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1、Lead InlCulturelDefinitionlAccording to the Oxford Dictionary,it has the following meanings:l1.refined understanding and appreciation of art,literature,etc.l2.state of intellectual development of a society l3.particular form of intellectual expressionl4.customs,arts,social institutions,etc of a part
2、icular group or people.lThis lecture aims to help to get an insiders view about British&American Cultures.l lWikipedialIt is a term that has various meanings.However,it is most commonly used in 3 basic senses.l1.excellence of taste in the fine arts and humanities,also known as high culturel2.an inte
3、grated pattern of human knowledge,belief,and behavior that depends upon the capacity for symbolic thought and social learning.l3.the stare of shared attitude,values,goals,and practices that characterizes an institution,organization or groupUnion FlaglcombinationFull picturePatron Saint守护神&FlagName P
4、atron Saint FlagFeast DayEnglandSt.George23rd AprilScotlandSt.Andrew30th NovemberWalesSt.David1st MarchNorthern IrelandSt.Patrick17th MarchlIt consists of the red cross of Saint George(patron saint of England),edged in white,superimposed on the Cross of St Patrick(patron saint of Ireland),which are
5、superimposed on the Saltire of Saint Andrew(patron saint of Scotland).lWales,however,is not represented in the Union Flag by Wales patron saint,Saint David,as at the time the flag was designed Wales was part of the Kingdom of England.Royal coat of arms of the United KingdomCapital&EmblemName Capital
6、 City NationalEmblem国花国花EnglandLondon ScotlandEdinburghWalesCardiffNorthern IrelandBelfastroseThistle蓟花蓟花leek and daffodil韭菜和韭菜和水仙花水仙花Shamrock白花醡浆草白花醡浆草Rose and EnglandThe War of RosesTwo families:the House of York(white rose)and the House of Lancaster(red rose)Henry VII(the Lancaster)and Elizabeth
7、of York(the York)The Tudor RoseHenry VIII and the stabilization of the throne in England Thistle and ScotlandlA prickly花椒花椒-leafed purple flowerlFirst used in the 15th century as a symbol of defencelKing McBeth and the Viking raiders狙击手狙击手on the Scottish coastLeek,Daffodil and WaleslThe colors green
8、 and white lDaffodil was used in the fifteenth century as a sign of recognition by supporters of Henry VII.lLeek was used as a cap badge徽章徽章in battle to tell friend from foe.lBoth are worn on St.Davids day.Shamrockand IrelandlA three-leafed plantlUsed by St.Patrick to illustrate the doctrine of the
9、Holy Trinity lTriads,or groups of three,were of major significance in ancient Ireland.lIncluded in the bouquet of an Irish bride,and also in the boutonniere of the groomlAn integral part of an old tradition called drowning the shamrock.lThe shield is quartered,depicting in the first and fourth quart
10、ers the three passant guardant lions of England;in the second,the rampant lion and double tressure flory-counterflory of Scotland;and in the third,a harp for Northern Ireland.The crest is a statant guardant lion wearing the imperial crown,himself on another representation of that crown.The dexter su
11、pporter is a likewise crowned English lion;the sinister,a Scottish unicorn.The coat features both the motto of English monarchs,Dieu et mon droit(God and my right),and the motto of the Order of the Garter,Honi soit qui mal y pense(Shamed be he who thinks ill of it)on a representation of the Garter b
12、ehind the shield.l英国国徽英国国徽,即英王徽英王徽。l中心图案为一枚盾徽，盾面上左上角和右下角为红底上三只金狮，象征英格兰；右上角为金底上半站立的金狮，象征苏格兰；左下角为蓝底上金黄色竖琴，象征北爱尔兰。盾徽两侧各由一只头戴王冠、分别代表英格兰和苏格兰的狮子和独角兽守护。l盾徽周围用法文写着一句格言Honi soit qui mal y pense，意为“心怀邪念者可耻”；下端悬挂着嘉德勋章，饰带上用法文写着Dieu et mon droit，意为“天有上帝，我有权利”。l盾徽上端为镶有珠宝的金银色头盔、帝国王冠和头戴王冠的狮子。l底部的绿地中有玫瑰（英格兰），蓟（苏格兰），
