人教版高中英语配套课件选修7unit1period3.ppt

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1、人教版高中英人教版高中英语配套配套课件件选修修7unit1period3结构结构基本结构:基本结构:to动词原形,有时不定式符号动词原形,有时不定式符号to可以省略。可以省略。否定形式:否定形式:not to动词原形。动词原形。不不定定式式一一般般有有时时式式和和语语态态的的变变化化,通通常常有有下下表表中中的的几几种种形形式式(以以do为例为例):二、二、形式形式主主动动被被动动一般式一般式to do to be done完成式完成式 to have doneto have been done进进行式行式to be doing完成完成进进行式行式to have been doing His

2、works are said to have been translated into many languages.据据说说他的作品被他的作品被译译成了多种文字。成了多种文字。He pretended to be reading when his mother came in.当他母当他母亲进亲进来来时时,他假装在看,他假装在看书书。His sister told him not to read in the sun.他的姐姐他的姐姐让让他不要在阳光下看他不要在阳光下看书书。Mother made him get up early yesterday.昨天母昨天母亲让亲让他起得很早。他起得很

3、早。用法用法1作主语作主语To love and to be loved is the greatest happiness one can seek.爱爱与被与被爱爱是一个人所能是一个人所能寻寻找的最大幸福。找的最大幸福。To ask him for help is necessary.请请求他帮助是很有必要的。求他帮助是很有必要的。How to use the computer is a question.如何使用如何使用电脑还电脑还是个是个问题问题。为为了了避避免免头头重重脚脚轻轻,常常用用it作作形形式式主主语语放放在在句句首首,作作主主语语的的不定式常用在句末。不定式常用在句末。It

4、 would be better for you to go there.你你还还是去的好。是去的好。三、三、【温馨提示温馨提示】(1)不不定定式式可可以以有有自自己己的的逻逻辑辑主主语语,即即for sb to do,这这一一短短语语常被称之为不定式的复合结构。常被称之为不定式的复合结构。(2)在在“It is 形形容容词词不不定定式式复复合合结结构构”句句型型中中,当当其其中中的的形形容容词词与与不不定定式式的的逻逻辑辑主主语语关关系系密密切切并并且且用用来来说说明明逻逻辑辑主主语语的的性性质质、品品质质、特特点点时时,要要由由of引引出出逻逻辑辑主主语语,不不能能用用for。这这类类形形

5、容容词词主主要要有有bold,brave,careful,careless,clever,considerate,cruel,foolish,good,honest,kind,nice,right,rude,stupid,silly,thoughtful,wise,wrong等。等。Its easy for Bill to work out this math problem.对比尔来说解出这道数学题很容易。对比尔来说解出这道数学题很容易。It seemed selfish of him not to give them anything.他不给他们任何东西,这显得太自私了。他不给他们任何东西

6、,这显得太自私了。(3)在在 下下 列列 结结 构构 中中 一一 般般 用用 不不 定定 式式 做做 主主 语语:It is important/essential/necessary to do sth。而而在在下下列列结结构构中中常常用动名词作主语:用动名词作主语:It is no good/no use/no help doing sth。It is important for us students to learn English well.It is necessary to tell him about that.It is no good doing evil even tow

7、ard evil people.作表语作表语To see is to believe.眼见为实。眼见为实。What impressed him most was to see the great changes that had happened there.给他印象最深的是看到那里所发生的巨大变化。给他印象最深的是看到那里所发生的巨大变化。不不定定式式作作表表语语时时也也常常用用来来表表示示预预定定要要发发生生的的动动作作,或或表表示示未来的可能性或假设。未来的可能性或假设。His wish is to live in Beijing.他的愿望是将来住在北京。他的愿望是将来住在北京。All

