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1、关于中药名称的译法探讨第一页，本课件共有73页(一一)、中药名称的拉丁语翻译、中药名称的拉丁语翻译甘草：甘草：Radix Glycyrrhizae天麻：天麻：Rhizoma Gastrodiae枳壳：枳壳：Fructus Aurantii秦艽：秦艽：Radix Gentianae Macrophyllae第二页，本课件共有73页板蓝根板蓝根 Radix Isatidis大青叶大青叶 Folium Isatidis麦芽：麦芽：Fructus Hordei Germinatus阿胶：阿胶：Gelatina Corii Asini第三页，本课件共有73页神曲：神曲：Massa Medicata Fe
2、rmentata焦三仙：焦三仙：Massa Trimedicata Usta饴糖：饴糖：Oryzanosum Cum Malto鸡黄：鸡黄：Ovum Centracithale Galli第四页，本课件共有73页例如：赵崧，郑子春，沈洪.实用临床医药杂志2011年第15卷第7期基金项目：十一五“国家科技支撑计划”项目。(江苏省中医院消化科；南京中医药大学)地榆、白芷、白蔹在溃疡性结肠炎大鼠地榆、白芷、白蔹在溃疡性结肠炎大鼠中的作用及机制探讨中的作用及机制探讨Effects of Radix Sanguisorbae，Radix Angelicae Dahuricae and Cortex Di
3、ctamni on the ulcerative colitis rats第五页，本课件共有73页地榆地榆Radix Sanguisorbae（拉丁）（拉丁）Garden Burnet Root（英文）（英文）白芷白芷Radix Angelicae Dahuricae（拉）（拉）Angelica Root（英文）（英文）白蔹白蔹Cortex Dictamni（拉丁）（拉丁）Ampelopsis Root（英文）（英文）第六页，本课件共有73页当归当归-桃仁药对配伍特点及其效应物桃仁药对配伍特点及其效应物质基础研究质基础研究Study on the correlation of chemical
4、 constituents and activities of Radix Angelicae Sinensis and Semen Persicae 中华中医药杂志2011年10月第26卷第10期-P2415刘立（南京中医药大学江苏省方剂研究重点实验室）【点评点评】用拉丁语翻译中药名称用拉丁语翻译中药名称第七页，本课件共有73页桃仁桃仁Peach Seed(Kernel)Semen Persicae（拉丁）当归当归Chinese Angelica Root Radix Angelicae Sinensis（拉丁）第八页，本课件共有73页玄参玄参HPCE指纹图谱的研究指纹图谱的研究Study
5、on HPCE Fingerprint of Scrophulariae Radix 南京中医药大学学报2011年9月第27卷第5期-474宋建平.盐城卫生职业技术学院;韩乐.南京中医药大学关键词关键词：玄参玄参Key Words:Scrophulariae Radix【点评】用拉丁语翻译中药名称玄参玄参Radix Scrophulariae（拉丁）Scrophulariae root；Figwort Root(英语英语)第九页，本课件共有73页生长激素联合生长激素联合续断续断对去垂体幼龄大鼠对去垂体幼龄大鼠生长及骨代谢的影响生长及骨代谢的影响Effect of Growth Hormone
6、Combined with Radix Dipsaci on the Body Growth and the Bone Metabolism of Hypophysectomized Rats 中国中西医结合杂志2011年12月第31卷第12期P1690刘应科、张知新.卫生部中日友好医院儿科关键词：续断关键词：续断Key words:Radix Dipsaci【点评点评】用拉丁语翻译中药名称用拉丁语翻译中药名称第十页，本课件共有73页巴戟天药物血清对成骨细胞生巴戟天药物血清对成骨细胞生物学特性的影响物学特性的影响Effect of medicated serum of Radix Morind
7、ae Officinalis on skeletogenous cell bionomics 中华中医药杂志2010年6月第25卷第6期：846凌昆，赵诣，郭素华（福建中医药大学）国家自然科学基金关键词：巴戟天关键词：巴戟天Key words:Radix Morindae Officinalis【点评点评】用拉丁语翻译中药名称用拉丁语翻译中药名称第十一页，本课件共有73页传统寒热药对附子大黄配伍研究传统寒热药对附子大黄配伍研究.中药与临床中药与临床2010.1(1)2010.1(1)The study of compatibility mechanism of traditional Han-
8、Re cooperation of Radix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata and Radix et Rhizoma Rhei关键词关键词附子；大黄；配伍附子；大黄；配伍Key wordsRadix Aconiti Lateralis Preparata；Radix et Rhizoma Rhei；compatibilit基金项目基金项目国家重点基础研究发展计划国家重点基础研究发展计划(973计划计划)第十二页，本课件共有73页二、中药名称的英语翻译二、中药名称的英语翻译用拉丁语翻译中药名称虽然易于规范、用拉丁语翻译中药名称虽然易于规范、易于区别，但却难以辨认、难以
