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1、20222023学年佛山市普通高中高三教学质量检测（一）英语2022. 12本试卷共8页满分120分。考试用时120分钟。注意事项：1答卷前，考生务必将自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上。2.回答选择题时，选出每小题答案后，用铅笔把答题卡上对应题目的答案标号涂黑。如需改动, 用橡皮擦干净后，再选涂其他答案标号。回答非选择题时，将答案写在答题卡上，写在本试卷 上无效。因不考听力，试卷从第二部分的“阅读”开始，试题序号从“21”开始。第二部分阅读（共两节，满分50分）第一节（共15小题：每小题2. 5分,满分37. 5分）阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出最佳选项。ATotal
2、 Solar Eclipse 2023 AustraliaOne of natures most remarkable events-a total solar eclipse（日蚀）一will take place on the western edge of Australia on April 20th, 2023 and we have chosen the perfect way for you to enjoy this event: on a cruise（航游）atThere have been only five total solar eclipses in Austral
3、ia over the past century and this is the first hybrid eclipse in more than 1000 years. Unlike other cruises for this event, ours has the well-known astronomer Abigail Beall to accompany you. You will have the best possible view of the event as well as enjoying lectures and stargazing on land and at
4、sea. Abigail will be on hand throughout, giving lectures on the history and science of eclipses, the black hole at the centre of the galaxy-along with providing many opportunities for guided stargazing. Plus, (here will be additional talks from the Astronomical Society of Australia. Click here for d
5、etailed arrangements of the tour.Single occupancyPer guest based on two people sharingInterior cabin2, 4291,699Occanview cabin3, 2292,199If you wish to add a third adult or child to your room, please ask for a quote.Alongside the cruise, you can also explore some of Australias best scientific and na
6、tural phenomena with a series of tailored add-on tours covering astronomy on (he east coast and visits to Uluru, Sydney, the Great Barrier Reef and much more. On the last day of the tour, we can send you back to the airport for your return journey home, or you can join one of our add-on (ours. Click
7、 here for full details about add-on tours.1. What makes the cruise different from others?A. A specialises guidance.B. A talk with astronomers.C. A chance for stargazing D. A meeting with astronauts.2. How much should a couple pay for a tour in a Oceanview cabin?A. 3, 229.B. 2, 199.C. . 6, 458D. 4, 3
8、98.3. What is the purpose of the text?A. To celebrate a historic event.B. To advertise a special cruise.C To introduce a travel agency.D. To explain a natural phenomenon.BDcvezas mother was on the waiting list fbr a kidney transplant（肾移植）.Deveza wanted to donate one of her own kidneys-but she was tu
9、rned down because she might develop the same health problems as her mother in later life.Dcvcza came up with a different plan. In 2017, she started the worlds first paired exchange of different organs between living donors, exchanging half her liver（肝）fbr someone elses kidney. A case study of the or
10、gan exchange has now been published, and the surgeons who were involved arc calling fbr more exchanges like this. 4You can imagine the enonnous impact fbr mixed organ extended chains,says John Roberts, a surgeon at University of California, San Francisco.Most organ transplants come from people who h
11、ave died, but there are never enough organs. As most people can manage with just one of their kidneys, people with kidney failure arc increasingly receiving donated organs from relatives or friends. If someone wants to donate but their immune（免疫的）system is unsuited, doctors may be able to find pairs
12、 of would-be donors who can each give a kidney to the others relative.When Deveza was looking into such chains, she came across research describing the idea of trading a kidney with the only other organ generally taken from a living donor-the liver. She suggested the idea to many hospitals before sh
13、e finally contacted Roberts, who saw the ideas potential.Deveza was assessed to be in good enough health to donate part of her liver. It then took 18 months to find Annie Simmons, in Idaho, whose liver was unsuitable to use as a transplant for her sister with severe liver disease. They drew up a pla
14、n: Simmons would donate a kidney to Devezas mother, and in return, Deveza would give half her liver to Simmons, sister. The hospital gave the go-ahead and the four operations took place on （he same day successfully.The team hope that the ground-breaking case will inspire more people to consider doin
15、g （he same. Roberts says that direct exchanges involving two donors could enable up to thirty extra living-donor liver transplants a yeara ten percent increase.4. What did Deveza do to save her mother?A. Carrying out a case study.B. Calling for kidney donations.C. Launching a medical experiment.D. T
16、rading half her liver for a kidney.5. What does Paragraph 3 mainly talk about?A. Patients desperation to survive.B. Several sources of organ donation.C. Current situation of organ transplants.D. Doctors efforts to improve organ transplants.6. What can be inferred about ihe organ exchange between Dev
