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1、关于专四语法讲解状关于专四语法讲解状语从句语从句第一页，本课件共有33页n n副词在句中起状语作用，故如果起状语作用的部分为一个句子，那么该句便是副词性从句，也称状语从句。状语从句可细分为：时间、地点、条件、原因、让步、目的、结果、比较、方式等。n n状语从句的测试重点为：考查对主从句之间逻辑意义关系的把握，看其是否能选择正确的从属连词。第二页，本课件共有33页1.让步状语从句 AdverbialClauseofConcessionn n让步状语从句：除了2000，2007，2011年没考，其他年份都考过n n由下列连接词引导：though,although,even if/though；as
2、；while；for all(that)(虽然，尽管）;no matter how/what/when/where,however,whatever等第三页，本课件共有33页n neg.WhileIdisapproveofwhatyousay,Iwoulddefendtothedeathyourrighttosayit.n n虽然我不赞成你所说的话，我还是要拼命维护你这样说的权利。n nExhaustedthough/asshewas,therewasnohopeofherbeingabletosleep.n nHoweverwiseapersonis,hewillmakesomemistak
3、es.第四页，本课件共有33页真题讲解真题讲解n n1._thebosssays,itisunreasonabletoaskmetoworkovertimewithoutpay.(09,54)n nA.WhateverB.WheneverA.WhateverB.Whenevern nC.WhicheverD.HoweverC.WhicheverD.Howevern nAAn n2._hewantedtogooutwithhisfriendsatthe2._hewantedtogooutwithhisfriendsattheweekend,hehadtostaybehindtofinishhis
4、assignment.weekend,hehadtostaybehindtofinishhisassignment.(08,55)(08,55)n nA.MuchenoughB.MuchasA.MuchenoughB.Muchasn nC.AsmuchD.ThoughmuchC.AsmuchD.Thoughmuchn nB第五页，本课件共有33页n n3._dullhemaybe,heiscertainlyaverysuccessful3._dullhemaybe,heiscertainlyaverysuccessfultopexecutive.(06,51)topexecutive.(06,
5、51)n nA.AlthoughB.WhateverC.AsD.HoweverA.AlthoughB.WhateverC.AsD.Howevern nDDn n4._,Mr.Wellsisscarcelyinsympathywiththe4._,Mr.Wellsisscarcelyinsympathywiththeworkingclass.(05,52)workingclass.(05,52)n nA.AlthoughheisasocialistA.Althoughheisasocialistn nB.EvenifheisasocialistB.Evenifheisasocialistn nC
6、.BeingasocialistD.SinceheisasocialistC.BeingasocialistD.Sinceheisasocialistn nAA第六页，本课件共有33页n n5._,Illmarryhimallthesame.(04,52)5._,Illmarryhimallthesame.(04,52)n nA.WasherichorpoorB.WhetherrichorpoorA.WasherichorpoorB.Whetherrichorpoorn nC.WereherichorpoorD.Beherichorpoorn nDDn n6.Whethermybrother_
7、rightorwrong,hewill6.Whethermybrother_rightorwrong,hewillhavemyunwaveringsupport.(01,62)havemyunwaveringsupport.(01,62)n nA.isB.wereC.beD.wouldbeA.isB.wereC.beD.wouldben nCC第七页，本课件共有33页n n7._Ilikeeconomics,Ilikesociologymuchbetter.(03,59)n nA.AsmuchasB.SomuchA.AsmuchasB.Somuchn nC.HowmuchD.Muchasn n
8、DDn n8.Fool_Janeis,shecouldnothavedonesuchathing.8.Fool_Janeis,shecouldnothavedonesuchathing.(02,58)(02,58)n nA.whoB.asC.thatD.likeA.whoB.asC.thatD.liken nBB第八页，本课件共有33页9._Isympathize,Icantreallydoverymuchtohelp9._Isympathize,Icantreallydoverymuchtohelpthemoutofthedifficulties.(01,56)themoutofthedif
9、ficulties.(01,56)A.AslongasB.AsC.WhileD.Even C C10.Fool_Jerryis,hecouldnothavedonesuchathing.(10,55)A.whoB.asC.likeD.that B第九页，本课件共有33页2.条件状语从句 AdverbialClauseofCondition n n引导词除if外，还有unless,in case,if only.,only if.,provided/providing(that),assuming(that),so/as long as,on condition that,suppose/sup