9、上口。易于区别，但却难以辨认、难以上口。因为拉丁语是一种死亡了的语言，就因为拉丁语是一种死亡了的语言，就是在西方，能熟练应用拉丁语的人也是在西方，能熟练应用拉丁语的人也不多。不多。第十三页，本课件共有73页“拉丁语遭冷落，植物学家用英语拉丁语遭冷落，植物学家用英语命名新物种命名新物种”参考消息2012年1月21日星期六：植物学新规定使用英语得以取代拉丁语植物学新规定使用英语得以取代拉丁语来记录物种，从来记录物种，从1 1月月1 1日起生效。在至少日起生效。在至少400400年里，全球的植物学家依赖拉丁语作年里，全球的植物学家依赖拉丁语作为他们的通用语，但这种热情已经冷却。为他们的通用语，但这种
10、热情已经冷却。从文艺复兴时期起拉丁语就是国际植物从文艺复兴时期起拉丁语就是国际植物学家的语言了。学家的语言了。第十四页，本课件共有73页1采用英语植物名称对译中药名采用英语植物名称对译中药名称。例如：称。例如：大黄：大黄：rhubarb代代花：代代花：bitter orange flower鸡冠花：鸡冠花：cockscomb flower蒲公英：蒲公英：dandelion herb贯众：贯众：basket fern第十五页，本课件共有73页2拉丁语英语化。如：拉丁语英语化。如：栝楼：栝楼：trichosanthes fruit（拉丁语为（拉丁语为Fructus Trichosanthis）黄芩
11、：黄芩：scutellaria root（拉丁语为（拉丁语为Radix Scutellariae）黄芪：黄芪：astragalus root（拉丁语为（拉丁语为Radix Astragali seu Hedysari）黄连：黄连：coptis root（拉丁语为（拉丁语为Rhizoma Coptis）第十六页，本课件共有73页王建云中国中西医结合杂志2011年5月：667国家重大新药创新课题(北京中医药大学东直门医院消化科)人参大黄瓜蒌人参大黄瓜蒌角药角药配伍对动脉粥样硬化配伍对动脉粥样硬化进程中血脂四项及相关促炎因子的影响进程中血脂四项及相关促炎因子的影响Effect of Triangle
12、 Drugs as Ginseng,Trichosanthes kirilowii Maxim and Rhubarb on the level of Blood Lipids and Related Pro-inflammatory Cytokines During the Process of Treating Artherosclerosis 第十七页，本课件共有73页胡雅君胡雅君中国中西医结合杂志中国中西医结合杂志20102010年年1111月：月：11571157 黄芪对宫颈癌患者黄芪对宫颈癌患者Th1/Th2Th1/Th2细胞功能细胞功能调节作用调节作用Regulatory Eff
13、ect of Astragulus injection on Th1/Th2 Cell Function in Patients with Cervical Cancer第十八页，本课件共有73页红花注射液防治游离皮瓣移植术后红花注射液防治游离皮瓣移植术后血管危险的临床研究血管危险的临床研究Clinical Study of Safflower Injection in Treating and Preventing the Vascular Crisis after Free Flap Transplantation中国中西医结合杂志2011年10月第31卷-P1322 石宁宁等（河南省洛阳
14、正骨医院手外显微外科治疗中心）基金项目：国家中医药管理局中医药科学技术研究专项课题【点评点评】用英语翻译中药名称用英语翻译中药名称第十九页，本课件共有73页甘草对小肠隐窝干细胞增殖中甘草对小肠隐窝干细胞增殖中p53mRNAp53mRNA稳定性及其表达的影响稳定性及其表达的影响Effects of Licorice on p53 mRNA Stability and Expression during the Proliferation of Intestinal Crypt Stem Cells中国中西医结合杂志2011年12月第31卷第12期P1604贺毅.张娴 贺毅：广州中医药大学第二附属
15、医院中心实验室。广东省自然基金资助项目关键词：甘草关键词：甘草Key words:Licorice【点评点评】用英语翻译中药名称用英语翻译中药名称第二十页，本课件共有73页黄连与黄芩配伍时主要有效成分黄连与黄芩配伍时主要有效成分溶出率变化规律研究溶出率变化规律研究Variation of dissolution rate of main active ingredient of compatibility of coptis and scutellaria 中华中医药杂志2010年4月第25卷第4期：613胡律江，赵晓娟（江西中医学院药学院）关键词：黄连，黄芩关键词：黄连，黄芩Key word
16、s:Coptis,Scutellaria【点评点评】用英语翻译中药名称用英语翻译中药名称第二十一页，本课件共有73页菟丝子含药血清对成骨细胞代谢调菟丝子含药血清对成骨细胞代谢调控的影响控的影响Effect of Dodder-Containing Serum on the Metabolic of Osteoblasts In Vitro关键词：菟丝子关键词：菟丝子Key words:Dodder seed（Semen Cuscutae）杜波.中医杂志2011年11月第52卷第22期:1951【点评点评】用英语和拉丁语翻译中药名称用英语和拉丁语翻译中药名称第二十二页，本课件共有73页（三）、音
17、译中药名称（三）、音译中药名称经过多年对外交流，中药已逐步为西经过多年对外交流，中药已逐步为西方有关人事所熟悉。他们虽然不会中方有关人事所熟悉。他们虽然不会中文，却能准确地说出中药的中文名称。文，却能准确地说出中药的中文名称。这无疑是中国医药在国际上影响不断这无疑是中国医药在国际上影响不断扩大的结果。人们感到无论采用拉丁扩大的结果。人们感到无论采用拉丁语还是英语翻译中药名称，都不如直语还是英语翻译中药名称，都不如直接采用汉语拼音音译为好。所以近年接采用汉语拼音音译为好。所以近年来人们已开始尝试采用汉语拼音音译来人们已开始尝试采用汉语拼音音译中药名称。中药名称。第二十三页，本课件共有73页桑叶：
