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1、 初中英语语法专题 专题一：词汇部分（名词、数词、冠词)A：名词专项 可修饰名词的常用词：1）修饰可数名词与不可数名词:some,any，a lot of，lots of,plenty of 2）饰可数名词的有：many,(a）few,a large(great)number of 3）只修饰不可数名词的有：much，(a)little,a great deal of 2、难点 1）名词所有格的归纳 1、a students room,students rooms,fathers shoes。2、Childrens Day 3、a friend of my fathers 4、a twenty
2、 minutes walk,ten miles journey，a boats length，two pounds weight,ten dollars worth。(说明：表示时间、距离、长度、重量、价格、世界、国家等名词的所有格要用 s）5、a map of China，the end of this term，the capital of our country，the color of the flowers。(说明:无生命名词的所有格则必须用 of 结构）6、Li Lei and Wang Feis bedroom,an hour and a halfs talk（说明:表示两个名词
3、共有一样东西时,在第二个名词后面加s）7、Jims and Peters desks;Joes and Davids books(说明:表示两个名词各有的东西时，在各个名词后都加s.）2)名词词语辨析 区别部分名词词语辨析:I.voice,noise,sound,music II.home,house,family，country III.place,floor,room,ground IV.work，job 3、易错点 1)Help yourself to _.A.some chickens B。a chicken C。some chicken D。any chicken 答案：C（选择 A
4、 的同学要注意 chicken 当鸡肉讲时不可数)2）_ it is today!A.What fine weather B.What a fine weather C。How a fine weather D。How fine a weather 答案:A.（选择 B 的同学要注意 weather 不可数。选择 C 和 D 的同学要注意weather 是名词，要用 what 来感叹.）3)Which is the way to the _？A。shoe factory B。shoes factory C。shoes factory D.shoes factory 答案：A.(选择D的同学注意
5、这里不是指名词所有格,而是名词作形容词的用法.类似的用法如:pencil box；school bag 等.)4)This class _ now.Miss Gao teaches them.A.are studying B。is studying C.be studying D.studying 答案:A.(选择 B 的同学要注意,当这种概念名词当“人讲的时候要做复数处理.类似的还有：the police are running after the thief 等）第二部分：强化练习 一、单项选择 1、基础题 1。-What would you like to drink,_ or oran
6、ge？-Orange，please。A.hamburger B。chip C.coke D。icecream 2-They are thirsty。Will you please give them _?-Certainly。A。some bottles of waters B。some bottles of water C。some bottle of water D。some bottle of waters 3The _are going to fly to Beijing。A.Germen B。Germany C.Germanys D.Germans 4Whats your _ for
7、 being late again?A。idea B。key C.excuse D。news 5-Its dangerous here。Wed better go out quickly。-But I think we should let _ go out first.A。woman and children B.women and child C。woman and child D。women and children 6-You can see Mr。Smith if there is a sign“_ on the door of his shop。-Thanks。A.ENTRANCE
8、 B。BUSINESS HOURS C.THIS SIDE UP D.NO SMOKING 7Are they going to have a picnic on _？A。Childrens Day B.Childrenss Day C.Childrens Day D.Children Day 8 are cleaned every day.A.Our classroom of windowsB.Our classroom windows C.Our classroom of windowsD.The windows of our classroom 9There is still orang
9、e here,but people want to drink it.A。little,little B.a little，fewC.a little,a few D.a few,little 10I have never read any books of .A.Luxuns B。Mark Twain C。Charles Dickens D。Bill Gates 1、提高题 1Twelve were hurt,but no were lost in that accident.A。person，life B。people，livesC.peoples,lives D。persons，life
10、 2 One of the family on the bed。A。photos is B.photoes areC。photos are D。photoes is 3There are some foreigners talking in the room。They are two ,three and two .A.Japanese;Englishmen；GermansB。Japanese；Englishman,German C.Japaneses;Englishmen，GermansD.Japanese，Englishmen，Germen 4The sign“BUSINESS HOURS
11、”can be seen in a .A.shop B.schoolC。park D。museum 5 mother made them have piano lessons.A.Peter and Anne B。Peters and AnnesC。Peters and Anne D.Peter and Annes 6-Please help me move the table in。-But there is not enough for it。A.place B。floorC。room D.ground 7These _ have saved many childrens lives.A.
