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1、Participants:靳燕靳燕,吴晓吴晓,李桂秀李桂秀,董妮娅董妮娅,黄洋黄洋,仝亚军仝亚军,邹舍龙邹舍龙School:Tai Zhou No.1 Senior Middle School Theme:friends and friendshipWarming up-The questionnaire leads Ss to think and talk about friendship,get to know the problems b/t friends,and seek solutions,which prepares for the further teaching in suc
2、h areas as vocabulary,topics and back-ground.Pre-reading-The three questions prompt Ss to think critically about friend-ship,concerning the qualities and importance of a good friend,and importantly,alert Ss to the fact that even a thing can become a good friend.Reading-The diary by the Jewish girl A
3、nne gave a glimpse of her life during a familys shelter in Amsterdam from German Nazis killing.Confined to the attic alone,Anne treats diary as her best friend,and in it reveals her longing for a normal life,and close contact with nature,which helps her get through the lonely days.Comprehending:It h
4、elps and checks Ss further understanding of the text through exercises in forms of alternatives,questions and answers,and matching.Learning about language:It teaches important sentences and structures,and grammar-Direct and Indirect Speeches.Using language-The two letters,listening,questionnaire des
5、ign,letter writing and fun writing stimulate Ss to further talk about friend-ship,especially the pro-blems with misunderstan-ding,unfriendliness,and help them strengthen the abilities to discover,and solve problems,and give practical advice.Summing up-It summarizes the whole unit from the aspects of
6、 topics,vocabulary and grammar.Learning tip-This part encourages Ss to form the habit of writing diary.Integrating skills-The text introduces the way Hawaiians express their friendship,to get Ss to realize the cultural differences in the values friendship,in addition to the acknowledgement of the un
7、iversal importance of friendship.To learn to expressing agreement and disagreement,and show attitudes and certainty,using certain expressions.To learn to write a letter giving advice,which should be persuasive and reasonable enough to solve problems.To fully understand the true essence and cultural
8、differences of friendship,and learn to deal with friends.To learn to use direct and indirect speeches.Period 1-Warming up&SpeakingPeriod 2-ReadingPeriod 3-GrammarPeriod 4-Integrating Skills(WB)Period 5-Using Language Period1Period1Period1Period1To encourage Ss to think about and evaluate friendsTo e
9、nable Ss to use certain sentences and phrases to express agreement and disagreement,and show attitudes about an argument.To learn to solve problems that might occur b/t friends.To cultivate Ss to form the good habits of learning English in senior middle school.1.Talk about your summer holidays.3.Tal
10、k about your friends.2.Talk about your new school.Lead inLead inGive a brief description of one of your friends.The following phrases and structures may be helpful:His/Her name is He/She is years old.He/She likes and dislikes He/She enjoys and hatesHe/She is very kind/friendly/When/Where we got to k
11、now each other.What types of friendship do you have?Pleasetick them out.Then fill in the blanks.girl friends boy friendspen friendslong distance friendsfriends of the same agee-friends(friends over the internet)friends across generationsunusual friends like animals,book1._ is/are most important to y
12、ou.2.You spend most of your free time with _.3.You will share your secrets with _.4.When in trouble,you will first turn to _.A good friendhelpfulpatientopen-mindedcarefulbravehonestkindcaringwarm-heartedgood-temperedeasy-goingout-goingresponsibleList some qualities of a good friend.Pair workPair wor