18、桑叶：Mulberry leaf（Sang Ye）枇杷叶枇杷叶：Loquat leaf(Pi Pa Ye)地龙：地龙：Earthworm（Di long）牡蛎：牡蛎：Oyster Shell（mu li）（di long）帝隆第二十四页，本课件共有73页一条三环路，三个英文名一条三环路，三个英文名SanhuanRD三环路、散欢路、伞患路三环路、散欢路、伞患路3RDRing-Expwy（Expwy是是expressway高速公路的缩写）高速公路的缩写）SanhuanThrwy（Thrwy是是throughway高速公路、直达道路高速公路、直达道路的缩的缩写）写）北京、上海三环路统一译为北京、上海
19、三环路统一译为3rdRingRd第二十五页，本课件共有73页 （四）、（四）、“三保险三保险”或或“四保险四保险”的翻译方式。的翻译方式。在西方，为了保证中药名称翻译的准确在西方，为了保证中药名称翻译的准确性，一般都采用性，一般都采用“三保险三保险”或或“四保险四保险”的翻译方式。的翻译方式。所谓所谓“三保险三保险”，就是汉语拼音、英语，就是汉语拼音、英语和拉丁语同时并用翻译中药名称，上面和拉丁语同时并用翻译中药名称，上面的四个例子就属于的四个例子就属于“三保险三保险”式翻译。式翻译。所谓所谓“四保险四保险”，就是在，就是在“三保险三保险”的的基础上再加上基础上再加上“汉字汉字”。第二十六页，
20、本课件共有73页厚朴：厚朴：Houpo(magnolia bark;Cortex Magnoliae Officinalis)甘草：甘草：Gancao(licorice root;Radix Glycyrrhizae Uralensis)半夏：半夏：Banxia(pinellia rhizome;Rhizoma Pinelliae Ternatae)当归：当归：Danggui(Chinese angelica root;Radix Angelicae Sinensis)第二十七页，本课件共有73页杜波杜波.中医杂志中医杂志2011年年11月第月第52卷第卷第22期期:1951菟丝子含药血清对成
21、骨细胞代谢调控的菟丝子含药血清对成骨细胞代谢调控的影响影响关键词：菟丝子关键词：菟丝子Effect of Dodder-Containing Serum on the Metabolic of Osteoblasts In VitroKey words:Dodder seed（Semen Cuscutae）第二十八页，本课件共有73页 中医杂志2011年4月中医常山治疗酒精依赖患者中医常山治疗酒精依赖患者30例例临床研究临床研究Clinical Research on Changshan（Radix Dichroae）in Treatment of 30 Alcohol Dependence
22、Patients第二十九页，本课件共有73页 下面罗列一些下面罗列一些伤寒论伤寒论中常用中中常用中药，希望同学们能掌握。药，希望同学们能掌握。第三十页，本课件共有73页Ephedra 麻黄麻黄Herba Ephedrae ma huang Characteristics:Acrid and slightly bitter in taste,warm in nature,and attributive to lung and urinary bladder channels.Effects:Inducing diaphoresis,allaying asthma and inducing diu
23、resis.第三十一页，本课件共有73页Indications:Exterior syndrome of excess type due to affection by pathogenic wind-cold;cough and dyspnea due to attack of pathogenic wind-cold,and obstruction of the lung-qi;edema with exterior syndrome;arthralgia due to dampness-cold,carbuncles of yin nature,subcutaneous nodules,
24、etc.Administration:Decoction:1.5-10g.第三十二页，本课件共有73页Cinnamon Twig 桂枝桂枝Ramulus Cinnamomi gui zhiCharacteristics:Aromatic in odor.Acrid and sweet in taste,warm in nature,and attributive to heart,lung and urinary bladder channels.Effects:Dispelling pathogenic factors from the exterior of body by diaphor
25、esis,warming the channels and reinforcing yang.第三十三页，本课件共有73页Indications:Exterior syndrome due to affection by pathogenic wind-cold,arthralgia syndromes due to wind-cold-dampness,obstruction of qi in the chest,chest pain,palpitation and slow pulse with irregular intervals,phlegm retention due to def