8、you have to do is(to)finish the job quickly.你要干的事就是尽快把这项工作干完。你要干的事就是尽快把这项工作干完。2【温馨提示温馨提示】What I want to do is(to)have a good rest.我想做的事是好好休息一下。我想做的事是好好休息一下。作宾语作宾语(1)直接作动词的宾语。直接作动词的宾语。以以下下动动词词后后,只只能能跟跟不不定定式式作作宾宾语语:afford(付付得得起起),agree(同同意意),aim(力力求求做做到到),appear(显显得得),arrange(安安排排),ask(要要求求),attempt(试

9、试图图),care(想想要要),choose(决决定定),claim(声声称称),condescend(屈屈尊尊),consent(准准许许),decide(决决定定),demand(要要求求),determine(决决心心),endeavor(竭竭力力),expect(期期待待),fail(未未履履行行),help(帮帮助助),hesitate(犹犹豫豫),hope(希希望望),learn(学学会会),manage(设设法法),neglect(疏疏忽忽),offer(主主动动提提出出),plan(计计划划),prepare(准准备备),pretend(假装假装),proceed(接着做接着做

10、),promise(答应答应),3prove(证证明明),refuse(拒拒绝绝),resolve(解解决决),seem(觉觉得得好好像像),swear(发发 誓誓),tend(往往 往往 会会),threaten(预预 示示),undertake(承承诺诺),volunteer(自自愿愿做做),vow(发发誓誓),want(想要想要),wish(希望希望)等。等。The driver failed to see the other car in time.司机没能及司机没能及时时看看见见另一另一辆车辆车。I happen to know the answer to your question

11、.我碰巧知道你那道我碰巧知道你那道问题问题的答案。的答案。(2)不不定定式式带带补补语语构构成成复复合合宾宾语语(宾宾语语宾宾语语补补足足语语)。如如果果其其中中的的宾宾语语是是不不定定式式短短语语,必必须须将将形形式式宾宾语语it放放在在宾宾语语的的位位置置上,而将不定式短上,而将不定式短语语(真正的真正的宾语宾语)放在放在宾语补宾语补足足语语之前。之前。I think it possible to get on well with him.我我认为认为跟他和睦相跟他和睦相处应该处应该是没有是没有问题问题的。的。(3)动动词词不不定定式式一一般般不不作作介介词词宾宾语语,但但是是在在but,

12、except,besides,than,instead of,about,save后面可以作介后面可以作介词宾语词宾语。He is about to leave the city.We saw no alternative but/except/except/save to fight.Nothing remains but to wait and see.(4)“疑疑问问词词不不定定式式”,不不定定式式前前可可带带what,who,which,where,when,how,whether等疑等疑问词问词。Please show us how to do that.请请演示演示给给我我们们如何

13、去做。如何去做。There are so many kinds of taperecorders on sale that I cant make up my mind which to buy.有有这这么多的么多的录录音机,我都拿不定主意音机,我都拿不定主意买买哪一种。哪一种。作定语作定语(1)动动词词不不定定式式作作定定语语时时,要要放放在在它它所所修修饰饰的的名名词词或或代代词词后后面。面。In my dreams I always have very difficult jobs to do.我在梦里总是做一些艰难的工作。我在梦里总是做一些艰难的工作。Every day he made

14、 one of the smaller animals bring him something to eat.他每天叫一个小动物给他带来吃的东西。他每天叫一个小动物给他带来吃的东西。(2)如果不定式是不及物动词,后面就应有必要的介词。如果不定式是不及物动词,后面就应有必要的介词。Give me a piece of paper to write on.给我一张纸写字。给我一张纸写字。4(3)由由only,last,next,序序数数词词或或形形容容词词最最高高级级修修饰饰的的名名词词常常用不定式作定用不定式作定语语。Betty was the first(girl)to come.贝贝蒂是第一

15、个来的蒂是第一个来的(姑娘姑娘)。He is the only person to know the truth.他是唯一了解真相的人。他是唯一了解真相的人。作状语作状语 (1)表示目的表示目的 You can hide under my seat when the conductor comes to check the tickets.当列当列车员车员来来查查票票时时,你可以藏在我的座位下面。,你可以藏在我的座位下面。In his third year,he left Harvard to work for a company called Microsoft.在三年在三年级时级时,他,他