12、woman doctors B.women doctor C.women doctors D。woman doctor 8Yesterday Xiao Min bought a new pair of .It is made of 。A。glass;glass B.glasses;glass C。glasses;glasses D.glass；glasses 9How does Mr Smith go to his office？Every morning he takes a to his office.A.20 minutes walk B。20 minutes walkC.20 minu
13、te walk D.20 minutes walk 10 I went to the shop to buy a dictionary。A。book B。books C。books D.books 11-Do you think selling vegetables？-Yes,but my mother likes it very much。A.is a hard work B。are hard workC.is hard work D。is hard job 12You should take more _.Dont always sit at the desk busy doing you
14、r_.A.exercise，exercise B。exercises，exercises C.exercises，exercise D.exercise,exercises 13She was born in Wuhan，but Beijing has become her second_。A.home B.family C.house D.country 14_ day were having today!A。What a fine B.How fine C.What fine a D。What fine 15What did the headmaster say about Jims _？
15、A.twomonths holiday B.two months holidays C.twomonth holiday D.two months holiday 16一 Where is David？一 Oh，he is reading_ under the tall tree in the garden Aseveral papers Bseveral paper Ca piece of paper Da paper 17一 The Internet is so convenient that we can get all _we wanted.Thats right。It is very
16、 helpful in our lives now.Athe information Ban information Cthe informations Dinformation 18 What about MrBlacks speech？Wonderful！There were _ people there A。a large number of Bmuch C.a great deal of D。lots 二、综合填空 Yesterday my mother went into a shop to buy some fruit and v 1。She put her basket and
17、her handbag down on a table and went to buy some apples.She was going to pay them when she found the handbag was gone!The basket was on the table,but the handbag was not。My mother was very surprised。Suddenly there was a lot of n 2 at the door of the shop,and two p 3 came in.They were holding a man a
18、nd my m 4 bag.One of them asked my mother how m 5 money she had.B：数词专项 第一部分:知识点分析 一、基数词 1）基数词读法：年，月，日，时刻的读法，如 2007 年六月十三日读作：June（the)thirteenth，two thousand and seven(主要体现在口语考试和听力题目中）2）表示一个具体数字时，hundred，thousand，million，billion 一律不用复数；在表示一个不确定数字时则用复数。例如:There are three thousand students in our schoo
19、l。After the war,thousands of people became homeless。3）在一些表示一排或一组的词组里；如：They arrived in twos and threes.他们三三两两的到达了。4）表示”几十岁,例如：He died still in his forties 5）表示年代”，用 in+the+数词复数；二、序数词 1）序数词主要用作定语，前面要加定冠词,例如:The first truck is carrying a foot baskets 2）序数词有时前面可加不定冠词来表示“再一”,“又一”这样的意思,例如：Well have to do
20、 it a second time 3）注意较为容易拼写错误的序数词及其缩写形式：one-first,two-second，three-third,five-fifth，eighteighth,nineninth，twelvetwelfth。缩 写 形 式:first1st second2nd third3rd fourth4th twenty-second22nd 4)表示分数时，分子用基数词表示，分母用序数词表示。分子大于 1 时,分母加-s。例如:three fourths，one second,two fifths 2、难点 倍数表示法 主语+谓语+倍数（或分数）+as+adj。+as
21、 I have three times as many as you。我有你三倍那么多.3、易错点 1.We will have a _ holiday after the exam。A。two month B.two-month C.two months D。two-months 答案：B(选择 C 的同学要注意应用 two months;选择 D 的同学要注意名词之间有“后的组合词当作形容词来用,因此就不用所有格形式了.)2.。_ trees are cut down in the forests every year.A.Thousand B.Thousands C。Thousand o