26、iciency of yang,and also amenorrhea,dysmenorrhea,abdominal masses due to pathogenic cold in the blood,etc.Administration Decoction:310g.第三十四页，本课件共有73页 Coptis Root 黄连黄连Rhizoma Coptidis huang lianCharacteristics:Bitter in taste,cold in nature,and attributive to heart,liver,stomach and large intestine
27、channels.Effects:Clearing away heat,drying dampness,purging fire and removing toxins.第三十五页，本课件共有73页Indications:Damp-heat syndrome manifested as diarrhea,dysentery,vomiting;febrile disease marked by high fever,unconsciousness and delirium,dysphoria,insomnia,dark urine,hematemesis,epistaxis;suppurativ
28、e infection on the body surface,swollen and sore throat,etc.Administration Decoction:210g.第三十六页，本课件共有73页 Rhubarb 大黄大黄Radix et Rhizoma Rhei dai huangCharacteristics:Bitter in taste,cold in nature,and attributive to spleen,stomach,large intestine,liver and pericardium channels.Effects:Relieving consti
29、pation by purgation,clearing away heat and toxins,purging fire,promoting blood circulation,normalizing functioning of the gallbladder and curing jaundice.第三十七页，本课件共有73页Indications:Constipation due to stagnation in the bowels,hematemesis and epistaxis due to invasion of blood by heat,sore throat,gum
30、swelling and pain due to flaring up of fire,skin and external disease,jaundice,and other diseases caused by blood stasis.Administration Decoction:312g.For purgation,decoct later(only boil for 15 minutes)or soak in the boiled water for oral use.第三十八页，本课件共有73页 Trichosanthes Fruit 瓜蒌瓜蒌Fructus Trichosan
31、this gua louCharacteristics:Sweet and bitter in taste,cold in nature,and attributive to lung,stomach and large intestine channels.Effects:Clearing away heat from the lung,resolving sputum,promoting flow of qi to soothe chest oppression,moistening the bowels to relieve constipation.第三十九页，本课件共有73页Indi
32、cations:Cough due to the lung-heat with symptoms of thick sputum,unsmooth expectoration,chest pain due to obstruction of qi in the chest,feeling of fullness and stuffiness in the chest,carbuncles of breast,pulmonary abscess and dryness syndrome of the intestines with constipation.Administration Deco
33、ction:1030g.第四十页，本课件共有73页 Bitter Apricot Kernel 杏仁杏仁Semen Armeniacae Amarum xing renCharacteristics:Bitter in taste,warm in nature,slightly toxic,and attributive to lung and large intestine channels.第四十一页，本课件共有73页Effects:Relieving cough and asthma,and moistening the intestine to relax the bowels.Ind