13、韭菜（威尔士）以及三叶草（爱尔兰）。lHoni soit qui mal y pense出处：l“Honi soit qui mal y pense”（法语，心怀邪念者可耻）这句话绣在环绕着王室盾形徽章的 National Anthem英国国歌庆典版英国国歌庆典版英国国英国国歌庆典版歌庆典版.flvl1.God save our gracious Queen,Long live our noble Queen,God save the Queen!Send her victorious,Happy and glorious,Long to reign over us;God save the
14、Queen!l2.O Lord our God arise,Scatter her enemiesAnd make them fall;Confound their politics,Frustrate their knavish tricks,On Thee our hopes we fix,God save us all!l3.Thy choicest gifts in storeOn her be pleased to pour;Long may she reign;May she defend our laws,And ever give us causeTo sing with he
15、art and voice,God save the Queen!l4.Not in this land alone,But be Gods mercies known,From shore to shore!Lord make the nations see,That men should brothers be,And form one family,The wide world over.l5.From every latent foe,From the assassins blow,God save the Queen!Oer her thine arm extend,For Brit
16、ains sake defend,Our mother,prince,and friend,God save the Queen!l上帝保佑女王，祝她万寿无疆，神佑女王。常胜利，沐荣光；孚民望，心欢畅；治国家，王运长；神佑女王！l扬神威，张天网，保王室，歼敌人，一鼓涤荡。破阴谋，灭奸党，把乱萌一扫光；让我们齐仰望，神佑女王！l愿上帝恩泽长，选精品，倾宝囊，万岁女王！愿她保护法律，使民心齐归向，一致衷心歌唱，神佑女王！Part I.British CultureChapter 1Who Are the British?Focal Points 1.Britain&British In 1975,
17、the government affirmed that the term Britain,not Great Britain could be used as a shortened form of the United Kingdom.British refers to all citizens of the United Kingdom,including Welsh,Scottish,English and Northern Irish.2.The full name of the United Kingdom is the United Kingdom of Great Britai
18、n and the Northern Ireland.1535 Act of Union Wales+England(The Laws in Wales Acts 1535 and 1542(Welsh:)were parliamentary measures by which the legal system of Wales was annexed to England and the norms of English administration introduced.The intention was to create a single state and a single lega
19、l jurisdiction;frequently referred to as England and Wales.The Acts were passed during the reign of King Henry VIII of England,who came from the Welsh Tudor dynasty.http:/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Laws_in_Wales_Acts_1535%E2%80%931542)1707 Act of Union Scotland+England(The Acts of Union were two Acts of
20、Parliament:the Union with Scotland Act 1706 passed by the Parliament of England and the Union with England Act passed in 1707 by the Parliament of Scotland.They were put into effect the terms of the Treaty of Union that had been agreed on 22 July 1706,following negotiation between commissioners repr
21、esenting the parliaments of the two countries.The Acts joined the Kingdom of England and the Kingdom of Scotland(previously separate states,with separate legislatures but with the same monarch)into a single,united kingdom named Great Britain.http:/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1707)1801 Act of
22、 Union Ireland+Great Britain(Passed on 2 July 1800 and 1 August 1800 respectively,the twin Acts united the Kingdom of Great Britain and the Kingdom of Ireland to create the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Ireland.http:/en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Acts_of_Union_1800)1922 Ireland was partitioned.6 count
23、ies there of Ulster,in the north remained part of the United Kingdom.英国史英国史A History Of Britain 01.Beginnings.flvl3.Stonehengel4.Romans ConquestPeoplelThe Scots行秀天下Scotlandl1.the characteristics of the Scotsl2.the kiltl3.famous writerslRobert BurnslRed,Red RoselA Red,Red RoselHear Red,Red RoselPaulP
24、aul.f4vlO my Luves like a red,red rose,Thats newly sprung in June:lO my Luves like the melodie,Thats sweetly playd in tune.lAs fair art thou,my bonie lass,So deep in luve am I;And I will luve thee still,my dear,Till a the seas gang dry.lTill a the seas gang dry,my dear,And the rocks melt wi the sun;And I will luve thee still,my dear,While the sands o life shall run.lAnd fare-thee-weel,my only Luve!And fare-thee-weel,a while!And I will come again,my Luve,Tho twere ten thousand mile!lThe Welsh行秀天下WelshlThe IrishlThe Englsih行秀天下England