22、f D。Thousands of 答案：D.（选择 C 的同学注意词组记忆的准确性)3.Our sports meeting will be held _.A.on 24，Tuesday，April B.in April 24，Tuesday C.on Tuesday，April 24 D。in April Tuesday 24 答案：C.(选 B 的同学是受到中文的影响，要特别注意中英文的差异)May 20th，2002，the twentieth of May，2002 注意:带有数词的名词作定语时，一般用单数形式 a sevenyear-old boy 4.Our school will
23、 hold a sports meeting next week.Tom and I will be in boys 。A。800metresrace B.800-metres race C.800metre race D。800 metre race 答案:C。800 来修饰 race,有两种表达法，800-metre race 或 800 metres race.5。Im very hungry，I have eaten two cakes,would you please give me one？A。move B.three C.a third D.the third 答案：C。序数词前
24、加不定冠词，表示“又一，再一,表示 another。6.of the land in the world is covered by water。A.Four three B。Three four C。Three fourth D。Three fourths 答案:D.此题考查分数的写法，如果分子大于 1，分母用复数。例 6 We will have holiday in the winter.A.four weeks B.a fourweek C。four week D.a four weeks 答案:B.此题为一个四星期的假期，数词+名词用作定语.第二部分:强化练习 一、单项选择 1、基础
25、题 1-How many workers are there in your factory?-There are two _.A.hundreds B.hundred C.hundred of D。hundreds of 2 About _ students in our class can describe that place in English。A.threefifths B。threefifth C.thirdfive D。third-fifths 3 Can you write the number eightyfive thousand，six hundred and twen
26、ty-six？-Yes,it is _.A.856620 B.85626 C。58662 D。58626 4。When was the PRC founded？It was founded on _.A。July 1，1921 B。October 1,1949 C。August 1，1927 D。May 1，1922 5。_ Chinese are looking for ways to learn English well before Beijing 2008 Olympics.A.Thousand B。Thousands C。Thousand of D.Thousands of 6Mr
27、Zhang teaches at Middle School.A.a No。5 B.No。5 C。the No。5th D。5th No 7John lives on floor.A.twenty B。twentieth C。the twentieth D.the twentyth 8He has worked on the farm for years.A。two and half B。two and a half C。a half and two D。two halves and a 9Xiao Mao and Da Mao are in 。A。team Fourth B。the team
28、 Four C。Team Four D.Four team 10Sorry，had been sold out.A。42 size B.Size 42 C。the 42 size D。the size 42 2、提高题 1It is said that SARS has killed more than _ people worldwide。A。three hundreds B.three hundreds C.three hundreds D。three hundred 2-What do you think of a war，Li Ming?-Ive no idea。But its a f
29、act that _ people had to leave their hometown during the War on Iraq.A。three millions B.million of C.millions of D.several millions 3 We all think that the _ century will bring us more hopes。A。twentyfirst B.twentiethfirst C。twentyone D。twentieth-one 4 Both of the two rulers are broken。I want to buy
30、a _one.A。three B.third C.forth D。/5.I heard the sports meeting has been put off until _,hasnt it?A。the 3 and 4 B。the 3th and 4 th C。the 3 rd and 4 th D.four and five 6。_ of the earth _ made up of oceans.A。Two-third；is B。Two-thirds;is C。Two-third；are D。Two-thirds;are 7。Since 1964,_ satellites have be