17、eza and Simmons?A. It discouraged organ donation.B. It brought two families together.C. It met with widespread approval.D. It produced a desirable outcome.7. What is the best title for the text?A. My Liver, Your KidneyMothers Love, Our HappinessB. Organ Transplant: Blessing for PatientsD Organ Excha
18、nge: Major Medical AdvancesCIts no secret now that the more time we spend on social media, the more we feel dissatisfied with ourselves. We tend to compare ourselves to influences and celebrities- so its easy to understand how that can affect our confidence.But, how often have you found yourself com
19、paring your life to your friends? Engaging with social media shared by our friends can be more damaging than looking at content shared by celebrities, new research has found.The study looking at how social media affects body image found that any social media engagement was significantly associated w
20、ith lower u appearance satisfaction n . Additionally, it found that engaging with content posted by people the participants knew was more than twice as damaging as looking at content posted by strangers, including celebrities.Viren Swami, Professor of Social Psychology at Anglia Ruskin University, b
21、elieves this is partly because we know its hard to attain the lives of celebrities or influences, but when were comparing ourselves to our friends, it feels like we should- or could-live the way they do.“One possible explanation is that people may perceive a post showing appearance as being much mor
22、e attainable if it comes from someone they know, adding expectation or pressure on the person engaging in the post, “ he said. At the same time, people may be more critically engaged with posts by the likes of models and celebrities, and therefore perceive the images they share to be more unrealisti
23、c.”This is not just confined to body image though. We all have one area in our lives that triggers（触 发）us.Maybe youve been searching fbr a new job fbr months and you find yourself on social media, envying your school friend who just landed their dream role. Maybe.All this is to say the obvious: we o
24、nly see part of peoples lives -and if its getting you down, youre probably comparing your insides to other peoples outsides. Everyone has their struggles and life is indeed not perfect fbr anyone. So, put down your phone, get offline, be thankful and try to live your own life.8. What did the new stu
25、dy find?A. Social media invites unfavorable comments.B. Friends posts affect us more than celebrities.C. Celebrities have a negative influence on our life.D. Body image causes more concern than social life.9 Why are we more likely to compare with our friends according to Swami?A. They serve as role
26、models. B. We know the way they live., C. Their lifestyles are accessible. D. We are curious about their life. 10. What does the underlined word in Paragraph 6 probably mean? A. Restricted.8. Related.C. Devoted.D. Exposed.11. What does （he author suggest people do?A. Find your dream and fight fbr it
27、.B. Stop comparing and be yourself.C. Be grateful and lead a perfect life.D. Stop complaining and get down to work.DGiven that the dictionary definition of curiosity is “the desire to know something”, it may be of little surprise that much research has concerned its benefits for education.Consider a
28、 study at the University of California at Davis in 2014. The researchers first asked each participant to rate their curiosity about learning the answers to a series of questions, such as “What does the term dinosaur actually mean? The participants then lay in an fMRI brain scanner （扫描仪）while the sam
29、e questions were presented, followed shortly after by the answers. The participants were then tested on （heir recollection of the facts an hour later.The effects of curiosity on later recall were striking. When the participants were highly curious about a fact, they were 30% more likely to recall it
30、. And this seemed to correspond to heightened activity in areas of the midbrain that release dopamine （多巴胺）.Dopamine is normally associated with reward, but animal studies suggest that it can also enhance the formation of new neural（神经的）connections. It looked as if the feeling of curiosity was helpi
31、ng prepare the brain to absorb the new and important information, and this then resulted in a more stable memory.Interestingly, the researchers found that the dopamine hit, arising from initial curiosity, could even enhance the memory of incidental information that had no direct relevance lo (he pri
32、mary question. To demonstrate (his, they had presented random faces alongside the answers to the questions and, an hour later, checked whether the participants still recognized the faces. The analyses showed that the participants were far more likely lo remember the face if it had accompanied a ques
33、tion that had awakened their curiosity.This additional, and unexpected, memory boost could be extremely useful whenever were trying to learn something new and complicated. Wcrc unlikely, after ail, to find every single element of our studies interesting. But if we can develop some curiosity about a(
