、nite Dreams, a southern California program that each year helps more than 1,000 children with disabilities learn ballet, jazz, and other forms of movement. For founder Zina Bethune, a professional dancer and actress who works with a team of six instructors, this is a deeply felt mission. Ive walked
11、a very fine line between the abled and disabled worlds all my life, says Bethune, a former soloist with the New York City Ballet who starred on Broadway in Tommy Tunes production of Grand Hotel. Born and raised in New York City, Bethune, 47, started formal ballet training at age 6 with legendary cho
12、reographer George Balanchine. But during adolescence, a host of medical problems mined her chances of becoming a prima ballerina. But she ignored them and her pain and continued to dance. Faced with all sorts of difficulties, she never gave up. By the time she was 34, Bethune had went gone two hip r
13、eplacements. Bethune, who has been married for 18 years to a former dancer, started Infinite Dreams in southern California in 1983. Dance is spiritual, she says. And these childrens spirits are not disabled. Funded through grants and private donations, the group offers hour-long weekly sessions in s
14、chools and performs at arts festivals throughout the year. Participation, not perfection, is emphasized, notes Bethune, who is currently trying to make her program available nationally. Adjustments to the dance steps are made as needed. Russell Bartel, 14, a star student with spina bifida and little
15、 feeling in his lower legs, pirouettes not by turning on his toes but by spinning on his back. What we try to make clear, Bethune says, is that their individual version of any step is valid. Thats their dance. From that understanding often springs a newfound sense of confidence. I can do a lot more
16、than I ever thought I could. Bartel says. It makes me feel great.Which is NOT true about the Infinite DreamsAIt is open on weekdays every day, and all through the year.BIt got the financial support from individuals and grants.CIt was started by Bethune, who has been married for 18.DIt offers hour-lo
17、ng sessions on a weekly basis. 5.Questions 23-25 are based on the following monologue:What happened in the endAHer complaint was ignored.BThe store sent her the correct order.CThe store apologized for their mistake.DThe store picked up the wrong items. 6.What does the man meanAThe pool will be open
18、all week.BThe weather will cool down soon.CThe woman should go swimming.DHe prefers to stay inside in hot weather. 7.Questions 15-18 are based on the following dialogue:What does the man say about dolphin intelligenceAIt is limited.BIt is greater than human intelligence.CIt is less than previously t
19、hought.DThey are beginning to learn how much they have. 8.Where is Dr. Brown nowAIn his office.BAt home.CNot sure.DIn New York. 9.Questions 19-22 are based on the following dialogue:How many solar heat panels do three or four-bedroom homes usually needAThree or four.BFive or six.CSeven or eight.DTwe
20、lve or more. 10.The American party system is a two-party system which is unlikely to become anything else. It is not just that the two-party polarization has the weight of tradition behind it but also that the two-party polarization is built into our constitutional and legal system. Our entire elect
21、oral arrangements, the absence of proportional representation, the exorbitant cost of political campaigns, the legal difficulties in getting on and staying on the ballot in many states-all these things work against the rise of minor parties. Also the single member legislative district, the division
22、of power between the nation and the states, the method of electing a president with the winner itself, work to keep power in the hands of the two major parties. Major parties (like the Federalists and the Whigs) have broken up and been replaced as new parties have emerged in the past. But no minor p
23、arty has ever gradually risen to achieve the stature of a major party, and no third party has lasted very long in any prominent capacity. All this is not to say that third parties do not have a function in the American system. However, their function is largely that of pressure groups, and in this r
24、espect they are a curious combination of European special-interest parties and American interest groups. They have at various times been useful in bringing to the fore the interests of neglected groups in the public at large. The Populist party of 1890s as was a notable case in point. What happens c
25、haracteristically, however, is that as soon as third parties begin to make their mark, one or both of the major parties appropriates enough of their principles or program to absorb the discontent on which they were flourishing. For this reason it has been said that third parties are like bees: once
26、they have stung they must die.In this passage, the example of Populists is used to illustrate _ .Athe function of two-party system in United StatesBthe function of third party to bring to prominence the interest of neglected groupCthe disadvantage of the third party in the United StatesDthe rise of
27、the third party in the United States 11.It is well known that teenage boys tend to do better at math than girls, that male high school students are more likely (26) their female counterparts to tackle advanced math courses like calculus, that (27) all the great mathematicians have been men. Are wome
28、n born with (28) mathematical ability Or does societys sexism (29) their progress In 1980, two Johns Hopkins University researchers tried to (30) the eternal nature/nurture debate. Julian Stanley and Camilla Benbow have (31) 10,000 talented seventh and eighth (32) between 1972 and 1979. Using the Sc