31、en sent into space。A。dozens of B。four dozens C.dozen of D。several dozens 8.Jack Booth is a _ man。A。21-yearsold B。21 years old C.21-year-old D。21 year old 9.Ive lived here for about _。A。two and a half year B.two and a half years C。two year and a half D。two years and half 10-Dad,whats the sea like？-We
32、ll，its large and full of water.It covers about _ of the earth.A.one third B.three quarter C.three-fourth D。three quarters C：冠词专项 第一部分:知识点分析 归纳 1:不定冠词 1）a 和 an 均用在单数名词之前，表示某一类人或事物 2）指某一类人或事物中的任何一个 3）指某人或某物，但不具体说明何人或和物 4）表示“每一”的意思，相当于 every 归纳 2：定冠词 1）特指某(些)人或某（些)事物 2）指说话人和听话人都熟悉的人或事物 3）上文提到过的人或事物 4）表
33、示世界上独一无二的事物 5）用在序数词和形容词最高级之前 6）用在某些形容词之前，表示某一类人或事物 7）用在某些专有名词之前和某些习惯用语中 8）用在姓氏复数之前，表示“某某一家人，“某某夫妇”9）用于江湖、海洋、山脉、群岛的名称前面。10）用于演奏的乐器之前，活动场所或方向、方位之前。归纳 3：不用冠词的情况 1）专有名词人名，地名，节日，月份，年份，星期和不可数名词（一般指物质名词和抽象名词)前一般不用冠词。2）球类，棋类，语言，三餐，游戏名称和颜色前不加冠词。3)名词前已有 this,that，my，your，some,any,no，each,every 等代词作定语时，不用冠词。4)
34、在表示家庭成员名称,称呼语，表示头衔或职务的名词前不加冠词。5）表示某一类人或事物的复数名词前.归纳 4：区别以下词组 at table at the table at desk at the desk at school at the school by sea by the sea go to sea go to the sea go to school go to the school go to bed go to the bed go to hospital go to the hospital in class in the class in bed in the bed in p
35、rison in the prison in hospital in the hospital in place of in the place of in case of in the case of in future in the future next year the next year on earth on the earth take place take the place in front of n the front of out of question out of the question two of us/the two of us a teacher and w
36、riter a teacher and a writer 3、易错点 1 Its time for dinner。Kings are at table.A。/，the B.the,the C.The，/D./，/答案:C。在姓氏复数前用 the 表示一家人,就餐用 at table.2 What do you usually have for breakfast？-I often have bread and milk。A。/,/B./，the C.a,/D。the,the 答案：A.物质名词前一般不用冠词.3 Dont give up,try for second twice。A。the B
37、.a C./D.an 答案:B.根据题意，请再试一次，序数词 second 前加 a，表示 another.4 Would you go for walk with me after supper?A。the,/B.a，/C./，the D./，a 答案：B。go for a walk 为固定搭配，三餐前不加冠词。5 There isnt water or air on the moon，and man cant live on it。A.a B.the C。one D。/答案:D。当 man 表示人类时，前面不加冠词。6 more you read English,better youll
38、learn.A.The,the B./,/C。A，a D。The,a 答案：A。定冠词 the 用于比较级中,表示越,越.第二部分：强化练习 一、单项选择 1、基础题 一。单项填空 1More college graduates would like to work in west part of our country_ next year.A。the，the B./,/C。/，the D。the,/2He hit his sister in face.A.the B。her C。D。his 3-Have you seen book？I left it here this morning。-
39、Is it Chinese book？I saw it.A。a,the B.the，the C.the,a D.a,a 4Theres “u”and “s”in word“use”.A.an，a,the B.a，an，C。a，a，a D。a,an，the 5Did you see my grandmother?-Oh，I saw old woman sitting on a chair by the lake。Maybe she is。A。a B。an C。the D.6-Do you see man with dog？Oh，Yes,dog is yellow。A。the,a，The B.a，
40、a，the C.a，a,A D.a,the,A 7 next morning，she went to school without breakfast.A.The,the，the B.The,/,/C./,/,the D。The，/，the 8How do you like film？Its very moving,I think.A。the，a B。a,the C.the,/D./，the 9-Whats the matter with you?-I caught _ bad cold and had to stay in _bed。A.a;/B。a;the C。a;a D。the;the
