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1、2023年贵州美国护士资格认证(CGFNS)考试真题卷（3）本卷共分为1大题50小题，作答时间为180分钟，总分100分，60分及格。一、单项选择题（共50题，每题2分。每题的备选项中，只有一个最符合题意） 1.A client with cirrhosis should be encouraged to follow which of the following diet regimeAHigh-calorie, restricted protein, low-sodium diet.BBland, low-protein, low-sodium diet.CWell-balanced no
2、rmal nutrients, low-sodium diet.DHigh-protein, high-calorie, high-potassium diet. 2.The client was admitted with severe head injury resulting from a motor vehicle accident. The client is presently unconscious. To facilitate rehabilitation when the clients condition allows, the nurse shouldAmaintain
3、limbs in the position of function.Bapply restraints to arms and legs to control spasms.Cexercise just the arms as the legs maintain their tone longer.Dnotify physical therapy as soon as the physician orders passive range of motion. 3.Which of the following discharge instructions should the nurse giv
4、e the parents of an infant with a temporary colostomyAFlush the stoma with tap water at least once a day.BAllow the diaper to absorb the colostomy drainage.CGive the infant plenty of liquids to drink.DExpect the stoma to become dusky red within 2 weeks. 4.On initial assessment of a 7-year-old with r
5、heumatic fever, which of the following would require the nurse to contact the physician immediatelyAHeart rate of 150 bpm.BTwitching in the extremities.CRed rash on the trunk.DSwollen and painful knee joints. 5.The physician has ordered Oxtriphyllin (Choledyl SA) 0.2 g. Available tablets of the medi
6、cine are 100 mg. How many tablets should be givenA0.5 tablets.B2.0 tablets.C2.5 tablets.D5.0 tablets. 6.When assessing a toddler diagnosed with spastic cerebral palsy, which of the following would the nurse expect to findAToe-walking.BDrooling.CFacial grimacing.DWide-based gait. 7.The nurse is asses
7、sing a pregnant woman in the clinic. In the course of the assessment, the nurse learns that this woman smokes one pack of cigarettes per day. Which of the following is the first step the nurse should take to help the woman stop smokingAAssess the clients readiness to stop.BSuggest that the client re
8、duce the daily number of cigarettes smoked by one-half.CProvide the client with the telephone number of a formal smoking-cessation program.DHelp the client develop a plan to stop. 8.Which assessment would the nurse perform to validate that the membranes are rupturedAObserve for a pink, mucus vaginal
9、 discharge.BTest the leaking fluid with nitrazine paper.CAssess the clients temperature, pulse, and blood pressure.DSend a urine specimen from the client to be cultured. 9.Which of the following nursing measures would the nurse institute to help reduce eyelid edema in a child with nephrotic syndrome
10、AInstill eye drops every 8 hours.BLimit the childs television watching.CApply cool compresses to the childs eyes.DElevate the head of the childs bed. 10.When caring for a client who has recently delivered, the nurse assesses the client for urinary retention with overflow. Which of the following prov
11、ides the most accurate picture of retention with overflowAFrequent trips to the bathroom with an average output of 200 to 300 mL per void.BIntense urge to urinate with an average output of 250 mL.CA varying urge to urinate with an average output of 100 mL.DUterus displaced to the right with increase
12、d vaginal bleeding. 11.A client with iron-deficiency anemia is prescribed liquid iron supplements. The nurse teaches the clients about how to take this drug. Which of the following statements by the client indicates that the education is effectiveAI will report any black stools to the physician. BI
13、will dilute the medication and drink it with a straw. CI will check my gums for any bleeding. DI can use antidiarrheal drugs if I develop diarrhea. 12.A client has just expelled a hydatidiform mole. Shes visibly upset over the loss and wants to know when she can try to become pregnant again. Which o
14、f the following would be the nurses best responseAI can see youre upset. Why dont we discuss this with you at a later time when youre feeling better. BI can see that youre upset; however, you must wait at least 1 year before becoming pregnant again. CLet me check with your physician and get you some
15、thing that will help you relax. DPregnancy should be avoided until all of your testing is normal. 13.At an outpatient clinic, a client asks the nurse how she can prepare for pregnancy. Which of the following responses by the nurse would be bestABegin an iron supplement of 100 mg daily. BSupplement y
16、our diet with 400 meg of folio acid. CAvoid raw eggs and cats until conception. DReceive immunization against toxoplasmosis. 14.After abdominal surgery, a client is reluctant to turn in bed. Which of the following interventions would be most appropriateARemind her that she must follow her doctors or
