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1、会计学1英语作文写作技巧英语作文写作技巧Outline 1.1.写作基本要求2.2.过渡语3.3.替换新词，改换句式4.4.写作的“四化”5.5.写作增词的技巧2第1页/共36页一、写作基本要求：一、写作基本要求：3第2页/共36页2.段落分明2.1 15%的开头，70%的主体，15%的结尾2.2 每段首行缩进4-5个字母4第3页/共36页二、过渡语二、过渡语n n1.表文章结构顺序，列举：First of all，Firstly/First，Secondly/SecondAnd then，Finally，In the end，At lastn n2.表并列补充关系的，另外：What is m
2、ore，Besides，Moreover，Furthermore，In additionn n3.表转折对比关系的：However，Although+clause(从句)，On one handOn the other hand；5第4页/共36页n n4.4.表因果关系的：表因果关系的：BecauseBecause，ThusThus，ThereforeTherefore，As a As a resultresultn n5.5.表换一种方式表达：表换一种方式表达：In other wordsIn other wordsn n6.6.表进行举例说明：表进行举例说明：For exampleFor
3、 example，句子，句子;For instance;For instance，句子，句子;such as+n/doing;such as+n/doingn n7.7.表陈述事实：表陈述事实：In factIn fact，as a matter of factas a matter of factn n8.8.表达自己观点：表达自己观点：As far as I knowAs far as I know，In my opinionIn my opinionn n9.9.表总结：表总结：In shortIn short，In a wordIn a word，In conclusionIn con
4、clusion，In In summarysummary6第5页/共36页7三、替换旧词，改三、替换旧词，改变句式变句式许多考生的作文错误倒不多，相当符合语法要求，但用词贫乏，过多许多考生的作文错误倒不多，相当符合语法要求，但用词贫乏，过多许多考生的作文错误倒不多，相当符合语法要求，但用词贫乏，过多许多考生的作文错误倒不多，相当符合语法要求，但用词贫乏，过多使用如使用如使用如使用如more and more,I think,as you knowmore and more,I think,as you knowmore and more,I think,as you knowmore and
5、more,I think,as you know等表达，并且句子结等表达，并且句子结等表达，并且句子结等表达，并且句子结构过于简单。构过于简单。构过于简单。构过于简单。统计结果表明，统计结果表明，统计结果表明，统计结果表明，差的作文中简单句多，而好的作文简单句少差的作文中简单句多，而好的作文简单句少差的作文中简单句多，而好的作文简单句少差的作文中简单句多，而好的作文简单句少；差的作差的作差的作差的作文从句、连词、分词结构出现的频率大大低于好的作文文从句、连词、分词结构出现的频率大大低于好的作文文从句、连词、分词结构出现的频率大大低于好的作文文从句、连词、分词结构出现的频率大大低于好的作文；差的
6、作文中差的作文中差的作文中差的作文中关键词和同义表达出现的频率低于好的作文关键词和同义表达出现的频率低于好的作文关键词和同义表达出现的频率低于好的作文关键词和同义表达出现的频率低于好的作文。用词的丰富和句式的多。用词的丰富和句式的多。用词的丰富和句式的多。用词的丰富和句式的多样应该主要通过多看好文章，仔细琢磨好文章中的用词和句子来提高。样应该主要通过多看好文章，仔细琢磨好文章中的用词和句子来提高。样应该主要通过多看好文章，仔细琢磨好文章中的用词和句子来提高。样应该主要通过多看好文章，仔细琢磨好文章中的用词和句子来提高。换句话说，也就是要从阅读中学习写作。换句话说，也就是要从阅读中学习写作。换句
7、话说，也就是要从阅读中学习写作。换句话说，也就是要从阅读中学习写作。第6页/共36页8在措词方面存在的问题：在措词方面存在的问题：在措词方面存在的问题：在措词方面存在的问题：1 1 1 1、可供、可供、可供、可供“调遣调遣调遣调遣”的词汇量贫乏，局限于中学词汇。的词汇量贫乏，局限于中学词汇。的词汇量贫乏，局限于中学词汇。的词汇量贫乏，局限于中学词汇。比如，我们一提到比如，我们一提到比如，我们一提到比如，我们一提到“重要的重要的重要的重要的”大多数同学首先会想到大多数同学首先会想到大多数同学首先会想到大多数同学首先会想到“importantimportant”这个单词这个单词这个单词这个单词它的
8、如下同义词：它的如下同义词：它的如下同义词：它的如下同义词：significant,vital,crucial,significant,vital,crucial,criticalcritical，etcetcetcetc第7页/共36页92 2 2 2、表达相近意义时，常重复用一个词，用词单调。、表达相近意义时，常重复用一个词，用词单调。、表达相近意义时，常重复用一个词，用词单调。、表达相近意义时，常重复用一个词，用词单调。比如，我们一提到比如，我们一提到比如，我们一提到比如，我们一提到“大大大大”大多数同学首先会想到大多数同学首先会想到大多数同学首先会想到大多数同学首先会想到“bigbig
9、”这个单词这个单词这个单词这个单词 它的如下同义词：它的如下同义词：它的如下同义词：它的如下同义词：great,large,huge,vast,great,large,huge,vast,enormous enormous etc.etc.在措词方面存在的问题：在措词方面存在的问题：第8页/共36页10应对之策应对之策应对之策应对之策 1 1 1 1、调动大学期间学过的更生动，更丰富的词汇。、调动大学期间学过的更生动，更丰富的词汇。、调动大学期间学过的更生动，更丰富的词汇。、调动大学期间学过的更生动，更丰富的词汇。Eg.Eg.Eg.Eg.引起、导致引起、导致引起、导致引起、导致 Cause,l
10、ead to,result in,bring about,Cause,lead to,result in,bring about,give rise/birth togive rise/birth to第9页/共36页112 2 2 2、用具体，生动，有针对性的词语。、用具体，生动，有针对性的词语。、用具体，生动，有针对性的词语。、用具体，生动，有针对性的词语。Eg.Eg.Eg.Eg.利用利用利用利用 Use,make use of,Use,make use of,make(good,effective,wide,wise,make(good,effective,wide,wise,full)
