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1、专题二语法运用三年全国卷考点考 频名词3年10考 代词3年3考 冠词3年7考 介词3年8考形容词/副词3年5考 连词 3年9考 动词 3年16考 非谓语动词 3年20考 引导词3年10考考情分析预测说 明从考点考频来看，预计2020年高考题将保持近三年的难度，主要以考 查动词、名词、介词和副词为主，适度增加对连词的考查，其中动词 的时态和非谓语动词形式是难点解题流通读全文，了解主旨大意一尝试填空，解决较易空格一分析结构，各程个击破一重读全文，修正错误考点十三语法填空第4,步刷基础刷经典Passage 1限时8分钟Chinese has overtaken French, Spanish and
2、 German to become one of the most lucrative (赚钱的)foreign (language) for job seekers in the UK. Research shows graduates in Chinese earn an average 2 (year) salary of 31, 000 (270, 000 yuan or more.For students today, struggling with rising debt, 3 degree in Chinese promisesto set them apart in the w
3、orkp1 ace.Chinese students set 4 (they) up for a different university experience from their peers (同辈)who arc taking traditional essay subjects. While an English student may have as 1 i ttle as six hours of contact time a week, those studying Chinese (be) in class for most of the day.Hannah Jackson
4、graduated in Chinese Studies from Sheffield University in 2009. She describes her course umajorly nervousw . In the second week of herfirst year, she was ? (suppose) to know more than someone who had taken Chinese at A- Level.Hannah studied Chinese (know) she wanted a job working in business in Chin
5、a. She graduated at the height of the recession (衰退)and went to look for a job in Shanghai, 9 she found more employment opportunities.Studying Chinese definitely makes you more marketable in the workplace. People+and/or+陈述句”的句型，本句中的陈述句表顺承的结果，需填and。Passage 8限时7分钟Tyler Thompson is ) unlikely star in t
6、he world of Peking Opera. The 15-year-old from Oakland has fascinated audiences in the US and China with his ability 2 (sing) pitch-perfect Mandarin (普通话)and perform the ancient Chinese art form. The teen, 3 is black and only speaks some basic Chinese, has been praised by teachers since he 4 (pick)
7、up the music as a kindergartener. As soon as he opens 5 (he) mouth and sings in Chinese, the Chinese are very surprised and they feel very proud of him, “ said his music teacher. uWhen he puts on the costume and all the acting, you can see that he is pretty good. ”Tyler has learned to sing several w
8、ell-known pieces of Peking Opera, a centuries-old form of musical theater g (know) for its highly structured costumes, changing gongs (锣)and cymbals (钱)，wide-ranging voices and highly stylized 7 (move). Tyler got 8 (stand) cheers when he performed 9Justice Bao, a famous Song Dynasty judge who fought
9、 corruption, from theChinese classic Bao Qingtian. The music is very beautiful and its very passionate, “ said Tyler. Its made me _j_0(want) to know more about the worldoutside of America or California or Oakland. v1. 2. 3. 4.5. 6. 7. 8.9.10.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文。文中主要介绍了一个擅长表演京剧的外国青少年的故事。1. an考查冠词。star是可数名词
10、，且第一次在文章中出现，故用不定冠词修饰；形 容词unlikely的读音以元音音素开头，故用an。2. to sing考查非谓语动词。ability to do sth.意为“做某事的能力”，为固定搭 配，故用不定式作后置定语飞3. who考查定语从句的连接词。who引导非限制性定语从句，在从句中作主语，修饰 先行词The teeno4. picked考杳动词的时态。since意为“自从”时，引导的状语从句中，从句用一般 过去时，主句用现在完成时。5. his考查代词。根据mouth和主语he可知，此处应用形容词性物主代词his修饰名 词mouth,在句子中作定语。6. known考查非谓语动