16、为为了去微了去微软软公司工作而离开了哈佛大学。公司工作而离开了哈佛大学。注注意意:作作目目的的状状语语的的不不定定式式前前,常常加加上上in order或或so as,但但so as不能位于句首。不能位于句首。5(2)表示表示结结果果 动词动词不定式作状不定式作状语语表示表示结结果果时时常用如下常用如下结结构:构:so形容形容词词/副副词词as to do 如此如此以致以致such形容形容词词名名词词as to do 如此如此以致以致enough名名词词to do 足足够够名名词词/形容形容词词/副副词词enoughto do 足足够够too形容形容词词/副副词词to do 太太以致不能以致不

17、能He is not so stupid(such a fool)as to do that.他他还还没有蠢到做那种事。没有蠢到做那种事。The Californian ship arrived too late to save more people.加利福尼加利福尼亚亚号来得太晚,没能挽救更多的人。号来得太晚,没能挽救更多的人。注注意意:不不定定式式短短语语表表示示结结果果时时,常常与与only连连用用,暗暗示示一一种种意意外的外的结结果。果。He went to the seaside only to be drowned.他去了海他去了海滨滨,结结果却溺死在那里。果却溺死在那里。(3)

18、不不定定式式作作原原因因状状语语,常常用用在在某某些些表表示示喜喜、怒怒、哀哀、乐乐等等的形容的形容词词后。后。Im sorry to hear your grandma is ill.听到你奶奶生病真听到你奶奶生病真遗遗憾。憾。The children felt happy to be with their parents.孩子孩子们们和父母在一起感到高和父母在一起感到高兴兴。(4)不定式作方式状不定式作方式状语语(常与常与as if,as though连连用用)He raised his hand as if to take off his hat.他他举举起手来,像是要把帽子摘掉。起手来

19、,像是要把帽子摘掉。(5)不定式修不定式修饰饰作表作表语语或或宾语补宾语补足足语语的形容的形容词词Im very glad to see you again.很高很高兴兴又又见见到你了。到你了。They thought you unwilling to tell the truth.他他们认为们认为你不愿你不愿说实话说实话。作宾补作宾补(1)不不定定式式常常跟跟在在下下列列动动词词之之后后作作宾宾补补:ask,advise,allow,beg,cause,compel,command,enable,encourage,expect,feel,force,find,inform,invite,m

20、ean,notice,order,permit,persuade,remind,require,request,teach,tell,urge,warn等。等。He told me not to bring you anything.他叫我不要给你带任何东西。他叫我不要给你带任何东西。Who taught you to play the music?谁教你弹这支曲子的?谁教你弹这支曲子的?6(2)表示表示见见解、看法的解、看法的动词动词宾语宾语带带to的的动词动词不定式不定式具具有有这这种种用用法法的的动动词词有有:believe,consider,declare,discover,find,

21、imagine,judge,suppose,think,understand,dislike,like,prefer,hate,love等。等。We found the rumor to be true.我我们发现这们发现这个个传闻传闻是真的。是真的。Do you prefer me to do the work by myself?你更愿意我独自做你更愿意我独自做这项这项工作工作吗吗?(3)动词动词短短语语带带to的不定式的不定式具具有有这这种种用用法法的的词词组组有有:arrange for,ask for,call on,count on,depend on,long for,rely

22、on,wait for等。等。I have arranged for our guests to be driven to the church.我已安排好用我已安排好用车车把我把我们们的客人送到教堂。的客人送到教堂。省略省略to 的动词不定式的动词不定式(1)在在下下列列词词组组后后面面的的不不定定式式不不带带to:would rather.than(宁宁愿愿也也不不),had better.(最最好好),cant help but.(不不得得不不),had rather.(宁宁 愿愿),cannot but.(不不 得得 不不,必必 然然),may/might as well.(不妨不妨)

