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1、2023年贵州美国护士资格认证(CGFNS)考试模拟卷（4）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.The nurse is teaching a group of women to perform breast self-examination. The nurse should explain that the purpose of performing the examination is to discoverA. cancerous lumps.B. areas of th
2、ickness or fullness.C. changes from previous self-examinations.D. fibrocystic masses. 2.A nurse needs assistance transferring an elderly, confused client to bed. The nurse leaves the client to find someone to assist her with the transfer. While the nurse is gone, the client falls and hurts herself.
3、The nurse is at fault because she hasntA. properly educated this client about safety measures.B. restrained the client.C. documented that she left the client.D. arranged for continual care of the client. 3.The nurse is caring for a 45-year-old male client admitted with a retinal detachment in his le
4、ft eye. What symptoms would the nurse expect to find during assessmentA. Flashing lights in the visual field.B. Sudden eye pain.C. Loss of color vision.D. Colored halos around lights. 4.A mother complains to the nurse that her 4-year-old son often lies. Whats the nurses best responseA. Let the child
5、 know that hell be punished for lying.B. Ask him why he isnt telling the truth.C. Its probably due to his vivid imagination and creativity.D. Acknowledge him by saying, Thats a pretend story. 5.The nurse is caring for an 85-year-old client. For which important factor directly influencing this client
6、s mental health should the nurse be most awareA. The clients attitude toward life circumstances.B. The clients age, education level, social status, and economic level.C. The number of children and grandchildren in the family and the clients relationship with them.D. Grief issues related to loss, rol
7、e changes, and physical stamin 6.A psychiatric client who was voluntarily admitted now wishes to be discharged from the hospital, against medical advice. Whats the most important assessment the nurse should make of the clientA. Ability to care for himself.B. Degree of danger to self and others.C. Le
8、vel of psychosis.D. Intended compliance with aftercar 7.A client has severe pruritus from hepatitis B. Which of the following nursing measures would best enhance the clients comfortA. Use hot water to increase vasodilation.B. Use cold water to decrease itching sensation.C. Give tepid water baths.D.
9、Avoid lotions and creams. 8.The nurse should anticipate which psychological reactions during the second trimester of pregnancyA. Self-centeredness and concentration on the behavior and appearance of children.B. Extroversion and emotional lability.C. Ambivalence and uncertainty.D. Dismay over body im
10、age and readiness for the end of pregnancy. 9.The nurse is caring for a client with a fractured left femur. What signs indicate potential fat emboliA. Increased partial pressure of arterial oxygen (PaO2), reduced sensation in left leg or foot.B. Left leg pain, dyspnea.C. Bradycardia, skin bruises.D.
11、 Cyanosis, decreased PaO2. 10.A client on an inpatient psychiatric unit at a community mental health center is pacing the hallway and appears agitated. When the nurse approaches him, he says loudly, Leave me alone. Whats the nurses best approachA. Say nothing and pace with the client.B. Say You soun
12、d upset. Id like to help. C. Say okay and walk away.D. Summon help in case the client becomes aggressiv 11.The major goal of therapy in crisis intervention is toA. withdraw from the stress.B. resolve the immediate problem.C. decrease anxiety.D. provide documentation of events. 12.While admitting a c
13、lient with pneumonia, the nurse notes multiple bruises in various stages of healing. The client has Alzheimers disease and a history of multiple fractures. Legally, the most important action for the nurse to take is toA. document findings thoroughly.B. question the client about the bruising.C. infor
14、m appropriate local authorities.D. tell the clients physician. 13.The nurse is teaching a client who has been prescribed allopurinol for the treatment of gout. Which instruction would the nurse give to the clientA. Increase alcohol intake while taking the drug.B. Avoid foods that are rich in purine.
15、C. Take aspirin for pain.D. Take the drug between meals to promote absorption. 14.Conjunctivitis may be caused by bacteria, viruses, allergens, or irritants. What signs and symptoms differentiate bacterial conjunctivitis from other typesA. Subacute onset, severe pain, and preauricular adenopathy.B.