11、词。know和句子谓语之间没有连词，故用非谓语动词，且know 和其逻辑主语form之间存在动宾关系，故用过去分词作后置定语。7. movements考查词性转换。根据and可知，此处与名词voices呼应，故用名词的复 数形式，即movement So8. standing考查非谓语动词。由空后的名词cheers可知，此处standing为动名词， 作定语，意为“站着进行的，表示Tyler得到了(观众的)起立欢呼。9. as考查介词。此处as意为“作为”，后跟名词、代词或动名词，与performed呼 应，表示扮演的角色，符合语境。10. want考查非谓语动词。make sb. do st
12、h. “使某人做某事”，应用不带to的不 定式作宾语补足语。故填want。Passage 9限时8分钟Looking around the streets of London, you* 11 see many people on different means of transport, its on a commute to work, a trip to the shops, or a sightseeing.Scooter, this traditional children vehicle 2 (become) more sophisticated over the past yea
13、rs. And now, 3 一 the addition of a small electric motor, its become a cheap and easy mode of transport. Being fun and not involving much effort, scooting is getting & (increase) popular around the world.However, safety problems arise. _5 scooter riders have been seen on pavements; others on the road
14、 jumping red traffic lights, adding to the frustration of motorists (stick) in jams. In the UK, the law states that riding one on the public highway or pavement ) (forbid). Now riders, facing a 300 fixed-penalty notice and six points on their driving licence for doing so, are calling on8 (regulate)
15、to bechanged.Despite the fact that some of them can exceed 30mph, they only have one brake and no lights. 9 confident the rider may be, larger vehicles on the road make them easily hurt. So it seems more work requires (do) to give e-scooters a safe and legal space to travel.1. 2. 3. 4.5.6. 7.8. _9.
16、10.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章说明了使用滑板车面临着多种危险，需要制度的约 束。1. whether考查连词。whether . or .表示“是还是”，表示选择，为固定 搭配。2. has become考查动词的时态。根据over the past years”判断要用现在完成时。3. with考查介词。在滑板车上增加了一个电机，此处表示“有，具有”。4. increasingly考查词性转换。此处修饰形容词，故用副词。increasingly表示“逐 渐地”。5. Some考查限定词。与others连用表示一些另一，些”。6. stuck考查非谓语动词。此处过去分词作定语。7. i
17、s forbidden考查动词的语态。句意：在机动车道和人行道上使用滑板车是被禁止 的。8. regulations考查名词。作call on的宾语，故用名词。9. However考查状语从句的连接词。此处引导词连接让步状语从句。10. doing/to be done 考查非谓语动词。require doing/to be done 表示“需要 被”。Passage 10限时7分钟Longjing tea, j, has topped the list of the ten most famous teas in China with its color, taste and shape,
18、_2_ (name) after its production region-Longjing Village of West Lake. The good environment and water resources have contributed much to the3 (grow) of the tea, confirming the saying that aLongjing tea is the 4 (good) among all of the teas in the world” .Thanks 5 the Qianlong Emperor of the Qing Dyna
19、sty, the tea has earned a high reputation. The story went that the Qianlong Emperor visited a mountain during his Hangzhou travels, and he saw some ladies picking the tea at 6 foot of the mountain. He was so interested in their movements that he decided to have a go himself.While 工 (pick)the tea, he
20、 received the news of his mother* s i1Iness, so he Ccirelessly put the leaves in his right sleeve and & (leave) Hangzhou for Beijing. He visited his mother 9 (immediate) upon his arrival in Beijing, and his mother smelt the fragrance of the tea leaves frorn his right sleeve and wanted to have a tast
