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1、Journey Across a Vast LandDiscover useful structuresUnit 4GrammarPastparticiplesvsthe-ingform过去分词和过去分词和-ing形式形式Toanalysethedifferenceinusesandmeaningsofpastparticiplesanding formsTopracticeusingthepastparticiplesandtheing formstocreateadverbialclauses语态及语态及用法用法主动主动被动被动用法用法动词动词-ing形式形式一般式完成式一般式完成式主语宾
2、语表语定语状语补语doinghavingdonebeingdonehavingbeendone过去分过去分词词done1.Thegirlswere_toseesuchanopencountry.Thefarmscoveredaverylargearea,whichwas_.amazedamazing1.Fill in each blank with the correct form of a verb from the box.2.Find the difference between each pair of sentences,paying attention to the-ed and
3、ing forms.3.Then translate the sentences into Chinese.seefrightenheadamaze感到感到令人令人姑娘们看到如此广袤的国家甚为惊讶。姑娘们看到如此广袤的国家甚为惊讶。这些农场面积之大令人惊讶。这些农场面积之大令人惊讶。2.Goingintothewildernessalonecanbe_.Doyoufeel_whengoingintothewildernessalone?frighteningfrightened3._fromthetopofthemountain,thescenerywasreallyfascinating._
4、thesceneryfromthetopofthemountain,Iwasfascinatedbytheautumncolors.SeenSeeing感到感到令人令人被动被动主动主动4._eastwards,youwillpasstheCanadianRockies.Finally,thecompany-_byitsnewmanager-startedtomakeaprofit.Headingheaded被动被动主动主动独自一人进入荒野令人恐惧。独自一人进入荒野令人恐惧。你一个人进入荒野感到恐惧吗？你一个人进入荒野感到恐惧吗？从山顶往下望，景色令人着迷。从山顶往下望，景色令人着迷。我在山顶看
5、风景，被秋天绚烂的色彩深深吸引。我在山顶看风景，被秋天绚烂的色彩深深吸引。往东，你会经过加拿大落基山脉。往东，你会经过加拿大落基山脉。最终，在新经理的带领下，公司开始盈利。最终，在新经理的带领下，公司开始盈利。一、一、过去分词作过去分词作表语表语与动词与动词-ing-ing形式的形式的比较。比较。1 1、过去分词作表语。、过去分词作表语。【观察思考】【观察思考】（1）Heseemedquitedelightedatthenews.（2）Thedoorremainedlocked.（3）Hismothergotveryannoyedbecausehecouldntrecitetheidioms.
6、【探究总结】过去分词可放在连系动词be,get,feel,remain,seem,look,become等之后作表语,表示主语所处的情绪或状态。2 2、过去分词作表语与动词过去分词作表语与动词-ing-ing形式的形式的比较。比较。过去分词与动词过去分词与动词-ing-ing形式形式作表语的作表语的意义意义区别。区别。【观察思考】【观察思考】(1)Wewereamazedtofindthatnoonewashurt.Bytheway,themachineisamazing.(2)Doyoufeelfrightenedwhenwalkinghomealoneinthedark?Walkingho
7、mealoneinthedarkcanbefrightening.【探究总结】【探究总结】过去分词表示人或物的心情或状态等,也可以理解为心情或状态受到外界影响,有“感到”之意;动词-ing形式则表示人或物的自身特征,有“令人”之意。这类词常见的表达有：这类词常见的表达有：interesting有趣的有趣的interested感兴趣的感兴趣的delighting令人高兴的令人高兴的delighted感到高兴的感到高兴的disappointing令人失望的令人失望的disappointed感到失望的感到失望的encouraging令人鼓舞的令人鼓舞的encouraged感到鼓舞的感到鼓舞的plea
8、sing令人愉快的令人愉快的pleased感到愉快的感到愉快的puzzling令人费解的令人费解的puzzled感到费解的感到费解的satisfying令人满意的令人满意的satisfied感到满意的感到满意的surprising令人惊异的令人惊异的surprised感到惊异的感到惊异的worrying令人担心的令人担心的worried感到担心的感到担心的3.3.过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别过去分词作表语与被动语态的区别:【观察思考】Thebookiswellwritten.这本书写得很好。(系表结构,强调主语所处的状态)ThebookwaswrittenbyMoYan.这本书是莫言写的。(
9、被动语态,强调主语所承受的动作)【探究总结】【探究总结】“be+“be+过去分词过去分词”表示表示状态状态时时，是是系系表结构表结构，此时此时的过去分词通常已形容词化的过去分词通常已形容词化;表示表示动作动作时时,是被动语态是被动语态,且绝大多数被动结构中的动作执行者由介且绝大多数被动结构中的动作执行者由介词词byby引出。引出。二、二、过去分词作过去分词作状语状语与动词与动词-ing-ing形式的形式的比较。比较。1.1.过去分词短语作状语的用法过去分词短语作状语的用法【观察思考】【观察思考】(1)Askedwhathadhappened,heloweredhishead.=Whenitis
10、askedwhathadhappened,heloweredhishead.(2)Scaredofthetiger,thegirldidntdaretosleepalone.=Because/Asshewasscaredofthetiger,thegirldidntdaretosleepalone.(3)Givenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.=Ifweweregivenmoretime,wecoulddoitmuchbetter.时间时间原因原因条件条件 (4)Leftathome,Johndidntfeelscaredatall.=Althoughhewas