11、use of sth,full)use of sth,take(full)advantage oftake(full)advantage of 第10页/共36页123 3 3 3、文中如需要多次表达同一词义时，以同义词，、文中如需要多次表达同一词义时，以同义词，、文中如需要多次表达同一词义时，以同义词，、文中如需要多次表达同一词义时，以同义词，近义词等避免重复使用同一词。近义词等避免重复使用同一词。近义词等避免重复使用同一词。近义词等避免重复使用同一词。Eg.Eg.Eg.Eg.适应适应适应适应Adapt to,adjust to,makefit,get used Adapt to,adjus
12、t to,makefit,get used to,be accustomed toto,be accustomed to 第11页/共36页13少用老掉牙词汇少用老掉牙词汇少用老掉牙词汇少用老掉牙词汇n n垃圾词汇垃圾词汇垃圾词汇垃圾词汇:helpful helpful 典型例句典型例句典型例句典型例句:Sth is helpful(to sb):Sth is helpful(to sb)n n替代语替代语替代语替代语 conduciveconducive有助于有助于有助于有助于 e.g Sth is conducive to sbe.g Sth is conducive to sbn n垃圾
13、词汇垃圾词汇垃圾词汇垃圾词汇:thinkthink 典型例句典型例句典型例句典型例句:i think-:i think-n n替代语替代语替代语替代语deemdeem，harbor the idea that harbor the idea that n n垃圾词汇垃圾词汇垃圾词汇垃圾词汇:because because 典型例句典型例句典型例句典型例句:xxx because xxx:xxx because xxxn n替代语替代语替代语替代语 in that/in as much asin that/in as much asn n垃圾词汇垃圾词汇垃圾词汇垃圾词汇:aboutabout 典
14、型例句典型例句典型例句典型例句:it is about 250 times of that:it is about 250 times of thatn n替代语替代语替代语替代语 it is approximately-it is approximately-n n垃圾词汇垃圾词汇垃圾词汇垃圾词汇:if ifn n替代语替代语替代语替代语providedprovided，supposingsupposing第12页/共36页n n1.1.people,personspeople,persons的替换词的替换词的替换词的替换词:individuals,characters,:individua
15、ls,characters,folks folks n n2.2.goodgood的替换词的替换词的替换词的替换词:positive,favorable,rosy(:positive,favorable,rosy(美好的美好的美好的美好的)，promising(promising(有希望的有希望的有希望的有希望的)，perfect,pleasurable,perfect,pleasurable,excellent,outstandingexcellent,outstandingn n3.3.badbad的替换词的替换词的替换词的替换词:dreadful,unfavorable,poor,adv
16、erse:dreadful,unfavorable,poor,adverse(有害的有害的有害的有害的)如果如果如果如果 bad bad 做表语，可以有做表语，可以有做表语，可以有做表语，可以有 be less impressive be less impressive 代替代替代替代替 24个经典替换词个经典替换词第13页/共36页24个经典替换词个经典替换词n4.many的替换词的替换词:an army of,an ocean of,a sea of,a multitude of,many if not most.nEg.Many individuals,if not most,harbo
17、r the idea that.n 5.some的替换词的替换词:a slice of,quiet a few,severaln 6.thing的替换词的替换词:affair,business,matter第14页/共36页16n n7.7.thinkthink的替换词的替换词的替换词的替换词:harbor the idea that,take the attitude:harbor the idea that,take the attitude that,hold the view that,it is widely shared that,it is that,hold the view
18、that,it is widely shared that,it is universally acknowledged thatuniversally acknowledged thatn moncommon的替换词的替换词的替换词的替换词:shared:sharedn n9.9.get much benefitget much benefit的替换词的替换词的替换词的替换词:reap huge fruits:reap huge fruitsn n10.10.in my opinionin my opinion的替换词的替换词的替换词的替换词:for my part,from my own:
19、for my part,from my own perspective perspective 24个经典替换词个经典替换词第15页/共36页n n11.11.more and moremore and more的替换词的替换词的替换词的替换词:increasingly,growing:increasingly,growing 当修饰当修饰当修饰当修饰名词时用名词时用名词时用名词时用 increasing/growing.increasing/growing.n n修饰形容词，副词用修饰形容词，副词用修饰形容词，副词用修饰形容词，副词用 increasingly increasingly n
20、n注意没有注意没有注意没有注意没有growingly growingly 这种形式这种形式这种形式这种形式.n nEg.Eg.sth has gained growing popularity.sth has gained growing popularity.n n sth is increasingly popular.sth is increasingly popular.n n12 12 helpfulhelpful的替换词的替换词的替换词的替换词:benefitial rewarding:benefitial rewardingn n13.13.very very的替换词的替换词的替