34、ications:Cough,dyspnea,and constipation due to dryness syndrome of the intestine.Administration Decoction:310g.第四十二页，本课件共有73页Poria(Tuckahoe)茯苓茯苓Poria fu lingCharacteristics:Sweet and bland in taste,mind in nature,and attributive to spleen,heart,lung and urinary bladder channels.第四十三页，本课件共有73页Effects
35、:Promoting diuresis to eliminate dampness,invigorating the spleen and tranquilizing the mind.Indications:Edema,dysuria due to fluid retention within the body;lassitude,anorexia and loose stool due to deficiency of spleen;palpitation and insomnia.Administration Decoction:1020g.第四十四页，本课件共有73页 Prepared
36、 Aconite Root 附子附子Radix Aconiti Praeparata fu ziCharacteristics:Acrid in taste,hot in nature,toxicity,and attributive to heart,kidney and spleen channels.Effects:Recuperating depleted yang to rescue the patient from collapse,supplementing fire of the vital gate to strengthen yang,and dispelling cold
37、 to relieve pain.第四十五页，本课件共有73页Indications:Yang-exhaustion syndrome marked by spontaneous cold sweat,cold limbs,indistinct and faint pulse;kidney-yang deficiency syndrome,characterized by aversion to cold,cold limbs,aches in the loins and knees,spleen-yang deficiency syndrome manifested as gastric a
38、nd abdominal cold pain,loose stool;edema,dysuria due to deficiency of both the spleen and kidney and wind-cold-dampness pain.第四十六页，本课件共有73页Administration Decoction:315g.Caution:Crude herb is poisonous but its toxicity is reduced by preparation.Most of the poisonous components are destroyed after the
39、 herb is boiled for more than one hour.Contraindicated for pregnant women.第四十七页，本课件共有73页 Dried Ginger 干姜干姜Rhizoma Zingiberis gan jiangCharacteristics:Acrid in taste,hot in nature,and attributive to heart,lung,spleen and stomach channel Effects:Warming the middle jiao,recuperating depleted yang to re
40、scue the patient from collapse,warming the lung and resolving the retention of fluid.第四十八页，本课件共有73页Indications:Cold syndrome of spleen-stomach with cold pain in abdomen,vomiting and diarrhea;deficient cold syndrome of spleen-stomach;yang-exhaustion syndrome;retention of cold-fluid in lung with cough
41、 and thin expectoration.Administration Decoction:310g.第四十九页，本课件共有73页 Oyster Shell 牡蛎牡蛎Concha Ostreae mu liCharacteristics:Salty and astringent in taste,slightly cold in nature,and attributive to liver and kidney channels.Effects:Calming the liver,suppressing hyperactivity of the liver-yang,softening
42、 and resolving hard masses and inducing astringency.第五十页，本课件共有73页Indications:Irritability,dizziness,tinnitus,palpitation,insomnia,dreaminess,caused by hyperactivity of yang due to deficiency of yin;subcutaneous nodule,scrofula and goiter due to accumulation of phlegm-fire;sweating due to debility,se