17、ders.BTell her family to encourage her to turn.CAllow the client to turn when she wants.DExplain the importance of turning to the client. 15.The nurse is assessing a client with heart failure. The breath sounds commonly auscultated in clients with heart failure areAtracheal.Bfine crackles.Ccoarse cr
18、ackles.Dfriction rubs. 16.During the first 3 months, which hormone is responsible for maintaining pregnancyAHuman chorionic gonadotropin (HCG).BProgesterone.CEstrogen.DRelaxin. 17.An appropriate-for-gestational-age neonate should weighAbetween the 10th and the 90th percentiles for age.Bat least 2,50
19、0 g (5 lb, 8 oz).Cbetween 2,000 and 4,000 g (4 lb, 6 oz and 8 lb, 12 oz).Din the 50th percentile. 18.The nurse should plan to include which of the following interventions in the plan of care for a child admitted to the hospital with a medical diagnosis of febrile seizureAKeep the child supine.BPlace
20、 the child in respiratory isolation and restrict visitors.CKeep the room temperature low and bedclothes to a minimum.DPlace a padded tongue blade at the bedside. 19.In developing a plan of care for a client with rheumatoid arthritis, the nurse should consider that clients with rheumatoid arthritis s
21、hould be positioned so as toAprevent flexion deformities of the joints.Bdecrease edema around the joints.Cpromote maximum comfort.Dprevent venous stasis. 20.Discharge instructions for clients receiving tricyclic antidepressants include which of the following informationADont consume alcohol.BRestric
22、t fluid and sodium intake.CIts safe to continue taking during pregnancy.DDiscontinue if dry mouth and blurred vision occur. 21.A client who survived an airplane crash has a diagnosis of posttraumatic stress disorder (PTSD). He has a history of nightmares, depression, hopelessness, and alcohol abuse.
23、 Which option offers the client the most lasting relief for his symptomsAThe opportunity to verbalize memories of trauma to a sympathetic listener.BFamily support.CPrescribed medications taken as ordered.DAlcoholics Anonymous (AA) meetings. 22.When completing an assessment of a healthy adolescent cl
24、ient, which of the following would be most appropriateAObtain a detailed account of the adolescents prenatal and early developmental history.BDiscuss sexual preferences and behaviors with the parents present for legal reasons.CDiscuss the clients smoking with parents present in the room.DAssess the
25、adolescent in private; gather additional information from the parents. 23.Which of the following interventions would be most helpful in preventing pressure ulcer formation in at-risk clientAMassaging reddened areas on the sacrum.BEnsuring a generous fluid intake.CRepositioning every hour.DProviding
26、a low protein diet. 24.An 8-year-old child with asthma is being switched from parenteral steroid therapy to a daily dose of oral prednisone. Which of the following instructions would the nurse give to the parentsAHave the child take the dose with meals to prevent gastric irritation.BMake sure the pi
27、ll is given intact to maintain the enteric coating.CAdminister the dose before bedtime to minimize side effects.DGive the medication according to the childs response. 25.Which of the following functions would the nurse expect to be unrelated to the placentaAProduction of estrogen and progesterone.BD
28、etoxification of some drugs and chemicals.CExchange site for food, gases, and waste.DProduction of maternal antibodies. 26.A client is scheduled to undergo percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). The nurse explains the procedure to the client. Which of the following statements by the
29、nurse is most appropriateAPTCA involves opening a blocked artery with an inflatable balloon located on the end of a catheter. BPTCA involves cutting away blockages with a special catheter. CPTCA involves passing a catheter through the coronary arteries to find blocked arteries. DPTCA involves insert
30、ing grafts to divert blood from blocked coronary arteries. 27.For a client in addisonian crisis, it would be very risky for a nurse to administerApotassium chloride.Bnormal saline solution.Chydrocortisone.Dfludrocortisone. 28.The parents of a child being discharged from the day surgery center after
31、insertion of tympanostomy tubes ask the nurse. What will happen to the tubes in my childs ears Which of the following would be the nurses best responseAThe tubes usually dissolve on their own in about 1 year. BThe tubes must remain permanently in place. CYoull probably see them fall out in about 6 m
32、onths. DCall for an appointment to have them removed in about 6 months. 29.The nurse is caring for a neonate 12 hours after birth. Which clinical manifestation would be the earliest indication that the neonate may have cystic fibrosisASteatorrhea.BMeconium ileus.CDecreased sodium levels.DRhinorrhea.