21、换词的替换词:exceedingly,extremely:exceedingly,extremely24个经典替换词个经典替换词第16页/共36页n n14.14.causecause的替换词的替换词的替换词的替换词:give rise to,lead to,result in,trigger:give rise to,lead to,result in,trigger n n15.15.reasons for sthreasons for sth的替换词的替换词的替换词的替换词:there are several reasons:there are several reasons behin
22、d sthbehind sthn n16.16.want want 的替换词的替换词的替换词的替换词:desire:desiren n17.17.pay attention topay attention to的替换词的替换词的替换词的替换词:pour attention into:pour attention inton n18.18.rememberremember的替换词的替换词的替换词的替换词:bear in mind that:bear in mind that24个经典替换词个经典替换词第17页/共36页19n n19.19.sb be interested in sthsb be
23、 interested in sth的替换词的替换词的替换词的替换词:sth appeals to sb,:sth appeals to sb,sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb sth exerts a tremendous fascination on sb n n20.20.attract ones attentionattract ones attention的替换词的替换词的替换词的替换词:capture one:capture one s s attentionattentionn n21.21.havehave的替换词的替换词的替换
24、词的替换词:enjoy,possess:enjoy,possess24个经典替换词个经典替换词第18页/共36页20n municationcommunication的替换词的替换词的替换词的替换词:interaction interactionn n23.23.be against,disagree with sthbe against,disagree with sth 的替换词：的替换词：的替换词：的替换词：frown on frown on sthsthn n24.24.for examplefor example 的替换词：的替换词：的替换词：的替换词：to name only a
25、few,as an to name only a few,as an exampleexample24个经典替换词个经典替换词第19页/共36页21善用词组善用词组善用词组善用词组 如果我们能够在单词的基础上，进一步想到与之同义的词组，如果我们能够在单词的基础上，进一步想到与之同义的词组，如果我们能够在单词的基础上，进一步想到与之同义的词组，如果我们能够在单词的基础上，进一步想到与之同义的词组，那么文章就会显得与众不同，更具有英语的味道。那么文章就会显得与众不同，更具有英语的味道。那么文章就会显得与众不同，更具有英语的味道。那么文章就会显得与众不同，更具有英语的味道。比如上面所说的比如上面所说
26、的比如上面所说的比如上面所说的“重要的重要的重要的重要的”这个单词，当我们想到这个单词，当我们想到这个单词，当我们想到这个单词，当我们想到importantimportantimportantimportant的时候，如果从语法角度再稍加考虑一下，我们的时候，如果从语法角度再稍加考虑一下，我们的时候，如果从语法角度再稍加考虑一下，我们的时候，如果从语法角度再稍加考虑一下，我们会想到会想到会想到会想到“be of importancebe of importancebe of importancebe of importance”。因为，语法中规定：形容词。因为，语法中规定：形容词。因为，语法中
27、规定：形容词。因为，语法中规定：形容词等于等于等于等于ofofofof加这个形容词的名词形式。加这个形容词的名词形式。加这个形容词的名词形式。加这个形容词的名词形式。如果再提升一步，我们还学过一个常用的词组如果再提升一步，我们还学过一个常用的词组如果再提升一步，我们还学过一个常用的词组如果再提升一步，我们还学过一个常用的词组“play an play an play an play an important role in-important role in-important role in-important role in-”-”-”-”。第20页/共36页22句型多样，制造亮点句型多样
28、，制造亮点句型多样，制造亮点句型多样，制造亮点简单句，并列句和复合句交替使用，灵活使用各种句简单句，并列句和复合句交替使用，灵活使用各种句简单句，并列句和复合句交替使用，灵活使用各种句简单句，并列句和复合句交替使用，灵活使用各种句子结构如：子结构如：子结构如：子结构如：插入语，倒装句，强调句，非谓语动词，插入语，倒装句，强调句，非谓语动词，插入语，倒装句，强调句，非谓语动词，插入语，倒装句，强调句，非谓语动词，疑问句疑问句疑问句疑问句等。等。等。等。若要写好作文，要写好句子，首先要掌握句子结构和若要写好作文，要写好句子，首先要掌握句子结构和若要写好作文，要写好句子，首先要掌握句子结构和若要写好
29、作文，要写好句子，首先要掌握句子结构和句式变化及句子类型，可通过对泛读课文经典句子的句式变化及句子类型，可通过对泛读课文经典句子的句式变化及句子类型，可通过对泛读课文经典句子的句式变化及句子类型，可通过对泛读课文经典句子的背诵提高应用语言基本句型的能力。背诵提高应用语言基本句型的能力。背诵提高应用语言基本句型的能力。背诵提高应用语言基本句型的能力。Imitation is a good way to learn.Imitation is a good way to learn.第21页/共36页23适当用代替主动，这样能更客观的反映事实适当用代替主动，这样能更客观的反映事实适当用代替主动，这样
30、能更客观的反映事实适当用代替主动，这样能更客观的反映事实,句子开头不句子开头不句子开头不句子开头不要总是用要总是用要总是用要总是用we/I(we/I(we/I(we/I(比如不用比如不用比如不用比如不用 we should pay we should pay attention toattention to 而用而用而用而用 Attention should be paid to.Attention should be paid to.)In a word,the local government should take In a word,the local government shoul
