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1、2021届高三英语复习拓展阅读（二）These magic words will change your life语篇导读：小小的语言调整可以帮助你减轻压力、改善人际关系以及增强自信心。Small words may help you beat stress （压力）and improve your relationships. Use these tips to teach yourself a helpful and useful vocabulary.“I get to”“Many of us begin our day with the phrase I have says Cathe
2、rine Grace OConnell, a self-development expert. Changing this to I get to has the ability to change the way our day goes. Even if you may not be happy about going to work or cooking dinner, saying that you ”get to“ do those things changes your attention to the positive aspects （积极方面）of those things.
3、Thank you”A lot of research has been done on why people especially women often dont accept compliments （称赞）smoothly. Language in Society found that women only accepted compliments 40 percent of the time, and the Harvard Business Review found that almost 70 percent of people connected receiving compl
4、iments with a little shame or embarrassment. Does this scenario sound familiar? She says, UI love that drcss. You say, “Oh this? Ive had it fbr ycars. Or, You think? Im not crazy about the colour., We often demean （贬彳氏）ourselves while doing this. A better way to respond: Look the person in the eye a
5、nd simply say, “Thank you.”“Not yet”Adding “yet to the end of your words, especially when talking about abilities and goals, is a small but good way to change your attitude to life. Add the word yet to limiting comments （限 制性的评论）J suggests Kyndall Bennett, a self-development expert. 4*Whcn wc do thi
6、s, we allow ourselves to accept the limiting thoughts as truths J Bennett says. Examples of this would be like, I cant speak a second language . yet and I dont know how to run my own business . yet. This works for everything from weight loss to relationships; its a way to add a certain optimism to y
7、our words.Match the words in the text with their correct meanings.1. expertA. a situation that could possibly happen2. embarrassmentB. the feeling of being hopeful about the future3. scenarioC. the feeling of being nervous or uncomfortable4. optimismD. someone who has special knowledge of a subject答
8、案：1-4 DCABA weekend in Belgium语篇阅读：作者描述了自己去比利时旅游的经历。I was very excited when, last week, my friends and I decided to spend our weekend in Belgium.The first place we went to was Brussels. Brussels is such a beautiful city, although I thought it seemed rather small to be a capital city. We visited the
9、statue of the weeing boy （撒尿小孩铜 彳象），the great town hall and, of course, we did not forget to visit the famous Belgium chocolate shops.One enjoyable part of my afternoon was certainly eating a real Belgium waffle （华夫饼）.We found that you cant go far without coming across waffles in Brussels. Theyre fb
10、r sale in shop windows, on the menu at restaurants and are sold by sellers on the side of the street.In the evening we went out for a meal with other people on the trip; it was good fun getting to know other students who were experiencing living abroad fbr the first time. After the meal we were take
11、n to a bar （酒吧）to taste some of Belgiums famous beer.On the Sunday we visited the city of Anvers. The city is famous for its fashion （时尚） museums. These museums were interesting and they really showed the differences in fashion over the years. After this little trip, it was time to return home.Tryin
12、g times语篇导读：1951年某一天的清晨，“我”被一阵剧烈的摇晃惊醒，“我”意识到：地震了！As wc go through life, interesting and exciting experiences can test our limits （极限）. Sometimes our experiences can even leave us feeling frightened. This was certainly the case for me one day in 1951. One early morning I was awakened by quite a shock
13、. The earth was shaking badly below me and 1 realized it was an earthquake!I was living in a mountain town at the time of the earthquake. Many of the buildings had been built on a river bed. People feared that if a strong earthquake happened, the entire town would be left in ruins. As all of us ran
14、to higher ground for safety, we wondered if that terrible moment had come. All of the shaking caused very serious damage. Homes fell down, families lost loved ones and the ground opened up in great cracks all around us.Its difficult to face tragedy （不幸）when those painful moments in life happen. All
15、of us experienced this when we heard that the entire grade school building had been destroyed. Luckily, the earthquake happened early in the morning before all the students were inside the classrooms. We hated to hear that the school building di dirt survive the disaster. But we were more than relie
16、ved （放心的）to know that the students did!Although my house was still standing, many neighbors lost their homes. My heart broke for them. Lots of families came together at my place where we waited out the terrible aftershocks. Although peoples hearts were heavy with sadness, being together helped heal
17、（治愈）some of the wounds.From: Studio ClassroomAddressing child poverty wins Nobel Prize for three economists语篇导读：诺贝尔经济学奖联合授予了三位经济学家，以表彰他们在减轻全球贫困方面的实验性做法.The Nobel Prize in Economics （经济学）has been given to three people who have used a new way of solving child poverty （贫困）.They arc US-bascd economists
18、Abhijit Banerjee, Esther Duflo, and Michael Kremer. French-American Duflo is only the second woman to win the economics prize in its 50-ycar history, as well as the youngest at 46.The Royal Swedish Academy of Sciences said their work had shown how poverty could be addressed （解决）by breaking i（ down i
19、nto smaller and clearer questions in areas such as education and healthcare, and then testing solutions in the community, much like scientists or doctors would.“It starts from the idea that even the people that try to help the poor do not actually understand what the causes of their problems are,“ D
20、uflo said. uWhat we try to do is to say, Look, lets try to unpack the problems onc-by-onc and address them as carefully and scientifically as possible.Their work in Kenya and India, for example, found that providing more textbooks, school meals and teachers didnt do much to help students learn more.