10、posing(that),in the event that;n nwhether or not 可表示选择条件句。第十页，本课件共有33页n neg.YoucanarriveinBeijingearlierforthemeetingprovidedyoudontmindtakingthenighttrain.n nAssumingheisdiligentinhisstudiesatordinarytimes,heissuretopassthetest.n nIn the event thatshehasnotbeeninformed,Iwilltellher.(如果)第十一页，本课件共有33
11、页n nYoucangoswimmingon condition thatyoudontgotoofarfromtheriverbank.(如果)n nSuppose itrained,wewouldstillgo.(假如)n nSayitweretrue,whatwouldyoudoaboutit?(假如)第十二页，本课件共有33页n n从句的省略。当条件状语从句的主语与主句主语一从句的省略。当条件状语从句的主语与主句主语一致，并且从句谓语含有致，并且从句谓语含有bebe时，可以将从句主语和bebe一起省略。这被称为带连词的无动词状语从句。n n如：n nAlthough(heis)very
12、young,heworksashardasanadult.n nThechildisneverpeevishunless(heis)sick.第十三页，本课件共有33页真题讲解真题讲解n n1.Heaskedmetolendhimsomemoney,whichIagreedtodo,_thathepaidmebackthefollowingweek.(05,64)n nA.onoccasionB.onpurposen nC.onconditionD.onlyifn nC第十四页，本课件共有33页n n2.Ifnot_withtherespecthefeelsduetohim,Jackgetsv
13、eryill-temperedandgrumblesallthetime.(04,55)n nA.beingtreatedB.treatedn nC.betreatedD.havingbeentreatedn nB第十五页，本课件共有33页n n3._bothsidesaccepttheagreement_alastingpeacebeestablishedinthisregion.(04,60)n nA.Onlyif,willB.Ifonly,wouldn nC.Should,willD.Unless,wouldC.Should,willD.Unless,wouldn nAn n4._tha
14、tthedemandforgasolinecontinuestorise4._thatthedemandforgasolinecontinuestoriseatthecurrentrate,itwillnotbelongbeforeitspriceatthecurrentrate,itwillnotbelongbeforeitspricerocketstoaterriblyhighlevel.(04,64)rocketstoaterriblyhighlevel.(04,64)n nA.AscertainingB.AssumingA.AscertainingB.Assumingn nC.Conc
15、erningD.RegardingC.ConcerningD.Regardingn nBB第十六页，本课件共有33页n n5.Thisisanillnessthatcanresultintotalblindness_leftuntreated.(00,42)A.afterB.ifC.sinceD.unlessn nB第十七页，本课件共有33页3 3.时间状语从句 AdverbialClauseofTimen n（1）when,while;after;before;as;assoonas;once;until;whenever等引导的时间状语从句n neg.Myhusbandwasdoingwa
16、shingathomewhile Iwasoutshopping.n nTheracingcarwentoutofcontrol beforeithitthebarrier.n nThenewregulationdoesnotgointoeffectuntilthefirstofMarch.第十八页，本课件共有33页n n（2）Hardly/Scarcely.when;Nosoonerthann neg.Hehadhardlyhadtimetosettledownwhenhesoldthehouseandleftthecountry.n nHehadno soonerreturned than
17、heboughtafinehouse.第十九页，本课件共有33页n n（3）theminute/moment/day,thefirst/second/lasttime,each/every/nexttimen neg.Newsuppliescamethe dayourfuelranout.n nThemachinestartsthe momentthebuttonispressed.n nOurgreatestgloryconsistsnotinneverfalling,butinrisingevery timewefall.n n我们最值得骄傲的不在于从不摔跤，而在于每次摔跤后都能站起来。第
18、二十页，本课件共有33页n n4)since“自从”，从句用非延续动词，主句完成时态n neg.SinceshewenttoNewYork,herfatherhasnotheardfromher.第二十一页，本课件共有33页n n(5)副词directly,immediately,instantly,now引导时间从句,相当于assoonas。n neg.Thepolicemenwentintoactiondirectlytheyheardthealarm.n nImmediatelyhisintentionsareunderstood,hemayleave.n nIrecognizedher
19、instantlyIsawher.第二十二页，本课件共有33页真题举例真题举例n n1.The couple had no sooner got to the station _ the coach left.(09,60)n nA.when B.as C.until D.thann nDn n2.I enjoyed myself so much _ I visited my friends in Paris last year.(08,56)n nA.when B.which C.that D.wheren nA第二十三页，本课件共有33页4.原因状语从句 Adverbialclauseof