23、,let alone(更不用说更不用说)。Youd better return the books to the library on time.Otherwise,you will be fined.你最好按时还书给图书馆,否则,你将被罚款。你最好按时还书给图书馆,否则,你将被罚款。I cant help but wish that nothing would go wrong.我只能祝愿一切进展顺利。我只能祝愿一切进展顺利。They had never seen such delicious food,let alone eat it.他们从未见过如此美味的饭菜,更不用说吃了。他们从未见过

24、如此美味的饭菜,更不用说吃了。四、四、(2)but和和except:but前前是是动动词词do时时,后后面面出出现现的的动动词词用用不不带带to的的动词动词不定式。否不定式。否则则要要带带to。The little girl did nothing but laugh.那个小女孩什么也不做就是哭。那个小女孩什么也不做就是哭。Theres nothing left to do,but wait there for help.没有没有别别的可做,只好等待帮助。的可做,只好等待帮助。They desire nothing but to enjoy the present moment.他他们们只希望

25、今朝有酒今朝醉。只希望今朝有酒今朝醉。(3)情情态动词态动词后。后。(4)使使役役动动词词 let,have,make后后,感感官官动动词词see,watch,look at,notice,observe,hear,listen to,smell,feel,find 等等后后作作宾宾补补,省略,省略to。get除外除外(get sb to do sth)。The teacher made him say the word like this.老老师让师让他像他像这样说这这样说这个个单词单词。【温馨提示温馨提示】The children were seen to run down the str

26、eet.有人看到孩子有人看到孩子们们沿着沿着这这条街跑了。条街跑了。(5)help 可可带带to,也可不,也可不带带to,help sb(to)do sth。Could you help me(to)carry the heavy box?你能帮我搬你能帮我搬这这个重箱子个重箱子吗吗?(6)由由and,or和和than连连接的两个不定式,第二个接的两个不定式,第二个to 可以省去。可以省去。(7)通通常常在在discover,imagine,suppose,think,understand等等词词后,可以省去后,可以省去to be。He is supposed(to be)nice.他他应该应

27、该是个好人。是个好人。(8)当当两两个个或或多多个个不不定定时时短短语语由由连连词词and,but或或or连连接接时时,后后一一个个或或几几个个不不定定式式符符号号to常常省省略略。但但若若表表示示对对比比、对对照照关关系系时时,不能省略。,不能省略。He wants to move to France and marry the girl.他想搬到法国与他想搬到法国与这这个女孩个女孩结结婚。婚。(9)不不定定式式作作表表语语时时,一一般般要要带带to,但但若若主主语语部部分分中中含含有有do的各种形式的各种形式时时,符号,符号to可省去。可省去。Weve missed the last bu

28、s.All we could do now is walk home.我我们错过们错过了早班了早班车车,现现在所能做的就是步行回家。在所能做的就是步行回家。【感悟高考感悟高考】1No matter how bright a talker you are,there are times when its better_silent.(2012浙江,浙江,3)AremainBbe remainingChaving remained Dto remain解解析析不不论论你你是是一一个个多多么么聪聪明明的的演演讲讲者者,有有些些时时候候保保持持沉沉默默更更好好。此此题题考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词的的

29、用用法法。此此句句中中it作作形形式式主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式,故答案为主语,真正的主语是后面的动词不定式,故答案为D。答案答案D2Tom took a taxi to the airport,only_his plane high up in the sky.(2012四川,四川,6)AfindingBto findCbeing found Dto have found解解析析句句意意:汤汤姆姆乘乘出出租租车车去去了了机机场场,结结果果发发现现他他要要乘乘坐坐的的飞飞机机已已经经高高高高地地飞飞在在天天上上了了。本本题题考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词作作状状语语。“only不不定定式