43、minal emission,enuresis,leukorrhagia,etc.Administration Decoction:1530g(crushed and decocted first).Powder:23g tid.External use:Appropriate amount.第五十一页，本课件共有73页 Ginseng 人参人参Radix Ginseng ren shenCharacteristics:Sweet and slight bitter in taste,warm in nature,and attributive to spleen,lung and heart
44、 channels.Effects:Replenishing the qi,invigorating the spleen and lung,promoting the production of body fluid to quench thirst,tranquilizing the mind and improving mental power.第五十二页，本课件共有73页Indications:syndrome due to deficiency of qi,deficiency of spleen-qi,deficiency of lung-qi,thirst and diabete
45、s due to impairment of body fluid,irritability,insomnia and palpitation induced by fright.Administration Decoction:310g;1020g for shock.第五十三页，本课件共有73页 Licorice Root 甘草甘草Radix Glycyrrhizae gan caoCharacteristics:Sweet in taste,mild in nature,and attributive to spleen and stomach channels.Effects:Invi
46、gorating the spleen,replenishing qi,moistening the lung,arresting cough,relieving spasm and pain,and moderating the properties of other drugs.第五十四页，本课件共有73页Indications:Deficiency of the spleen-qi and stomach-qi,short breath,asthenia,poor appetite and loose stool;cough,dyspnea,suppurative infections
47、on the body surface,food or drug poisoning,spasm and pain of the extremities,etc.Administration Decoction:310g;up to 30g for deficiency of heart-qi,food and drug poisoning.第五十五页，本课件共有73页思考题：思考题：人参、甘草、附子、大黄、黄连、黄芩、人参、甘草、附子、大黄、黄连、黄芩、麻黄、桂枝、牡蛎麻黄、桂枝、牡蛎性味、功效、归经性味、功效、归经清热燥湿、泻火解毒、活血化瘀、润肠通清热燥湿、泻火解毒、活血化瘀、润肠通便、
48、利尿祛湿安神、平肝潜阳、回阳救逆，便、利尿祛湿安神、平肝潜阳、回阳救逆，软坚散结。软坚散结。孕妇禁用孕妇禁用Contraindicated for pregnant women.第五十六页，本课件共有73页方剂的译法方剂的译法方剂方剂Science of traditional Chinese prescriptionScience of traditional Chinese formulasFormulary Prescriptionology 第五十七页，本课件共有73页从目前的翻译实践来看，方从目前的翻译实践来看，方剂名称大都用音译。剂名称大都用音译。第五十八页，本课件共有73页中医杂
49、志中医杂志20112011年年1212月第月第5252卷第卷第2424期期:2106 :2106 国家重点基础研究发展计划国家重点基础研究发展计划李燕敏李燕敏 北京市朝阳区中医医院北京市朝阳区中医医院不同剂量大黄附子细辛汤治疗慢性不同剂量大黄附子细辛汤治疗慢性肾功能衰竭疗效对比观察肾功能衰竭疗效对比观察Effect of Different Dose of Dahuang Fuzi Xixin Decoction on Chronic Renal Failure 第五十九页，本课件共有73页大黄黄连泻心汤治疗幽门螺杆菌阳性慢性胃炎的大黄黄连泻心汤治疗幽门螺杆菌阳性慢性胃炎的临床观察临床观察中国
50、当代医药中国当代医药 2013 2013年年3 3月月Clinical observation of Hp positive chronic gastritis treated with rhubarb coptis xiexin decoction【关键词】大黄黄连泻心汤；幽门螺杆【关键词】大黄黄连泻心汤；幽门螺杆 菌；慢性菌；慢性 胃炎；临床观察胃炎；临床观察Key wordsRhubarb coptis xiexin decoction；Helicobacter pylori；Chronic gastritis；Clinical observation第六十页，本课件共有73页中医方剂常