16、Recurrent onset, no pain, and clear discharge.C. Acute onset, moderate pain, and purulent discharge.D. Acute onset, mild pain, and clear discharg 15.During afternoon rounds, the nurse finds a male client using a pencil to scratch inside his knee-to-toe cast. The client is complaining of severe itchi
17、ng in the ankle area. Which action should the nurse takeA. Allow him to continue to scratch inside the cast with a pencil.B. Give him a sterile metal object to use for scratching instead of the pencil.C. Encourage him to avoid scratching, and obtain an order for diphenhydramine (Benadryl) if severe
18、itching persists.D. Obtain an order for a sedative, such as diazepam (Valium), to prevent him from scratchin16.The parents of a 4-year-old with sickle cell anemia tell the nurse that they would like to have other children, but theyre concerned about passing sickle cell anemia on to them. Which healt
19、h care team member would be the most appropriate person for the nurse to refer them toA. Clergy.B. Social worker.C. Certified nurse midwife.D. Genetic counselor. 17.A client is 22 weeks pregnant with her first child. Her weight gain is normal, but she complains of constipation. Whats the most effect
20、ive recommendation the nurse can makeA. Take a mild laxative daily. B. Increase intake of fluids and high-fiber foods. C. Relax when trying to move the bowels. D. Start a strenuous exercise program. 18.A mother brings her 15-month-old male child to the ambulatory care clinic for well-child care. Hes
21、 crying and pulling at his left ear, which appears erythematous. Which of the following actions should the nurse take firstA. Ask the mother to leave the room because her anxiety is increasing the childs distress.B. Examine the ear with the child supine because this aids visualization of the tympani
22、c membrane.C. Examine the affected ear last in order to minimize distress early in the examination.D. Examine the left ear first in order to assess what may be physically wrong with the chil 19.Discharge instructions for clients receiving tricyclic antidepressants include which of the following info
23、rmationA. Dont consume alcohol.B. Restrict fluid and sodium intake.C. Its safe to continue taking during pregnancy.D. Discontinue if dry mouth and blurred vision occur. 20.A voluntary client in a health care facility decides to leave the unit before treatment is complete. To detain the client, the n
24、urse refuses to return the clients personal effects. This is an example of which of the followingA. False imprisonment.B. Violation of confidentiality.C. Limit setting.D. Slander. 21.The nurse is caring for a client with late-stage Alzheimers disease. The clients wife tells the nurse that the client
25、 has become very dependent. The clients wife feels guilty if she takes any time for herself because the client cries out for her. The nurse should develop which outcome to assist the clients wifeA. The caregiver learns to explain to the client why she needs time for herself.B. The caregiver distingu
26、ishes obligations she must fulfill from those that can be controlled or limited.C. The caregiver leaves the client at home alone for short periods of time to encourage independence.D. The caregiver avoids asking other family members to help for fear of imposing on them. 22.The client with a head inj
27、ury receives mannitol (Osmitrol) during surgery to help decrease intracranial pressure. Which of the following nursing observations would most likely indicate that the drug is having the desired effectA. Urine output increases.B. Pulse rate decreases.C. Blood pressure decreases.D. Muscular relaxatio
28、n increases. 23.The nurse notices that a depressed client taking amitriptyline (Elavil) for 2 weeks has become very outgoing, cheerful, and talkative. The nurse would suspect which of the followingA. The client is responding to the antipsychotic.B. The client may be experiencing increased energy and
29、 is at an increased risk for suicide.C. The client is ready to be discharged from treatment.D. The client is experiencing a split personality. 24.A primigravida at 28 weeks gestation is admitted with a diagnosis of preterm labor. The clients contractions are occurring every 15 to 20 minutes, lasting
30、 25 seconds. The membranes are intact. What should the nurse doA. Request assistance from the neonatal resuscitation team.B. Place the client on bed rest on her left side.C. Obtain equipment for an amniotomy.D. Prepare terbutaline in an intravenous solution of normal salin 25.Which of the following
31、signs or symptoms would the nurse expect to see in a client with pancreatitisA. Bradycardia.B. Hypertension.C. Decreased white blood cell count.D. Left upper quadrant abdominal pain. 26.Which of the following symptoms would indicate that a client is at risk for autonomic dysreflexiaA. Sudden, severe