21、e. After drinking a cup of tea, she found herself completely 10 (refresh), and she even praised it as a cure for all illnesses. From then on, it was listed as the tribute篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介绍了西湖龙井茶盛名的由来。1.2.3.4.5.6.7.8.9.10.1. Which考查定语从句的引导词。句意：龙井茶因为其色泽、味道和外形而居于中国 十大名茶之首，它以其生产地区一一西湖龙井村而命名。根据句意并分析句子结构可
22、知，此 处为非限制性定语从句，且从句中缺少主语，先行词为表示物的“Longjing tea，所以用 which引导该定语从句。2. is named考查动词的时态和语态。分析句子结构可知，此处主语Longjing tea与 动词name之间为被动关系，且叙述一般的情况，所以用一般现在时的被动语态。3. growth考查词性转换。良好的环境和水资源对茶的生长贡献良多。根据空前的定冠 词和空后的of the tea”可知,此处用名词growth。4. best考查形容词的最高级。龙井茶是世界上所有茶叶中最好的。根据语境可知，此 处用形容词的最高级，且由空前的定冠词the及空后的“among all
23、 of the teas in the world”也可知应用形容词最高级。5. to考杳固定搭配。thanks to意为“幸亏，由于，为固定搭配。6. the考查冠词。此处的mountain指上文中提到的mountain,为特指，故用定冠词 the。7. picking考查非谓语动词。句意：在采茶叶的时候，他收到了他的母亲生病的消息, 所以他漫不经心地把茶叶放到他右边的袖子里，离开杭州去北京。根据句意并分析句子结构 可知，此处为分词作状语，动词pick与其逻辑主语he之间为主谓关系，所以用现在分词。8. left考查动词的时态。本段叙述的是发生在过去的事，所以用一般过去时，且and 前的re
24、ceived和put也是提示。9. immediately考查词性转换。他一到北京，就立即去拜访母亲。此处修饰动词visited 应用副词。10. refreshed考查非谓语动词。喝了一杯茶后，她发现自己完全恢复了精神。find oncsclf+ad7.意为“发现某人自己”，此处用过去分词作宾语补足语。总结探究语法填空解题策略探究(一)一、有提示词填空题的解题技巧1 .提示词为动词(1)若句子没有谓语动词，或者虽然有谓语动词，但所填的动词与之是并列关系时，则 所给动词在句子中作谓语，这时就要考虑时态、语态、主谓一致及虚拟语气。典例 1 (2018 全国卷 II) (remove) the s
25、kin and place them in plastic bags or containers and freeze.答案：Remove and连接并列谓语remove和place,故填Removeo(2)若所给提示词为动词，又不在句中作谓语时，应考虑用其非谓语动词形式。典例 2 (2018 全国卷 II)The government encourages farmers to grow corn instead of rice (improve) water quality.答案：to improve 根据前面的 “The government encourages farmers to
26、grow corn instead of rice”可知，政府鼓励农民们种植更多的玉米而不是水稻来提高水质，此处是目 的状语,故填to improveo2 .提示词为名词如果给出的提示词是名词，一种情况是考查词形变化，词性不变，如：变成名词复数形 式、名词所有格等；另一种情况是考查名词与其他词类的转化，如：转化成形容词、副词等。典例 (2018 全国卷 I )Two of the authors of the review also made a study published in 2014 that showed a more five to 10 minutes a day of run
27、ning reduced the risk of heart disease and early deaths from al 1 (cause).答案：causes根据句意“每天仅仅跑510分钟就能降低所有因素导致的心脏病和早 逝的风险”以及all可知，cause用复数形式。3 .提示词为形容词或副词如果括号内给出的是形容词或副词，一种情况是考查词性转换，如：形容词与副词之间 的转换、形容词或副词与名词、动词等之间的转换；另一种情况是考查比较级，般有表示 范围的介词短语in/of .或定语从句，或空格前有the时，要用最高级；than的前面一定 要用比较级。典例 (2018 ,全国卷I【)A
28、 taste for meat is (actual) behind the change: An important part of its corn is used to feed chickens, pigs, and cattle.答案:actual ly根据语境，此处修饰介词短语behind the change,使用副词作状语。第步刷模拟-刷高考!Passage 1限时8分钟(2019 全国卷 II)A 90-year-old has been awarded “Woman Of The Year for | (be) Britains oldest full-time emplo
29、yee-sti11 working 40 hours a week. Now Irene Astbury works from 9am to 5pm daily at the pet shop in Macclesfield, 2 she opened with her late husband Les. Her years of hard work have 3 (final) been acknowledged after a customer nominated (提名)her to be Cheshires Woman Of The Year.Picking up her “Lifet