21、 Making the school work more relevant （相关的）to students, working closely with the neediest students and holding teachers responsible were more successfiil in countries where teachers often dont want to show up fbr work.The team has also worked on the Teaching al the right lever* program which has hel
22、ped 60 million children in India and Africa and centers on math and reading skills for primary school students.Duflo said the importance of the two most common ways to deal with poverty foreign aid （援助）and freeing up trade with poor countries had often been “overstated”. Even though great progress h
23、as been achieved, dealing with global poverty remains a huge and difficult task.Ancient LIANGZHU RUINS stand the test of time语篇导读：五千年中华文明博大精深，源远流长。你知道五千年中华文明的实证之地在哪儿 吗？The Liangzhu ruins in Hangzhou, pointing lo an established Chinese civilisation 5, 000 years ago, have been added to the UNESCO Worl
24、d Heritage List.Every Chinese child is taught at school that the countrys civilisation is 5, ()(X) years old, but proving this beyond doubt has been a problem.Now, a jade artifact (玉器)named “King of Cong，found in the Liangzhu city ruins near Hangzhou, Zhejiang Province, has provided an answer. Accor
25、ding to radiocarbon dating (放射性 碳定年法)，the 6.5 kg object is 5,300 years old. It is one of the largest objects among all cong from Liangzhu. The piece has now won greater global recognition.However, the site has far more than just things made of jade. The main area, spread over 14.3 square kilometers
26、in the Yuhang area of Hangzhou, includes not only a citys ruins but 11 dams and several cemeteries (墓地),all about 5.000 years old. Archaeological facts show that people lived in Liangzhu for about a thousand years.“The archaeological ruins of Liangzhu (3300-2300 BCE) show an early state with a unifi
27、ed belief system based on growing rice in Late Neolithic China,“ the UNESCO World Heritage Committee said. These ruins are an extremely good example of early city civilisation expressed in town planning, a water conservation system and a social order which can be seen in where and how people were bu
28、ried in cemeteries within the ruins.”According to studies led by Liu Bin, director of the Zhejiang Provincial Institute of Cultural Relics and Archaeology, the inner part of the ancient city ruins covers 2.8 square kilometers, about five times the area of the Forbidden City in Beijing, and the outer
29、 city spreads across 6.3 square kilometers. Liu said it was the biggest city ruins site of its time to be found in China, and was also one of the largest cities of its day in the world.Self-checkWhats the meaning of Ancient Liangzhu ruins stand the test of time”？1. What can prove that China has a ci
30、vilisation of 5,000 years old?2. How many years did people live in Liangzhu?3. What is the whole area of this ancient city?Notes1. beyond doubt: if something is beyond doubt, it is completely certain 亳无疑问Tokyos Olympic medals will be made from recycled phones语篇导读：东京奥组委宣布用“电子垃圾中的贵金属制造2020年奥运会奖牌。金牌为在纯
31、 银之外镀上6克黄金，银牌为纯银制，铜牌是含有少量锌的黄铜制。Next summer, the top athletes in （he world will compete in the Tokyo Olympics and those who come out on top will receive the ancient games first 100% recycled （回收的）medals. The gold, silver and bronze medals will all be made from metals recycled directly from old cell p
32、hones, computers and other electronic waste.The Olympic Committee chose Japanese artist Junichi Kawanishis design out of over 400 designs. They then spent the next two years collecting almost 79, （）（X） tons of electronic waste, including more than 6 million cell phones. Their “Everyones Medal collec
33、tion activity gave people the chance to feel proud that their old phones would be reborn as Olympic medals.“I never dreamed that my design would actually be chosen,“ said designer Kawanishi. With their shining rings, I hope the medals will be seen as expressing peoples love or praise fbr the athlete
34、s hard work, showing their success and friendship.Olympic medals have not been made of solid gold since the Stockholm games in 1912, but Olympic rules do require a minimum quantity （最少的重量）of each medal. The Tokyo medals will feature （以特色）6g of gold plating with silver inside. The silver medal is pur
35、e silver andthe bronze is a mixture of copper and zinc.Rules also require standard design features: the Olympic rings, the Greek goddess Nike and Panathenaic Stadium, and the official name of the games.Brazil led the way in 2016 with mercury-free （无汞的）gold medals, but Tokyos design is an emblem of s
36、ustainability （可持续性的象征）both around （he world and within the Olympic Games and village.Over 5, 000 medals will be produced and used for both the Olympics and the Paralympics.Supercomputers语篇导读：你听过超级计算机吗？知道它们是用来做什么的吗？Go back to half a century or so and the smallest computer in the world was a very hug
37、e machine that filled a room. When transistors and integrated circuits （集成电路）were developed, computers could pack the same power into microchips as big as your fingernail. So what if you build a room-sized computer today and fill it full of those same chips? What you get is a supercompuler a compute
38、r with great speed and memory.This kind of computer is usually thousands of times faster than ordinary （普通的）personal computers made at that time. Supercoinpiiters can do jobs very fast, so they are used for weather forecasting, code-breaking （密码破译）and other jobs that need many calculations. When new
39、 computers of all classes become more powerful, new ordinary computers are made with powers that only supercomputers had in the past, while new supercomputers continue to become even better. Todays supercomputers may be tomorrows PCs.While some supercomputers are general-purpose machines that can be
40、 used for lots of different scientific problems, some are engineered to do very specific （具体的）jobs. Two of the most famous supercomputers were engineered this way. IBMs Deep Blue supercomputer from 1997 was built specifically to play chess （against Russian Grandmaster Garry Kasparov）, while its late
41、r Watson machine was engineered to play （he game Jeopardy （a popular answer-and-question game competition）. Specially designed machines like this can be used to solve specific problems. For example. Deep Blue would have been designed to search through huge databases （数据库）of possible chess moves and judge which move was best in a certain situation, while Watson was used to analyze difficult general knowledge questions.