30、式”作作状状语语时时,表表示示出出乎乎意意料料的的或或事事与与愿愿违违的的结结果果,符符合合语语境境。D项项为为不不定定式式的的完完成成式式,表表示示find这这一一动动作作发发生生在在took这这一一动动作作之之前前,不不符符合合题题意意,故故答案选答案选B。答案答案B3Tom asked the candy makers if they could make the chocolate easier_ into small pieces.(2011安徽,安徽,30)Abreak Bbreaking Cbroken Dto break解解析析考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词作作状状语语。句句意意

31、:汤汤姆姆问问糖糖果果制制造造商商他他们们能能否否把把巧巧克克力力制制作作得得更更易易弄弄碎碎。该该句句中中的的形形容容词词easier为为宾宾语语补补足足语语,相相当当于于表表语语的的作作用用,表表示示的的是是尚尚未未发发生生的的目目的的性动作,其后应该使用不定式结构,故选择性动作,其后应该使用不定式结构,故选择D项。项。答案答案D用所给动词的适当形式填空用所给动词的适当形式填空 He wants to believe anything but _(take)the medicine.I wish _(send)to work in the country.I come here only

32、_(say)goodbye to you.He seems _(eat)something.My wish _(visit)France has come true at last.to taketo be sentto sayto be eatingto visit【单项填空单项填空】Charles Babbage is generally considered_the first computer.Ato invent B.inventing Cto have invented D.having invented 解解析析由由consider to do sth 排排除除B、D,发发明明为

33、为过过去去的的情情,故用不定式的完成时,因此选故用不定式的完成时,因此选C。答案答案CThe chair looks rather hard,but in fact it is very comfortable to_.Asit Bsit on Cbe seat Dbe sat on解解析析如如果果不不定定式式为为不不及及物物动动词词,其其后后应应有有必必要要的的介介词词。当当动动词词与与介介词词连连用用时时,常常位位于于“形形容容词词动动词词不不定定式式”结结构构的末尾。的末尾。答案答案B Did the book give the information you needed?Yes.Bu

34、t _ it,I had to read the entire book.Ato find BfindCto be finding Dfinding解解析析考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词作作状状语语。句句意意:这这本本书书有有你你需需要要的的信信息息吗吗?有有,但但是是为为了了查查到到它它,我我必必须须读读整整本本书书。to find it在句中作目的状语。故选在句中作目的状语。故选A。答案答案A All of them try to use the power of the workstation _ information in a more effective way.Apresentin

35、g BpresentedCbeing presented Dto present解解析析考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词作作状状语语。句句意意:他他们们都都尽尽力力使使用用工工作作站站的的力力量量来来更更加加有有效效地地呈呈现现信信息息。根根据据句句意意可可知知,此此处处应应用用不不定定式式作作目目的的状状语语,故故选选D。A项项强强调调动动作作的的进进行行,B项表示被动或完成,项表示被动或完成,C项表示被动进行。项表示被动进行。答案答案D The play_ next month aims mainly to reflect the local culture.Aproduced Bbeing

36、producedCto be produced Dhaving been produced解解析析考考查查非非谓谓语语动动词词作作定定语语。句句意意:下下个个月月即即将将上上演演的的戏戏剧剧主主要要为为了了表表现现地地方方文文化化。the play与与produce之之间间存存在在被被动动关关系系,由由next month可可知知produce动动作作尚尚未未发发生生,故故用用不定式的被动结构。故选不定式的被动结构。故选C。答案答案C 图表类图表类【写作任务写作任务】观观察察下下面面的的图图表表,用用英英语语给给校校报报编编辑辑写写一一封封信信反反映映相相关关内内容。容。【写作内容写作内容】假

37、假如如你你叫叫李李华华,参参加加学学校校开开展展的的“有有困困难难向向谁谁求求助助”(Whom do you turn to when in trouble?)的的调调查查活活动动,调调查查结结果果如如下表。下表。求助求助对对象象比例比例理由理由同学、朋友同学、朋友58%年年龄龄相仿,容易理解与交流相仿,容易理解与交流老老师师、家、家长长30%有有爱爱心、有心、有经验经验,可以信任,可以信任无无12%不愿与人交流,不愿与人交流,难难以与人沟以与人沟通通【写作要求写作要求】1内内容容要要点点全全面面,并并表表达达出出你你的的观观点点。为为了了使使文文章章连连贯贯,可可适当增加内容。适当增加内容。