13、kMake a survey(SB P1).Add up your score and see how many points you can get.4-7 points:you are not a good friend.you either neglect your friends needs or just do what he/she wants you to do.You should think more about what a good friend needs to do.Think more about this.8-12 points:you are a good fr
14、iend.But you should try to strike a balance between your friends needs and your responsibilities.13+points:you are an excellent friend who recognizes that to be a good friend you need to balance your needs and your friends needs.Results:If your best friend does something wrong,what will you do?What
15、to doreasons Try to use the following phrases:I(dont)think I(dont)think so.I(dont)agree.I believe Thats correct.In my opinion,Pair wokPair wokWhat is a friend?What is a friend?A British newspaper once offered a prize for the best definition(定义定义)of a friend.If you were the edition,choose the best on
16、e from the following entries(条目条目),and explain why.One who understands my silence.Friends are just the people who share your happiness and sorrow.When you look at your watch at 4 am,but still know you can call them and wake them up,and theyll still want to talk to you,thats friendship.To have a frie
17、nd,you need to a good friend.Choose one of the following and discuss in groups.1.What is the difference between a friend and a good friend?2.Do you think it is a good idea to borrow money from your friend?Why and Why not?3.What factors may cause the breakdown of friendship4.What is/are the most impo
18、rtant quality/qualities that a friend needs to have?5.What can be your unusual friend besides human beings?And why?Group workGroup work homeworkhomeworkhomeworkhomework1.Write down a short passage about your ideas/the factors/your unusual friends.2.Prepare for the new lesson.Period2Period2Period2Per
19、iod2To develop Ss reading strategies,such as guessing,spotting key sentences,and skimming.To get Ss to realize friends can be a a diary,thus betterUnderstanding friendship,and tell true friends from false ones.To grasp some useful expressions.To appreciate and learn the writing style of this text.Pl
20、ease enjoy three pieces of music and find out what they are about.Why do you think friends are important to you?What do you think a good friend should be like?List the good qualities a good friend should have.A good friendfriendlyopen-mindedgeneroushelpfulpatientgood-temperedtrustworthycarefulfull o
21、f loveresponsibleinterestingbraveeasy-goingoutgoingwarm-heartedunselfishtolerantintelligenthumorousHave you ever considered making friends with animals,plants or even an object?Why or why not?Try to guess what Annes friend is and what the passage is about by reading the title and having a quick at t
22、he pictures in this passage without reading it.ReadingANNES BEST FRIEND2.Skimming the first two paragraphs to confirm your guessing.1)What was Annes best friend?Why did she make friends with it?2)Did she have any other true friends then?Why?3)What is the difference between Annes diary and those of m
23、ost people?She made her diary her best friend,because she could tell everything to it,like her deepest feelings and thoughts.No,because at that time her family was Jewish,they had to hide or they would be caught by the German Nazis.So her only true friend was her diary.Compared with most people who
24、set down a series of facts in a diary,Anne regarded the diary as her true friend to which she could tell everything.4)Do you keep a diary?What do you think most people set down in their diaries?5)We are going to read one of Annes diaries.but before reading,can you tell me what the diary is about wit
25、h the help of one key sentence in the 2nd paragraph?Now read how she felt after being in the hiding place for over a year.How she felt in the hiding placeTwo examples to show her feelings thenOutdoors/so long/crazy/nature/spellboundafter11:30 one evening,stay awake on purpose in order to-Another tim