30、ime Achievement“ award, proud Irene a (declare) she had no plans 5 (retire) from her 36-year-old business. Irene said, I dont see any reason to give up work. I love coming here and seeing my family and all the friends I 6 (make) over the years. I work not because I have to, 工 because I want to. ”Gra
31、nddaughter Gayle Parks, 31-who works alongside her in the family businesssaid it remained unknown as to who nominated Irene for the award. She said, “We dont have any idea who put grandma forward. When we got a call _ 8 (say) she was short-listed, we thought it was 9 joke. But then we got an officia
32、l letter and we were blown away. We are so proud of her. Its 10 (wonder).”1. 2. 3. 4._5. 6. 7.8.9. 10.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，介绍了一位90岁的英国女性仍然坚持每周工作40个小 时而获得“年度女性奖”的事迹。1. being考查非谓语动词.介词for后跟动词时，要用其动名词形式。2. which考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，逗号后是非限制性定语从句， the pet shop是先行词,定语从句中缺少opened的宾语，故用which引导非限制性定语从句。3. finally考查词
33、性转换。副词修饰动词acknowledge。4. declared考查动词的时态。分析句子结构可知，主句中缺少谓语动词；结合后面的 had可知，此处应使用一般过去时。5. to retire考查非谓语动词。此处用不定式短语作plans的后置定语，表示“她没 有退休的计划”。6. have made考查动词的时态。根据空格后的时间状语“over the yearsw可知，句 子要用现在完成时。7. but考查连词。not . but .“不是而是”。8. saying考查非谓语动词。say与前面的a call之间是逻辑上的主谓关系，故填 saying,用现在分词短语作后置定语，修饰a call。
34、9. a考杳冠词。joke “笑话，玩笑”，是可数名词。空格后的joke为单数，且表示 泛指,故其前用a。10. wonderful考查词性转换。系动词is后面跟形容词作表语。Passage 2限时8分钟(2019 全国卷HI)0n our way to the house, it was raining J hard that we couldn, t help wondering how long it would take 2 (get) there. It was in the middle of Pearl City.We were first greeted with the ba
35、rking by a pack 3 dogs, seven to be exact. They were well trained by their masters 4 had great experience with caring for these animals. Our hosts shared many of their experiences and (recommend) wonderful places to eat, shop, and visit. For breakfast, we were able to eat papaya（木瓜）and other fruits
36、from their trees in the backyard.When they were free from work, they invited us to local events and let us know of an interesting 6 (compete) to watch, together with the story behind it. They also shared with us many ? (tradition) stories about Hawaii that were (huge) popular with tourists. On the l
37、ast day of our week-long stay, we 9 (invite) to attend a private concert on a beautiful farm on the North Shore under the stars, 10 (listen) to musicians and meeting interesting locals.1. 2. 3. 4._5. 6. 7.8.9. 10.篇章导读：本文是一篇记叙文，讲述了作者的一次旅行经历。1. so考查固定结构。分析句子结构可知，此处是so . that .结构，意为“如 此以至于”，so修饰副词hard。
38、2. to get考查非谓语动词。此处是it takes some time to do slh.结构，意为“花 费多长时间做某事”。3. of考查固定搭配。a pack of是固定搭配,意为“一群”。4. who考查定语从句的引导词。分析句子结构可知，所填词引导定语从句，修饰指人 的先行词their masters,且在从句中作主语,故填关系代词who。5. recommended考查动词的时态。此处讲述过去发生的事情，故用一般过去时。6. competition考查词性转换。根据空格前的形容词interesting可知，此处应填动 词 compete 的名词形式 competition。7
39、. traditional考查词性转换。所填词修饰名词stories,故应用tradition的形容 词形式 traditional08. hugely考查副词。所填词修饰形容词popular,故应用huge的副词形式hugely。 be hugely popular with ”非常受欢迎“。9. were invited 考杳动词的时态和语态。事情发生在过去，旦主语we与动词invite 之间是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态。10. listening考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应填非谓语动词形式与and 后面的现在分词meeting并列，主语we与listen之间是主动关系