11、leftathome,Johndidntfeelscaredatall.(5)Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,followedbyagroupofstudents.=Theteacherenteredtheclassroom,andhewasfollowedbyagroupofstudents.让步让步方式或伴随方式或伴随【探究总结】【探究总结】过去分词作状语，可以表示过去分词作状语，可以表示_、_、_、_、_和结果，相当于一个状和结果，相当于一个状语从句或语从句或and连接的并列结构。其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与连接的并列结构。其逻辑主语为主句的主语，且与主句主语
12、构成被动关系。主句主语构成被动关系。时间时间原因原因条件条件让步让步方式或伴随方式或伴随【应用实践】【应用实践】(1)_intheearly20thcentury,theschoolkeepsoninspiringchildrensloveofart.A.FoundingB.FoundedC.FoundD.Itwasfounded(2)When_forhisviewsabouthisteachingjob,Philipsaidhefounditveryinterestingandrewarding.A.askingB.heaskingC.askedD.heasked(3)_withcare,o
13、netinwilllastforsixweeks.A.UsedB.UsingC.ItisusedD.Itisusing2.过去分词短语作状语时在句中的位置过去分词短语作状语时在句中的位置【观察思考】【观察思考】(1)Toldthathismotherwasill,LiLeihurriedhome.(2)Theoldmanwalkedintotheroom,supportedbyhisson.【探究总结】【探究总结】过去分词短语作条件、原因及时间状语时过去分词短语作条件、原因及时间状语时,通常放在通常放在 _(句首句首/句末句末)；作伴随、结果状语时；作伴随、结果状语时,通常放在通常放在_(句首
14、句首/句末句末)；作方式状语时；作方式状语时,一一般放在句末般放在句末,有时也放在句首有时也放在句首;作让步状语时作让步状语时,一般放在句首一般放在句首,有时也放在句有时也放在句末。末。句首句首句末句末3.3.过去分词作状语与动词过去分词作状语与动词-ing-ing形式的形式的比较。比较。【观察思考】【观察思考】(1)Seenfromthehill,thecitylooksmagnificent.Seeingthepolice,hemadearunfortheexit.(2)Influencedbyhisexample,theyperformedcountlessgooddeeds.Hesat
15、atthetable,readingamagazine.【探究总结】过去分词过去分词与其逻辑主语之间是与其逻辑主语之间是被动被动关系关系,往往往往表示表示完成完成;动词动词-ing-ing形式形式与其辑主语之间是与其辑主语之间是主动主动关系关系,一般一般表示表示动作动作正在正在进行进行。【注意注意】1.过去分词作状语过去分词作状语,它的逻辑主语必须和它的逻辑主语必须和句子句子的主语相一致。的主语相一致。e.g.Ifcaught,thepolicewillpunishthethief.误误Ifcaught,thethiefwillbepunishedbythepolice.正正小偷小偷如果被抓如
16、果被抓,会受到警方的惩罚。会受到警方的惩罚。2.过去分词作状语时过去分词作状语时,其前面可以带有相应其前面可以带有相应的连词的连词,如如when,though,although,asif,if,unless,until,once等等,表时间、让步、表时间、让步、条件方式条件方式等。等。e.g.If(Iam)invited,Iwillattendtheweddingofmyfriend.如果如果受到邀请受到邀请,我会参加我朋友的婚礼。我会参加我朋友的婚礼。v.-ed和和v.-ing形形式作式作表语表语时：时：v.-ed与其逻辑主语之间是与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系被动关系。v.-ing与其逻辑主语
17、之间是与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系主动关系。v.-ed和和v.-ing形式作形式作状语状语时：时：如果句子的主语和分词是如果句子的主语和分词是被动被动关系关系，时间，时间已经完成已经完成用用v.-ed形式。形式。如果句子的主语和分词是如果句子的主语和分词是主动主动关系关系，时间，时间正在发生正在发生用用v.-ing形式。形式。1.Andwhenhesawthemistsrisingfromtheriverandthesoftclouds_(surround)themountaintops,hewasreducedtotears.(2020新新课标全国卷课标全国卷III)2.Oranges:Ora
18、ngetreesaremorethandecoration;theyareasymbolofgoodfortuneandwealth.Theymakegreatgiftsandyouseethemmanytimes_(decorate)withredenvelopesandmessagesofgoodfortune.(2020新新课标全国卷课标全国卷II)surroundingdecorated3.Allthefootballplayersontheplaygroundcheeredloudly,_(say)thatIhadatalentforfootball.(2019全国卷全国卷I)4.E
19、arthDay,_(mark)on22April,isanannualeventaimingtoraisepublicawarenessaboutenvironmentalprotection.(2019北京北京)sayingmarked1.Oneofthewindowsis_(broke).2._(look)outofthewindow,wesawacatwalkingalongthewall.3.Helooked_(puzzle)soIrepeatedthequestion.4.Shewas_(surprise)tofindthefridgeempty;thechildrenhadeate
20、neverything!5._(build)thirtyyearsago,thehouselooksverybeautiful.6._(born)inapoorfamily,hehadtoworkwhenhewasyoung.7.Hewalkedslowlyintheforest,_(follow)byadog.8.Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,_(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.9._(see)fromthehill,youwillfindthecitylookslikeabiggarden.10.