29、holastic Aptitude Test, (33) math questions are meant to measure ability rather than knowledge, they discovered (34) sex differences. (35) the verbal abilities of the males and females (36) differed, twice as (37) boys as girls scored over 500 (on a scale of 200 to 800) on mathematical ability; at t
30、he 700 level, the ratio was 14 (38) l. The conclusion: males have (39) superior mathematical reasoning ability. Benbow and Stanleys findings, (40) were published in Science, (41) some men and women. Now there is comfort for those people in a new study from the University of Chicago that suggests mat
31、h is not, after all, a natural male (42) Prof. Zalman Usiskin studied 1,366 high school students. They were selected from geometry classes and tested (43) their ability to solve geometry proofs, a subject requiring (44) abstract reasoning and spatial ability. The conclusion (45) by Usiskin: there ar
32、e no sex differences in math ability.AmoreBlessCfewerDsmaller 12.Questions 11-14 are based on the following dialogue:How many total courses must a student take for a literature majorAThree.BFive.CEight.DTen. 13.Questions 19-22 are based on the following dialogue:What attitude has the speaker shown t
33、oward the American solar energy industryARomantic.BCautious.COptimistic.DImpressive. 14.What problem does the woman think the man may haveAHe may not have enough time to cook.BHe may spend more money on food next semester.CHe may gain weight if he does his own cooking.DHe may not enjoy cooking. 15.T
34、he American party system is a two-party system which is unlikely to become anything else. It is not just that the two-party polarization has the weight of tradition behind it but also that the two-party polarization is built into our constitutional and legal system. Our entire electoral arrangements
35、, the absence of proportional representation, the exorbitant cost of political campaigns, the legal difficulties in getting on and staying on the ballot in many states-all these things work against the rise of minor parties. Also the single member legislative district, the division of power between
36、the nation and the states, the method of electing a president with the winner itself, work to keep power in the hands of the two major parties. Major parties (like the Federalists and the Whigs) have broken up and been replaced as new parties have emerged in the past. But no minor party has ever gra
37、dually risen to achieve the stature of a major party, and no third party has lasted very long in any prominent capacity. All this is not to say that third parties do not have a function in the American system. However, their function is largely that of pressure groups, and in this respect they are a
38、 curious combination of European special-interest parties and American interest groups. They have at various times been useful in bringing to the fore the interests of neglected groups in the public at large. The Populist party of 1890s as was a notable case in point. What happens characteristically
39、, however, is that as soon as third parties begin to make their mark, one or both of the major parties appropriates enough of their principles or program to absorb the discontent on which they were flourishing. For this reason it has been said that third parties are like bees: once they have stung t
40、hey must die.When a third party begins to catch peoples attention, the major parties will _ .Ainterfere with the third partys gistBelbow it out of the political stageCeradicate it by assimilating its different doctrinesDshare some interests to the third party 16.Questions 11-14 are based on the foll
41、owing dialogue:The man will probably take his elective courses in which areaAAmerican literature.BWorld literature.CLiterary analysis.DSurveying. 17.From her wheelchair, a child raises rounded arms above her head to form a blossoming flower. Nearby, a blind boy gently waves a flowing scarf as his bo
42、dy sways back and forth. Welcome to Infinite Dreams, a southern California program that each year helps more than 1,000 children with disabilities learn ballet, jazz, and other forms of movement. For founder Zina Bethune, a professional dancer and actress who works with a team of six instructors, th
43、is is a deeply felt mission. Ive walked a very fine line between the abled and disabled worlds all my life, says Bethune, a former soloist with the New York City Ballet who starred on Broadway in Tommy Tunes production of Grand Hotel. Born and raised in New York City, Bethune, 47, started formal bal
44、let training at age 6 with legendary choreographer George Balanchine. But during adolescence, a host of medical problems mined her chances of becoming a prima ballerina. But she ignored them and her pain and continued to dance. Faced with all sorts of difficulties, she never gave up. By the time she
45、 was 34, Bethune had went gone two hip replacements. Bethune, who has been married for 18 years to a former dancer, started Infinite Dreams in southern California in 1983. Dance is spiritual, she says. And these childrens spirits are not disabled. Funded through grants and private donations, the gro
46、up offers hour-long weekly sessions in schools and performs at arts festivals throughout the year. Participation, not perfection, is emphasized, notes Bethune, who is currently trying to make her program available nationally. Adjustments to the dance steps are made as needed. Russell Bartel, 14, a s
47、tar student with spina bifida and little feeling in his lower legs, pirouettes not by turning on his toes but by spinning on his back. What we try to make clear, Bethune says, is that their individual version of any step is valid. Thats their dance. From that understanding often springs a newfound sense of confidence. I can do a lot more than I ever thought I could. Bartel says. It makes me feel great.What is emphasized by Bethune in Infinite DreamsAParticipation.BFeeling.CPerfection.DIndividualism. 18.Which season was it when the co