41、10-Have you seen _ pen?I left it here this morning.-Is it _ black one?I think I saw it somewhere。A。a；the B。the;the C。the;a D。a；a 2、提高题 1.Im going to see my mother.She is ill _.A。in hospital B。in the hospital C。in a hospital D.at a hospital 2。We have three meals day。We have _breakfast at 6：30 in morn
42、ing every day。A.the,the，the B.the，/，the C。a，/，the D。a，the，the 3.-Tina，could you please play piano for me while Im singing？With pleasure.A.a B.an C.the D。/4.-What is _ most useful invention in the 20th century？-_ computer，I think.A.the;A B。a;A C。the；The D。/；the 5。Can you see _ one-eyed cow in _ field
43、?A.an；the B。a；the C。/；the D。a;a 6。My friend Bob likes to play _ basketball before _ supper.A.the;the B./;the C。the;/D./;/7._ Guangzhou today is more beautiful now.Mr。Jackson said he would visit it _ third time。A.The；a B.The;the C。/；a D。/;the 8.I think this is _ useful dictionary。A.very a B。very an C
44、。quite a D。quite an 9.-Did you have _ good time yesterday afternoon?Yes。It is _ pleasure to fly kites on sunny spring days。A.a；a B.a;the C。the；a D。a；/10.-How far is it from our school to _ seaside?-It is _ eight-kilometer walk from here。A。the;an B./；an C。the;a D./;a 二、根据需要在短文空格中填入适当的冠词 On fine morni
45、ng in May,my classmates and I went to visit university。It is one of _ biggest universities in our city.We saw students of university were studying。We talked with old professor.He told us a lot about his university。At half past ten we said goodbye to professor of university and came back to school.We
46、 had a good time that day because we learned a lot from visit.Keys：名词 基础题：1-5 CBDCD 610 BADBA 提高题：1-5 BAAAD 6-10 CCBDA 11-15 CDAAC 1618 CAA 综合填空 1。vegetables 2。noise 3.policemen 4.mothers 5。much 数词 基础题：15 BABCD 6-10 BCBCB 提高题：1-5 DCABC 610 BACDD 冠词 区别词组：at table 在进餐 at the table 在桌子旁边 at desk 在读书 at
47、 the desk 在课桌旁 at school 在上学 at the school 在学校里 by sea乘船 by the sea在海边 go to sea出海 go to the sea去海边 go to school 去上学 go to the school（因事）去学校 go to bed 上床睡觉 go to the bed 在床上 go to hospital 去看病 go to the hospital 去医院 in class 在上课 in the class 在班级里面 in bed 卧床 in the bed 在床上 in prison 坐牢 in the prison(
48、因事)在监狱 in hospital 住院 in the hospital(因事）在医院 in place of 代替 in the place of 在.。的地方 in case of 万 in the case of 就。.。来说 in future从今以后,将来 in the future未来 next year明年 the next year 第二年 on earth究竟 on the earth在地球上,在世上 take place 发生 take the place 代替 in front of在(外部的)前面 in the front of在(内部的)前面 out of ques
49、tion 毫无疑问 out of the question 完全不可能 two of us我们当中的两人/the two of us我们两人(共计两人）a teacher and writer一位教师兼作家a teacher and a writer一位教师和一位作家 基础题：1-5 C DADDB 6-10 BBCAD 提高题：1-5 ACCCB 610 CCCDA 根据需要在短文空格中填入适当的冠词 On a fine morning in May,my classmates and I went to visit a university。It is one of the biggest
50、 universities in our city.We saw the students of the university were studying.We talked with an old professor。He told us a lot about his university.At half past ten we said goodbye to the professor of the university and came back to /school.We had a good time that day because we learned a lot from t