32、 hypertension.B. Hot, dry skin.C. Paralytic ileus.D. Bradycardi 27.In providing discharge teaching for the client after a modified radical mastectomy, the nurse should instruct the client that she might need to modify or avoid which of the following activitiesA. Shampooing her dog.B. Caring for her
33、tropical fish.C. Working in her rose garden.D. Taking a late-evening swim. 28.To encourage adequate nutritional intake for a client with Alzheimers disease, what should the nurse doA. Stay with the client and encourage him to eat.B. Help the client fill out his menu.C. Give the client privacy during
34、 meals.D. Fill out the menu for the client. 29.Which of the following fluid and electrolyte imbalances would the nurse anticipate that the client would be particularly susceptible to in the emergent phase of burn careA. Metabolic alkalosis.B. Hemodilution.C. Hypernatremia.D. Hyperkalemi 30.The nurse
35、 is instructing a client with angina about sublingual nitroglycerin. Which of the following points should be includedA. The shelf life of nitroglycerin is long, it keeps for up to 2 years.B. Store the tablets in a tight, light-resistant container.C. Use the tablets only when the pain is severe.D. Th
36、e drug will cause increased urine output. 31.Which of the following is an early sign of laryngeal cancerA. Difficulty swallowing.B. Chronic foul breath.C. Persistent mild hoarseness.D. Nagging unproductive coug 32.The client is advised by the physician to have mammography screening annually. Which o
37、f the following is the best measure to improve adherence with mammography screeningA. Making sure that the individual barriers to screening are minimized.B. Emphasizing that mammography screening can prevent breast cancer.C. Emphasizing that mammography screening is a low-cost approach to cancer pre
38、vention.D. Informing the client that she is at high risk for breast cancer and needs to follow the physicians recommendation. 33.Positive symptoms of schizophrenia include which of the followingA. Waxy flexibility, alogia, and apathy.B. Flat affect, avolition, and anhedonia.C. Hallucinations, delusi
39、ons, and disorganized thinking.D. Somatic delusions, echolalia, and a flat affect. 34.When caring for an adolescent client diagnosed with depression, the nurse should remember that depression manifests differently in adolescents and adults. In an adolescent, signs and symptoms of depression are like
40、ly to include which of the followingA. Helplessness, hopelessness, hypersomnolence, and anorexia.B. Truancy, a change of friends, social withdrawal, and oppositional behavior.C. Curfew breaking, stealing from family members, truancy, and oppositional behavior.D. Hypersomnolence, obsession with body
41、image, and valuing of peers opinions. 35.A young man is remanded by the courts for psychiatric treatment. From his police record the nurse notices that the client has records of delinquency, running away, auto theft, and vandalism in his early teenage years. He dropped out of school at age 16 and ha
42、s been living on his own since then. His history suggests maladaptive coping. Which of the following problems is most associated with maladaptive copingA. Antisocial personality disorder.B. Borderline personality disorder.C. Obsessive-compulsive personality disorder.D. Narcissistic personality disor
43、der. 36.A 24-year-old primipara decides to breast-feed her baby but says, Im worried that I wont be able to breast-feed my baby because my breasts are so small. Which of the following is appropriate response by the nurseA. Because her breasts are small, she will have to feed the baby more often.B. B
44、reast size poses no influence on a womans ability to breast-feed a baby.C. Breast milk can be enhanced by occasional formula feeding.D. The womans motivation to breast-feed is less important than breast siz 37.A client has a diagnosis of borderline personality disorder. She has attached herself to o
45、ne nurse and refuses to speak with other staff members. She tells the nurse that the other nurses are mean, withhold her medication, and mistreat her. The staff is discussing this problem at their weekly conference. Which intervention would be most appropriate for the nursing staff to implementA. Pr
46、ovide an unstructured environment for the client.B. Rotate the nurses who are assigned to the client.C. Ignore the clients behaviors.D. Bend unit rules to meet the clients needs. 38.The nurse plans to administer an injection of heparin to a client. Which of the following techniques for heparin administration is appropriateA. Selects a 1.5-inch, 21-gauge needle for the injection.B. Makes the injection into the deltoid muscle.C. Applies gentle pressure to the site for 5 to 10 seconds after the injection.D. Aspirates with the plunger