26、e some months ago/upstairs/did not go downstairs/held me entirely in their power/face to face-Reading of Annes diary1.What would you miss most if you went into hiding like Anne and her family?Give your reasons.Post reading2.Grow work:Work in groups to decide what you would do if your family were goi
27、ng to be killed just because they did something the Emperor did not like.Where would you plan to hide?How would you arrange to get food given to you every day?What would you do to pass the time?-3.Discovering useful words and expressionsComplete the following sentences,using words and expressions fr
28、om Reading1)She has grown _ about computer games.2)Was it an accident or did David do it on _?3)From the beginning,Paul made it clear that he would be _(完全地完全地)in control.4)He used to work _ even in the middle of winter.5)Just the _ of more food made her feel sick.6)You had better have a _ talk with
29、 him.7)Born in a poor family,the manager _ lots of hardships in his childhood.8)A diary is often kept to _ what happens in peoples daily lives.crazypurposeentirelyoutdoorsthoughtface-to-facewent throughset down Talking about friends and friendship1.There are many proverbs about friends and friendshi
30、p.choose one you agree with and explain why.then choose one you disagree with and explain why.A friend in need is a friend indeed.Friends are like wine;the older,the better.A friend to all is a friend to none.The same man cannot be both friend and flatterer(阿谀奉承者阿谀奉承者).False friends are worse than o
31、pen enemies.Walking with a friend in the dark is better than walking alone in the light.2.We have talked about friends and friendship today,can you write one or two sentences to express your understanding of friends and friendship.homeworkhomeworkhomeworkhomework1.Interview a high school student,a b
32、usinessman,a police officer and a housewife to find out their opinions about friends and friendship.Write a report to share it with the whole class.2.Describe one of your best friends following the writing style of this passage.Period3Period3Period3Period3To learn to use direct and indirect speeches
33、To learn to summarize the rules of direct and indirect Speeches.To learn about the special cases in which tenses shouldnt be changedAnne is telling her stories to two of her friendsyou and Tom.Tom has something wrong with his ears,so you have to repeat Annes sentences,using indirect speech.Sometimes
34、 you explain Toms sentences to Anne.AnneTomyou“I have to stay in the hiding place.”said Anne.Anne said she had to stay in the hiding place.“Do you feel sad when you are not able to go outdoors?”Tom asked Anne.Tom asked Anne if/whether she felt sad when she was not able to go outdoors.“I dont want to
35、 set down a series of facts in a diary,”said Anne.Anne said that she didnt want to set down a series of facts in a diary.“What do you call your diary?”Tom asked Anne.Tom asked Anne what she called her diary.直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称直接引语变成间接引语时，要注意以下几点：人称变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。变化、时态变化、宾语从句要用陈述句语序。1.直接引语是陈述
36、句，变成间接引语时，由连词直接引语是陈述句，变成间接引语时，由连词that引引导。例如：导。例如：She said,I am very happy to help you.She said that she was very happy to help you.2.直接引语是一般直接引语是一般/选择疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连选择疑问句，变成间接引语时，由连词词whether或或if引导。例如：引导。例如：He asked me,Do you like playing football?He asked me if/whether I liked playing football.注意：大多数
37、情况下，注意：大多数情况下，if和和whether可以互换，但后有可以互换，但后有ornot,或在动或在动词不定式前，或放在介词后作连接词时，一般只用词不定式前，或放在介词后作连接词时，一般只用whether。例如：。例如：She asked me whether he could do it or not.3.直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的疑直接引语是特殊疑问句，变成间接引语时，由相应的疑问词问词who,whom,whose,how,when,why,where等引导。等引导。例如：例如：My sister asked me,How do you like the film?