38、2词数:词数:120词左右。词左右。【写作分析写作分析】第一步:认真审题第一步:认真审题 一一审审体体裁裁:本本次次写写作作要要求求根根据据图图表表内内容容写写一一封封信信。要要求求同同学学们们根根据据所所给给的的图图表表、数数据据等等进进行行分分析析、研研究究,阅阅读读其其中中的的文文字字和和说说明明,弄弄清清各各种种信信息息之之间间的的关关系系,提提炼炼要要点点,然然后后组组织织语言进行写作,必要时还要加入作者自己的观点。语言进行写作,必要时还要加入作者自己的观点。二审格式:本文格式属于一般的书信体。二审格式:本文格式属于一般的书信体。三审结构:图表作文的结构通常是三段式:三审结构:图表作

39、文的结构通常是三段式:第第一一段段分分析析图图表表中中的的数数据据变变化化反反映映出出的的问问题题或或趋趋势势,简简要要概述概述图图表揭示的信息;表揭示的信息;第二段分析原因;第二段分析原因;第第三三段段提提出出解解决决问问题题的的办办法法或或建建议议。时时态态方方面面除除特特定定的的时时间间用用过过去去时时外,常用一般外,常用一般现现在在时时。第二步:提炼要点第二步:提炼要点1of the same age2talk with and understand each other3ask for ones help4have rich experience5all by oneself/one

40、selves6get on well with第三步:扩点成句第三步:扩点成句1Theyre almost of the same age.2They can talk with and understand each other easily.3The students will tell their teachers or parents about their troubles and ask for their help as the teachers and parents have rich experience and love them very much.4 Only a f

41、ew students solve their problems all by themselves.5They hate to talk with others and can t get on well with others.【参考范文参考范文】Dear editor,Im a student in Senior Three.We have made a survey“Who do you turn to when in trouble?”Here are the results.58%of the students will go to their classmates or frie

42、nds when in trouble.Theyre almost of the same age,so they can talk with and understand each other easily.While 30%of the students will tell their teachers or parents about their troubles and ask for their help as the teachers and parents have rich experience and love them very much.They can be trust

43、ed by these students.Only a few students solve their problems all by themselves.They hate to talk with others and can t get on well with others.They have few friends.In my opinion,when in trouble wed better ask our teachers,parents,friends or classmates for help.Yours,Li Hua【亮点展示亮点展示】本本篇篇文文章章思思路路清清晰

44、晰,语语言言简简洁洁,概概述述了了调调查查的的问问题题、对对象象和和结结果果。第第一一段段直直接接提提出出问问题题。第第二二段段用用多多样样的的句句型型对对图图表表进进行行描描述述,使使用用了了高高级级词词汇汇和和表表达达。如如:when in trouble,of the same age,be trusted by,all by themselves等等。此此外外,复复合合句句While 30%of the students will tell their teachers or parents about their troubles and ask for their help as

45、the teachers and parents have rich experience and love them very much的使用生动地向读者呈现出了图表的结构。的使用生动地向读者呈现出了图表的结构。【写作模板写作模板】The chart gives us an overall picture of the图图表表主主题题.The first thing we notice is that 图图表表最最大大特特点点This means that as进一步说明进一步说明We can see from the statistics given that_图图表表细细节节一一.Aft

46、er动动词词ing细细节节中中的的第第一一个个变变化化,the动动词词ed幅幅度度时时间间 紧紧跟跟着着的的变变化化The figures also tell us that图图表表细细节节二二In the column,we can see that accounts for 进一步描述进一步描述Judging from these figures,we can draw the conclusion that 结结论论The reason for this,as far as I am concerned,is that 给出原因给出原因/It is high time that we 发出倡议发出倡议.谢谢观赏谢谢观赏

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