34、 least some of the facts, we may find that the rest of the material also sticks far more easily.12. Which aspect of curiosity did the study focus on?A. Its scientific definition.B. Its unique characteristics.C. Its influences on memory.D. Its benefits for brain health.13. What was the purpose of pre
35、senting questions to the participants first?A. To assess their learning ability.B To awaken their passion fbr learning.C. To measure their curiosity about the questions.D. To refresh iheir memory of extinct wild animals.14. What can he learned about dopamine according to Paragraph 3?A. It blocks mem
36、ory.B. it facilitates learning.C. It promotes friendship.D. It cures neural disorder.15 Which message about learning docs the unexpected finding deliver?A. Generate interest in study.B. Locus on essential information.C. Make learning materials related.D. Attach importance to memorization.第二节(共5小题：每小
37、题2. 5分，满分125分)阅读下面短文，从短文后的选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。选项中有两项为多余选项。Camping Tips & Tricks for a Fun TripMany people idealize camping trips as being this easy, effortless encounter with destinations rich with natural landscapes and nights under the stars twinkling in the sky above.16 Thats why weve prepared the
38、bestcamping tips for you!Plan accordingly, and then plan again. When youre out in the middle of nowhere, you have to be equipped to nature challenges. 17 Therefore, a plan for unexpected weather changes is essential to a successful camping trip. For example, consider packing extra suppliers like bla
39、nkets. While that might seem like a huge inconvenience, the biggest and real issue occurs when you need something you doivt have.Know what you need. 18 Not all beginner campers will need the top-of-thc-line, latest supplies. But you should have at least （he basics! Thal includes a decent tent with e
40、nough room for people camping with you, a good sleeping bag appropriate for the season, and other supplies like food and water. Youd better create a convenient checklist that lays out everything （hat you should consider.19 When youre far away from the major conveniences we rely upon like an urgent c
41、are center, police stations, and emergency rooms, you should always remember that safety is your first priority! 20 A first aid kit is a great starting point, but its certainly not the end of maximizing your safety efforts. Depending on where you plan to camp, youll want to grab these items that cov
42、er you in most emergency situations: a pocket knife, a fire starter, and a safety whistle.Ready to go camping? Now you know what to expect and how to prepare for your next camping trip, so you actually have funrain or shine!A. Always choose a safe campsite.B. Never leave home without safety in mind.
43、C. We encourage you to create a safety supply kit.D. Camping doesnt have to be complicated or expensive.E. A clear 3-day forecast can easily shift into a sudden heavy rain.F. To maximize your comfort, always bring appropriate clothes for cold and rain.G. But for beginner campers, those expectations
44、can rapidly turn into a mess of reality.第三部分语言运用（共两节，满分30分）第一节（共15小题;每小题1分,满分15分）阅读下面短文，从每题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中选出可以填入空白处的最佳选项。 Growing up, my parents never forced me and my brother out of our house in Hounslow, but we werent 21 to live there forever.My family always had a special 22 for me. Our parents e
45、ncouraged us to spend time together: meals were eaten as a family and TV viewing was 23. When I went to university at 18,1 knew my messystudent apartments were 24 -my real home was back in Hounslow and I was 25 that I could return whenever I wanted to.When I was 19, my mum passed away. In the follow
46、ing months, I would come back 26 checking in on my dad and 27 him to go shopping and start cooking proper meals. Three years later, I was28 and I moved back. As I looked for work, I would 29 the meals were eaten together.30, two sad men living in a house are less of a family. My dad wanted me to gel
47、 on and live my life rather than stay trapped in our sorrow. Eventually, in 2018,1 got a. It was time for me to gain32, and I packed up and left.Next year will be 10 years since my mum died. Our family home is 33. My mums pictures have been replaced with new photographs; her clothes and scent are go
48、ne. But, I am 34 that things havebecome difterent. Tve realized that the home my mum created isn just a(n)35- it is something she instilled (灌输)in us.21. A. encouragedB. remindedC. allowedD. persuaded22. A. planB. pullC. requestD. pressure23. A. guaranteedB. sharedC. favoredD. scheduled24. A. inconvenientB. disturbingC. ordinaiyD. temporary25. A. concernedB. convincedC. gratefulD. hopeful26. A. secretlyB. hesitantlyC. regularlyD. randomly27. A. urgingB. instructingC. invitingD. forcing28. A. out of touchB. out of wor