20、Cause/Reason n n常用引导词since,as,because,in that,等n n(1)in that引导原因从句时,有时翻译成“是因为”、“就在于”。如:n nAdvertisingisdistinguishedfromotherformsofcommunicationin thattheadvertiserpaysforthemessagetobedelivered.n nCriticismandself-criticismisnecessaryin thatithelpsustofindandcorrectourmistakes.第二十四页，本课件共有33页n n(2)
21、now that表示表示“既然既然”;seeing that,considering;seeing that,considering表示表示“鉴于鉴于”、“考虑到考虑到”。如。如:n nNow thatNow thatwehaveallthematerialready,weshouldwehaveallthematerialready,weshouldbeginthenewtaskatonce.beginthenewtaskatonce.n nHedidpoorlyintheexaminationsHedidpoorlyintheexaminations,consideringconsider
22、inghowhowhardhehadtriedforthem.hardhehadtriedforthem.n nSeeing thatSeeing thatsheislawfullyoldenoughtogetmarried,Isheislawfullyoldenoughtogetmarried,Idontthinkyoucanstopher.dontthinkyoucanstopher.n n其他引导原因状语从句的连接词语还有:forthe:forthe(simple)reasonthat,byreasonthat,onthegroundsthat(simple)reasonthat,byr
23、easonthat,onthegroundsthat等。等。第二十五页，本课件共有33页真题举例真题举例n n1.Mendifferfromanimals_theycanthinkandspeak.(08,54)n nA.forwhichB.forthatA.forwhichB.forthatn nC.inthatD.inwhichC.inthatD.inwhichn nCCn n2.Barryhadanadvantageoverhismother_hecouldspeakFrench.(2001,59)n nA.sincethatB.inthatC.atthatD.sothatn nBB第二
24、十六页，本课件共有33页5.方式状语从句方式状语从句 AdverbialClauseofMannern n主要由as，asif/though,(in)theway(that),(in)thesameway(as),what等引导n neg.Everythinghappened asexpected.n nReadingistothemindwhat/asexerciseistothebody.n nThe wayyouarestudyingnow,youwontmakemuchprogress.第二十七页，本课件共有33页真题举例真题举例n n1.Nine is to three three
25、is to one.(08,53)n nA.when B.thatC.whichD.whatn nDn n【语法点】方式状语从句n n【详解】这是固定句型，用来指what前后两句话有着相类似的内在联系，即“A对B就如A1对B1”，类似的句子还有：Wateristofishwhatairistomen.此句型中的what也可以用as。第二十八页，本课件共有33页n n2.She did her work _ her manager had instructed.（2002,41）n nA.asB.untilC.whenD.thoughn nAn n3.Intellect is to the mi
26、nd _ sight is to the body.(2001,45)n nA.what B.asC.that D.liken nA第二十九页，本课件共有33页6.其他状语从句其他状语从句n n结果状语从句（AdverbialClauseofResult）n n由“so+adj./adv.+that”或“such+N+that”来引导，其含意为“这么以至”或“所以”。n neg.Hewassobewildered(that)hedidnotknowwhattodo.n nElectricityissuchanimportantenergy(that)modernindustrycannotde
27、velopwithoutit.第三十页，本课件共有33页n n有时“sothat”与“suchthat”可以连在一起引导状语从句。n neg.Hisreactionsaresuch thatnoonecanmatchhim.n nSoangrywashethathedidntknowwhattosay.第三十一页，本课件共有33页n n目的状语从句（AdverbialClauseofPurposeAdverbialClauseofPurpose）n n目的状语从句可以由下列连词来引导：目的状语从句可以由下列连词来引导：sothatsothat以便以便,inorderthatinordertha
28、t以便以便,incase,incase以防以防,lest唯恐唯恐,forfear(that),forfear(that)以以免。免。n n当主句中的动词为现在时、现在完成时或将来时时，当主句中的动词为现在时、现在完成时或将来时时，从句中常出现从句中常出现may,canmay,can或willwill等情态动词。等情态动词。n n当主句中的动词为一般过去时、过去进行时或过去当主句中的动词为一般过去时、过去进行时或过去完成时时，从句中常出现完成时时，从句中常出现should,could,might或或wouldwould等情态动词。等情态动词。第三十二页，本课件共有33页感感谢谢大大家家观观看看第三十三页，本课件共有33页