31、d take effective measures to solve the problem.effective measures to solve the problem.It is,therefore,high time that some applicable It is,therefore,high time that some applicable approaches were implemented by the local approaches were implemented by the local government like that.government like
32、that.被动句以及倒装句被动句以及倒装句被动句以及倒装句被动句以及倒装句第22页/共36页24四、写作的四、写作的四、写作的四、写作的“四化四化四化四化”：a.a.语言准确化语言准确化语言准确化语言准确化 b.b.语言多样化语言多样化语言多样化语言多样化 c.c.结构清晰化结构清晰化结构清晰化结构清晰化 d.d.内容简单化内容简单化内容简单化内容简单化第23页/共36页uuRecently,the problem of has aroused Recently,the problem of has aroused peoples concern.peoples concern.uuInter
33、net has been playing an Internet has been playing an increasingly important role in our day-increasingly important role in our day-to-day life.It has brought a lot of to-day life.It has brought a lot of benefits but has created some serious benefits but has created some serious problems as well.prob
34、lems as well.uuRecently the issue of the problem of/the Recently the issue of the problem of/the phenomenon of.has been brought into phenomenon of.has been brought into focus.focus.uuInflation/Corruption/Social inequality.Inflation/Corruption/Social inequality.is yet another of the new and bitter is
35、 yet another of the new and bitter truth we have to learn to face truth we have to learn to face now/constantly.now/constantly.Beginning 文章开头第24页/共36页uuPeoples views on vary from person Peoples views on vary from person to person.Some hold that.However,to person.Some hold that.However,others believe
36、 that.others believe that.uuAttitudes towards(drugs)vary from Attitudes towards(drugs)vary from person to person.person to person.uuThere are different opinions among There are different opinions among people as to People may have people as to People may have different opinions on different opinions
37、 on uuDifferent people hold different Different people hold different attitudes toward(failure).attitudes toward(failure).Different opinions不同意见第25页/共36页uuAs far as something is concerned,.As far as something is concerned,.uuIt was obvious that It was obvious that uuIt may be true that,but it doesnt
38、 It may be true that,but it doesnt mean that mean that uuIt is natural to believe that,but we It is natural to believe that,but we shouldnt ignore that shouldnt ignore that uuThere is no evidence to suggest that There is no evidence to suggest that Incorrect opinions第26页/共36页uuFrom my point of view,
39、it is more From my point of view,it is more reasonable to support the first opinion reasonable to support the first opinion rather than the second.rather than the second.uuI cannot entirely agree with the idea I cannot entirely agree with the idea that that uuPersonally,I am standing on the side Per
40、sonally,I am standing on the side of of uuI sincerely believe that I sincerely believe that uuIn my opinion,it is more advisable to In my opinion,it is more advisable to do than to do.do than to do.uuFinally,to speak frankly,there is also Finally,to speak frankly,there is also a more practical reaso