40、，故用现在分词短语作状 语。Passage 3限时8分钟(2020 惠州市高三第一次调研考试试题)Today, Mount Qomolangma, s peak is not a lonely place any more. Over 3, 500 people have (successful) c 1 imbed the mountain over the past year. Meanwhile, climbers have complained about 2 (wait) for hours in the bottlenecks.In fact, the dangerous 3 (c
41、rowd) aren* t the only problem. All those climbers need & (bring) a lot of gear (设备)，much of which ends up being left on the mountain. It is becoming the world* s 5 (tall) rubbish dump.But the good news is 6 some mountaineers have started to clean up Qomolangma. Mountaineers Paul and Eberhard are pa
42、rt of Eco Everest Expedition, which has been cleaning up rubbish since 2008. So far they 7 (collect) over 13 tons of garbage.Some of that rubbish is even being used for 8 higher purpose. As part of the Mount Everest 8848 Art Project, a group of 15 artists from Nepal collected 1. 5 tons of garbage. T
43、heyve changed the cans and oxygen tanks into 74 pieces of art that have already been exhibited 9 _ Nepal* s capital. Part of the profit from sales 10 (be) avai lable for the Everest Peakeers Association which has helped col lect rubbish off the mountain.1. 2. 3. 4._5. 6. 7. 8.9. 10.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，主要介
44、绍了珠穆朗玛峰的污染情况以及现在采取的应对 污染的措施和取得的进步。1. successful ly考查词性转换。修饰谓语动词应用副词,故填successfully。2. waiting考查非谓语动词。此处介词about之后应用动名词形式，故填waiting。3. crowds考查名词的单复数。根据空前的形容词dangerous可知，空处应用名词形式， crowd “人群”为可数名词，且句子的谓语arent为复数形式，所以应用复数形式crowds。4. to bring考查非谓语动词。此处表示所有这些登山者都需要带着大量设备，故此处 用need to do sth. “需要做某事”。5. ta
45、llest考查形容词的最高级。根据句中的the worlds表述“全世界范围内的” 可知，此处表示最高级的含义，故用形容词最高级tallest。6. that考查名词性从句的连接词。分析句子结构并结合句意可知，此处引导表语从句， 引导词在从句中不充当成分，无语意，仅起连接作用，故用that引导该从句。7. have collected考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据句中的时间状语So far可知， 此处表示截止到现在已收集的垃圾数量，所以应用现在完成时；又主语they为复数，故填have collectedo8. a考查冠词。此处表示“一个更高的目标”，表泛指，在文中第一次提到，且higher的
46、发音以辆音音素开头，故用a。9. in考查介词。根据句意可知，此处表示“在尼泊尔的首都”，故填in 在(某范 围或空间内的)某一点”。10. is考查动词的时态和主谓一致。根据语境可知，此处为一般性描述，应用一般现 在时；该句主语为Pari of the profit from sales”，表示单数概念，应填is。Passage 4限时6分钟(2018 浙江高考)Few people I know seem to have much desire or time to cook. Making Chinese 1 (dish) is seen as especially troublesom
47、e. Many westerners 2 come to China cook much less than in their own countries once they realize how cheap 3 can be to eat out. I sti11 remember 0 (visit) a friend whod 1ived here for five years and I 5 (shock) when I learnt she hadnt cooked once in all that time.While regularly eating out seems to 6
48、 (become) common for many young people in recent years, its not without a cost. The obvious one is money; eating out once or twice a week may be ? (afford) but doing this most days adds up. There could be an even 8 (high) cost on your health. Researchers have found that there is a direct link between the increase in food eaten outside the home and the rise in 9 (weigh) problems.If you are not going to suffer this problem, then I suggest that th