21、_(see)fromthehill,thecitylookslikeabiggarden.1.Oneofthewindowsis_(broke).2._(look)outofthewindow,wesawacatwalkingalongthewall.3.Helooked_(puzzle)soIrepeatedthequestion.4.Shewas_(surprise)tofindthefridgeempty;thechildrenhadeateneverything!5._(build)thirtyyearsago,thehouselooksverybeautiful.brokenLook
22、ingpuzzledsurprisedBuilt6._(born)inapoorfamily,hehadtoworkwhenhewasyoung.7.Hewalkedslowlyintheforest,_(follow)byadog.8.Thenationalparkhasalargecollectionofwildlife,_(range)frombutterfliestoelephants.9._(see)fromthehill,youwillfindthecitylookslikeabiggarden.10._(see)fromthehill,thecitylookslikeabigga
23、rden.BornfollowedrangingSeeingSeenComplete the sentences with the correct forms of the words in the box.Then translate the sentences into Chinese,paying attention to the different meanings of the-ed and ing forms.boreexcitetiresatisfy1.Webecame_whenthinkingaboutthosebeautifullocationsinFinland.Weexp
24、ectedtoexperiencealotof_thingsthere.excitedexciting想到芬兰那些美丽的地方我们激动起来。我们期待在那里想到芬兰那些美丽的地方我们激动起来。我们期待在那里体验很多令人激动的事情。体验很多令人激动的事情。2.Wewenttobedassoonaswearrivedatthehotelbecausewewereso_.Theeight-hourtrainridewasquite_.3.Iwasnot_withthehotel.ItwasnotascleanasIhadexpected.Butwehada_mealatthehotelsrestaura
25、nt,soIfeltabitbetterlateron.4.Itwasraininghardthenextday,sowejuststayedinthehotelandwatchedTV.Sadly,theTVprogramesthatdaywerereally_.Aswehadnothingelsetodo,wefeltpretty_.tiredtiringboreexcitetiresatisfysatisfiedsatisfyingboringbored由于疲乏，我们一到宾馆就上床休息了。长达八小时的火车由于疲乏，我们一到宾馆就上床休息了。长达八小时的火车行程令人疲惫不堪。行程令人疲惫不
26、堪。我对这家宾馆不满意，它的卫生状况没有达到我的预期。不我对这家宾馆不满意，它的卫生状况没有达到我的预期。不过我们在宾馆餐厅吃的那顿饭令人满意，因此后来我感觉好过我们在宾馆餐厅吃的那顿饭令人满意，因此后来我感觉好一些了。一些了。第二天下起了大雨，因此我们只是待在宾馆看电视。不幸的第二天下起了大雨，因此我们只是待在宾馆看电视。不幸的是，当天的电视节目索然无趣。我们无所事事，感觉百无聊是，当天的电视节目索然无趣。我们无所事事，感觉百无聊赖。赖。Rewrite the sentences.Add information as necessary.Whenpeopleaskedthemanwhatth
27、etripmeanttohim,hesaiditwas“anexperienceofalifetime”.When asked what the trip meant to him,the man said it was“anexperienceofalifetime.”1.ButchartGardenswastransformedfromaquarry.Itwasnowbecomeafamousdestinationfortravellers.Transformedfromaquarry,ButchartGardenshasnowbecomeafamousdestinationfortrav
28、ellers.2.IfyoucompareQuebecCitywithothercitiesinCanada,itseemsmorelikeacharmingEuropeanvillage.ComparedwithothercitiesinCanada,QuebecCityseemsmorelikeacharmingEuropeanvillage.3.TheydidnotknowwheretostarttheirsightseeinginLuoyang,sotheywenttotheTouristInformationCentre.Notknowingwheretostarttheirsigh
29、tseeinginLuoyang,theywenttotheTouristInformationCentre.4.WhentheyheardthattheSea-to-SkyHighwaywasCanadasmostscenicdrive,theymadeWestVancouvertheirfirstdestination.HearingthattheSea-to-SkyHighwaywasCanadasmostscenicdrive,theymadeWestVancouvertheirfirstdestination.v.-ed和和v.-ing形式作表语时：形式作表语时：v.-ed与其逻辑主语之间是与其逻辑主语之间是被动关系被动关系。v.-ing与其逻辑主语之间是与其逻辑主语之间是主动关系主动关系。v.-ed和和v.-ing形式作状语时：形式作状语时：如果句子的主语和分词是如果句子的主语和分词是被动被动关系关系，时间，时间已经完成已经完成用用v.-ed形式。形式。如果句子的主语和分词是如果句子的主语和分词是主动主动关系关系，时间，时间正在发生正在发生用用v.-ing形式。形式。Reviewwhatyouhavelearntinthisperiod.Thankyou!