41、n why a more practical reason why Your opinions第27页/共36页uuThis phenomenon exists for a number This phenomenon exists for a number of reasons.of reasons.uuWhy did?For one thing For Why did?For one thing For another.Perhaps the primary reason another.Perhaps the primary reason is is uuI quite agree wi
42、th the statement I quite agree with the statement that the reasons are chiefly as that the reasons are chiefly as follows.follows.The reasons第28页/共36页uuHere are some suggestions for handling uuThe best way to solve the troubles is uuPeople have figured out many ways to solve this problem.Solutions第2
43、9页/共36页uuThe primary reason is/to begin with/to start with/In the first place uubesides/furthermore/in addition/whats more uulast but not least；uuPreviously,simultaneously,eventually；uuFor one thing,for anotheruuOn one hand,on the other handSequence 顺序顺序第30页/共36页uuTaking all these factors into consi
44、deration,Taking all these factors into consideration,we naturally come to the conclusion that we naturally come to the conclusion that uuTaking into account all these factors,we Taking into account all these factors,we may reasonably come to the conclusion may reasonably come to the conclusion that
45、that uuHence/Therefore,wed better come to the Hence/Therefore,wed better come to the conclusion thatconclusion thatuuThere is no doubt that(job-hopping)has its There is no doubt that(job-hopping)has its drawbacks as well as merits.drawbacks as well as merits.uuAll in all,we cannot live without But a
46、t the All in all,we cannot live without But at the same time we must try to find out new ways same time we must try to find out new ways to cope with the problems that would arise.to cope with the problems that would arise.Conclusion结论结论第31页/共36页uuIt is high time that we put an end to It is high tim
47、e that we put an end to the(trend).the(trend).uuIt is time to take the advice of and It is time to take the advice of and to put special emphasis on the to put special emphasis on the improvement of improvement of uuThere is no doubt that enough There is no doubt that enough concern must be paid to
48、the problem concern must be paid to the problem of of uuObviously,.If we want to do Obviously,.If we want to do something,it is essential that something,it is essential that uuOnly in this way can we Only in this way can we uuIt must be realized thatIt must be realized thatSuggestions建议第32页/共36页uuOb
49、viously,if we dont control the problem,the Obviously,if we dont control the problem,the chances are that will lead us in danger.chances are that will lead us in danger.uuNo doubt,unless we take effective measures,it is No doubt,unless we take effective measures,it is very likely that very likely tha
50、t uuIt is urgent that immediate measures should be It is urgent that immediate measures should be taken to stop the situation.taken to stop the situation.Prediction of result结果预测第33页/共36页五、写作增词的技巧五、写作增词的技巧1.1.改变句式，改变句式，善用词组善用词组 （如上）（如上）2.2.扩词扩词 拉长：拉长：A girl A girl -a beautiful girl -a beautiful girl