33、 30.The nurse is reviewing a clients arterial blood gas (ABG) report. Which ABG value reflects the acid concentration in the bloodApHBPaO2CPaCO2D 31.The nurse is caring for a client during the fourth stage of labor. Which of the following nursing interventions would be LEAST appropriateACatheterizat
34、ion to protect the bladder from trauma.BPerineal assessments for swelling and bleeding.CVital signs and fundal checks every 15 minutes.DTime with the neonate to initiate breast-feeding. 32.When caring for an adolescent client diagnosed with depression, the nurse should remember that depression manif
35、ests differently in adolescents and adults. In an adolescent, signs and symptoms of depression are likely to include which of the followingAHelplessness, hopelessness, hypersomnolence, and anorexia.BTruancy, a change of friends, social withdrawal, and oppositional behavior.CCurfew breaking, stealing
36、 from family members, truancy, and oppositional behavior.DHypersomnolence, obsession with body image, and valuing of peers opinions. 33.Which of the following home regimens should the nurse suggest to relieve itching in children with chicken poxAGenerous amounts of fine baby powder.BOatmeal preparat
37、ion baths.CTerrycloth towels moistened with hydrogen peroxide.DCool compresses moistened with a weak salt solution. 34.To assess the clients dorsalis pedis pulse, the nurse should palpate theAmedial surface of the ankle.Blateral surface of the ankle.Cventral aspect of the top of the foot.Dmedial asp
38、ect of the dorsum of the foot. 35.Which of the following statements represents a major principle of chronic pain managementAA physiologic approach is most effective.BA psychological approach is most effective.CA pharmacologic approach is most effective.DA multidisciplinary approach is most effective
39、. 36.An 89-year-old client is suffering from dementia of the Alzheimers type. Which intervention would be most useful in managing his dementiaAProvide a safe environment.BProvide a stimulating environment.CAvoid the use of touch.DUse restraints whenever necessary. 37.Which classification of drugs is
40、 the most potentially fatal if the client takes an overdoseAAntihistamines.BDopaminergics.CPhenothiazine antipsychotics.DTricyclic antidepressants. 38.A community nurse visits a family living in a rural area where the drinking water is not fluoridated. Which of the following would the nurse suggest
41、to the family as the most appropriate means for obtaining a significant amount of fluorideATea.BYogurt.CCitrus juices.DNatural cheeses. 39.Pericardiocentesis is performed on a client with cardiac tamponade. This procedure would be deemed effective ifAaspirated blood clots rapidly.Bblood pressure dec
42、reases.Cblood pressure increases.Dheart sounds become muffled. 40.A client admitted for a hysterectomy has a secondary diagnosis of Mnire s disease. Which of the following nursing interventions should the nurse include in the clients plan of care to decrease the effects of tinnitusAReduce the amount
43、 of glucose and cholesterol in the diet.BEncourage the client to listen to the radio with earphones.CEncourage a weight-reduction diet.DAdminister antihypertensive medications as ordered. 41.The nurse is teaching the client how to use a cane. Which of the following statements is most inaccurateAThe
44、client should hold the cane on the involved side.BThe client should hold the cane close to his body.CThe stride length and the timing of each step should be equal.DThe nurse should stand behind the client to prevent falls. 42.The nurse is caring for a client with a new donor site that was harvested
45、to treat a new burn. The nurse should position the client toAallow ventilation of the site.Bmake the site dependent.Cavoid pressure on the site.Dkeep the site fully covered. 43.A client diagnosed with tuberculosis is taking the prescribed chemotherapy of isoniazid, rifampin, and pyrazinamide. The nurse should evaluate the client for signs of which of the following commonly occurring toxicitiesAOtotoxicity.BNephrotoxicity.COptic neuritis.DHepatotoxieity. 44.Assertive behavior involves whi