38、My sister asked me how I liked the film.4.直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语时，把动词原形变成直接引语是祈使句，变成间接引语时，把动词原形变成动词不定式，并在动词不定式前加动词不定式，并在动词不定式前加tell,ask,order等的宾等的宾语。例如：语。例如：The captain ordered,Be quiet.The captain ordered us to be quiet.注意：此种情况的否定句，在动词不定式前加注意：此种情况的否定句，在动词不定式前加not。My teacher asked me,Dont laugh.My teacher
39、asked me not to laugh.5.一些注意事项一些注意事项(1)间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺间接引语一般要用陈述句的语序，即主、谓、宾的顺序。例如：序。例如：He asked Lucy,Where did you go?He asked Lucy where she went.Tom said,What do you want,Ann?Tom asked Ann what she wanted.(2)直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等，变成间接引语时，直接引语是客观事实、普遍真理等，变成间接引语时，时态不变。例如：时态不变。例如：They told their so
40、n,The earth goes round the sun.They told their son that the earth goes round the sun.(3)直接引语变间接引语时，直接引语变间接引语时，指示代词、时间状语、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等要作相应的变化。例如：地点状语等要作相应的变化。例如：He said,I havent seen her today.He said that he hadnt seen her that day.注意：如果转述时就在原来的地方，就在说话的当注意：如果转述时就在原来的地方，就在说话的当天，就不必改变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等
41、。天，就不必改变指示代词、时间状语、地点状语等。直接引语直接引语 间接引语间接引语指示指示代词代词 时时间间状状语语地点状语地点状语方向性动词方向性动词 this,that,these those now,then,today thatdaythisweek thatweekyesterday thedaybefore lastweek theweekbefore fourdaysago fourdaysbefore thedaybeforeyesterdaytwodaysbefore tomorrowthenextdaynextmonth thenextmonthhere therecome
42、,go,bringtake Verb TenseDirectSpeechIndirectSpeechPresenttensePasttensePasttensePastperfecttensePresentcontinuoustensePastcontinuoustensePresentperfecttensePastperfecttensePastperfecttensePastperfecttenseFuturetensePastfuturetense直接引语和间接引语正误例析直接引语和间接引语正误例析1.“Where does your chemistry teacher live,Ka
43、ren?”the young man asked.The young man asked Karen where did her chemistry teacher live.(误误)The young man asked Karen where her chemistry teacher lived.(正正)简析简析:一般说来一般说来,直接引语是疑问句直接引语是疑问句,将其变为间接引语将其变为间接引语时时,原来的疑问语序要改为陈述语序。原来的疑问语序要改为陈述语序。2.“I have gained the first place in the mathematics competition,
44、”the little boy said happily.The little boy said happily that he has gained the first place in the mathematics competition.(误误)The little boy said happily that he had gained the first place in the mathematics competition.(正正)简析简析:直接引语变为间接引语时直接引语变为间接引语时,若主句的谓语动词若主句的谓语动词是一般过去时是一般过去时,从句的谓语动词一般要用相应的某种过从
45、句的谓语动词一般要用相应的某种过去时态去时态,所以本句中的现在完成时应改为过去完成时。所以本句中的现在完成时应改为过去完成时。3.“Light travels faster than sound,”the physics teacher said to the boys and girls.The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light traveled faster than sound.(误误)The physics teacher told the boys and girls that light travels faste
46、r than sound.(正正)简析简析:直接引语为客观真理、格言时直接引语为客观真理、格言时,变为间接引语变为间接引语,时时态无需改变。态无需改变。4.“Will you go to the concert with me this evening?”Mary asked me.Mary asked me that I would go to the concert with her that evening.(误误)Mary asked me if/whether I would go to the concert with her that evening.(正正)简析简析:直接引语如
47、果是一般疑问句直接引语如果是一般疑问句,变为间接引语变为间接引语时时,要用连词要用连词whether或或if引导引导,而不用而不用that。5.“What did you do here yesterday?”the old man asked my brother.The old man asked my brother what he had done here yesterday.(误误)The old man asked my brother what he had done there the day before.(正正)简析简析:直接引语变为间接引语时直接引语变为间接引语时,指示
48、代词、时间状语、指示代词、时间状语、地点状语一般也要作相应改变地点状语一般也要作相应改变,如如A guessing game“who is my secret friend?”Suggested sentences:Can your friend speak?What does he/she wear today?Is he/she tall or short?What do you and your friend do in your free time?Do you quarrel with each other?.homeworkhomeworkhomeworkhomeworkDo Ex
49、ercise1 on Page 42.Here is another page of Annes diary.Read it through and then use indirect speech to retell the story.To get Ss to know about the ways of showing friendshipIn Hawaii.To strengthen Ss awareness of the universal existence of friendship and the cultural differences in the ways of expr
50、essing friendship between the east and west.To encourage Ss to write about friendship.ways of showing friendship more waysways of showing friendshipmore wayswest and eastEvery culture has its own ways to show friendship.Are there any places in the world where Chinese and western cultures live side b